Unnoticeable commas are very small intervals. These commas are called "unnoticeable" because, being equal to or less than 3.5 cents, they are smaller than the average peak JND (just-noticeable difference) of human pitch perception, as illustrated by the research of Aaron Andrew Hunt. It is improbable that even a trained listener would be able to notice these intervals, and as such they a prime target for psychoacoustically informed microtempering. (However, a considerably larger comma can be unnoticeable in an adaptive tuning context. Instead of one large pitch shift of the entire comma, there can be many small pitch shifts of a fraction of a comma, one per chord change.)
For commas over 100 cents in size, see Large comma; for commas in between 30 and 100 cents in size, see Medium comma; and for commas over 3.5 cents in size, see Small comma.
Due to the wide range of sizes, cents values here and on the other commas pages are listed to 5 significant digits, instead of to a fixed number of decimal places as is the convention elsewhere on the wiki. Except for the 3-limit commas, the color name refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out.
List of commas, by prime limit
3-limit commas
- See also: Table of 3-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| 359-comma
|
Wa-359
|
w-359
|
[-569 359⟩
|
1.8453
|
| sasktel comma
|
Wa-306
|
w-306
|
[485 -306⟩
|
1.7697
|
| satanic comma
|
Wa-665
|
w-665
|
[-1054 665⟩
|
0.075575
|
| 15601-comma
|
Wa-15601
|
w-15601
|
[24727 -15601⟩
|
0.031499
|
| 31867-comma
|
Wa-31867
|
w-31867
|
[-50508 31867⟩
|
0.012577
|
| archangelic comma
|
Wa-190537 comma
|
w-190537
|
[301994 -190537⟩
|
0.000112
|
5-limit commas
- See also: Table of 5-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| dodifo
|
Quadla-sepquinyo
|
L4y35-9
|
|
[-67 -9 35⟩
|
3.3850
|
| vishnuzma, semisuper
|
Sasepbigu
|
sg144
|
6115295232/6103515625
|
[23 6 -14⟩
|
3.3380
|
| enneadeca, 19-tone-comma
|
Neyo
|
y19-4
|
19073486328125/19042491875328
|
[-14 -19 19⟩
|
2.8155
|
| vavoom comma
|
Quinla-seyo
|
L5y17-7
|
|
[-68 18 17⟩
|
2.5232
|
| tricot comma
|
Quadsa-triyo
|
s4y33
|
68719476736000/68630377364883
|
[39 -29 3⟩
|
2.2461
|
| schisma
|
Layo
|
Ly-2
|
32805/32768
|
[-15 8 1⟩
|
1.9537
|
| counterschisma
|
Tribilagu
|
L6g-5
|
|
[-69 45 -1⟩
|
1.6613
|
| septendecima
|
Lala-sebiyo
|
LLy34-8
|
|
[-52 -17 34⟩
|
1.4313
|
| hemithirds comma, lunama
|
Sasa-quintrigu
|
ssg155
|
274877906944/274658203125
|
[38 -2 -15⟩
|
1.3843
|
| minortone comma, minortonma
|
Trila-segu
|
L3g172
|
|
[-16 35 -17⟩
|
1.0919
|
| ennealimma
|
Satritribiyo
|
sy18-3
|
7629394531250/7625597484987
|
[1 -27 18⟩
|
0.86183
|
| astro
|
Tribisa-thiwegu
|
s6g3110
|
|
[91 -12 -31⟩
|
0.81486
|
| gaster comma
|
Quadbila-negu
|
L8g19-3
|
|
[-70 72 -19⟩
|
0.79950
|
| kwazy
|
Quadla-quadquadyo
|
L4y16-6
|
|
[-53 10 16⟩
|
0.56943
|
| whoosh
|
Saletrigu
|
sg337
|
|
[37 25 -33⟩
|
0.52246
|
| egads
|
Setriyo
|
y51-9
|
|
[-36 -52 51⟩
|
0.33936
|
| monzisma
|
Quinsa-yoyo
|
s5yy4
|
|
[54 -37 2⟩
|
0.29240
|
| fortune
|
Tritrila-sepbiyo
|
L9y14-9
|
|
[-107 47 14⟩
|
0.27703
|
| gross
|
Quinbisa-fosegu
|
s10g4715
|
|
[144 -22 -47⟩
|
0.24543
|
| senior
|
Quadla-sepquingu
|
L4g354
|
|
[-17 62 -35⟩
|
0.23007
|
| 665&3684 comma
|
Quintritrilayo
|
L45y-31
|
|
[-500 314 1⟩
|
0.18399
|
| raider
|
Tritrisa-thiseyo
|
s9y371
|
|
[71 -99 37⟩
|
0.062327
|
| pirate
|
Quinla-sepsepyo
|
L5y49-12
|
|
[-90 -15 49⟩
|
0.046966
|
| viking
|
Nela-siweyo
|
L19y61-23
|
|
[-251 69 61⟩
|
0.031605
|
| Kirnberger's atom
|
Sepbisa-quadtrigu
|
s14g1212
|
|
[161 -84 -12⟩
|
0.015361
|
| selenia
|
|
|
|
[-433 -137 280⟩
|
0.0047636
|
| titania
|
|
|
|
[2746 -521 -827⟩
|
0.0031829
|
| quark
|
Twethebila-sequinyo
|
|
|
[-573 237 85⟩
|
8.8361 × 10-4
|
| scamp
|
|
|
|
[-5836 4293 -417⟩
|
3.3472 × 10-5
|
| rover
|
|
|
|
[1634 1502 -1729⟩
|
2.7513 × 10-5
|
| rascal
|
|
|
|
[-7470 2791 1312⟩
|
5.9596 × 10-6
|
7-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| decovulture
|
Sasa-birugugu
|
ssrrg42
|
67108864/66976875
|
[26 -7 -4 -2⟩
|
3.4083
|
| rainy
|
Laquinzo-atriyo
|
Lz5y32
|
2100875/2097152
|
[-21 0 3 5⟩
|
3.0706
|
| pontiqak
|
Lazozotritriyo
|
Lzzy9-2
|
95703125/95551488
|
[-17 -6 9 2⟩
|
2.7452
|
| pessoalisma
|
|
|
2147483648/2144153025
|
[31 -6 -2 -6⟩
|
2.6871
|
| mitonisma
|
Laquadzo-agu
|
Lz4g2
|
5250987/5242880
|
[-20 7 -1 4⟩
|
2.6749
|
| horwell
|
Lazoquinyo
|
Lzy5-2
|
65625/65536
|
[-16 1 5 1⟩
|
2.3495
|
| forge comma
|
|
|
1640558367/163840000
|
[-19 14 -5 3⟩
|
2.2792
|
| neptunisma
|
Laruruleyo
|
Lrry11-4
|
48828125/48771072
|
[-12 -5 11 -2⟩
|
2.0240
|
| septiennealimma
|
Tritrizo
|
z95
|
40353607/40310784
|
[-11 -9 0 9⟩
|
1.8382
|
| meter
|
Latriru-asepyo
|
Lr3y7-4
|
703125/702464
|
[-11 2 7 -3⟩
|
1.6283
|
| skeetsma
|
Lala-rutrigu
|
LLrg3-2
|
14348907/14336000
|
[-14 15 -3 -1⟩
|
1.5580
|
| wizma
|
Quinzo-ayoyo
|
z5yy3
|
420175/419904
|
[-6 -8 2 5⟩
|
1.1170
|
| supermatertisma
|
Lasepru-atritriyo
|
Lr7y9-6
|
52734375/52706752
|
[-6 3 9 -7⟩
|
0.90708
|
| trienstonisma
|
Laquinru-agu
|
Lr5g-4
|
43046721/43025920
|
[-9 16 -1 -5⟩
|
0.83677
|
| breedsma
|
Bizozogu
|
z4gg3
|
2401/2400
|
[-5 -1 -2 4⟩
|
0.72120
|
| 171-9/7-comma
|
Quadtribisa-netritrizo
|
|
|
[62 -342 0 171⟩
|
0.61971
|
| supermasesquartisma
|
Laquadbiru-aquinyo
|
Lr8y5-6
|
184528125/184473632
|
[-5 10 5 -8⟩
|
0.51133
|
| 571-7-comma
|
|
|
|
[1603 0 0 -571⟩
|
0.40741
|
| ragisma
|
Zoquadyo
|
zy41
|
4375/4374
|
[-1 -7 4 1⟩
|
0.39576
|
| septiruthenia
|
Nela-lequadzo
|
L19z448
|
|
[-263 88 0 44⟩
|
0.37996
|
| akjaysma, 5\7 octave comma
|
Trisa-seprugu
|
s3r7g71
|
|
[47 -7 -7 -7⟩
|
0.33765
|
| landscape
|
Trizogugu
|
z3g63
|
250047/250000
|
[-4 6 -6 3⟩
|
0.32544
|
| izar, bapbo schismina
|
Saquadtrizo-asepgu
|
sz12g78
|
13841287201/13839609375
|
[0 -11 -7 12⟩
|
0.20987
|
| nanisma
|
Quinbisaru
|
s10r7
|
|
[109 -67 0 -1⟩
|
0.18904
|
| laleruyo (171&1547&3125)
|
Laleruyo
|
Lr11y11-8
|
3955078125/3954653486
|
[-1 4 11 -11⟩
|
0.18588
|
| 87-fold starling comma
|
Twenetri-zotrigu
|
|
|
[86 174 -261 87⟩
|
0.14469
|
| starscape
|
Latritriru-ayo
|
Lr9y-6
|
645700815/645657712
|
[-4 17 1 -9⟩
|
0.11557
|
| quinla-zoyoyo (12&53&612)
|
Quinla-zoyoyo
|
L5zzy-4
|
|
[-55 30 2 1⟩
|
0.10336
|
| euzenius
|
Sabiruquinyo
|
srry10-3
|
78125000/78121827
|
[3 -13 10 -2⟩
|
0.070314
|
| 171&1547&4973 comma
|
Satwethezo-atritribigu
|
sz23g1815
|
|
[1 -15 -18 23⟩
|
0.023986
|
| trisa-quinbiru-agu (441&1848&3125)
|
Trisa-quinbiru-agu
|
s3r10g-3
|
|
[51 -13 -1 -10⟩
|
0.012210
|
| termite
|
Satritribiru-athiseyo
|
sr18y37-14
|
|
[9 -28 37 -18⟩
|
0.0010723
|
| neutrino
|
|
|
|
[1889 -2145 138 424⟩
|
1.6361 × 10-10
|
11-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| swetisma
|
Lururuyo
|
1urry-2
|
540/539
|
[2 3 1 -2 -1⟩
|
3.2090
|
| wizardharry
|
Triluyo
|
1u3y31
|
4000/3993
|
[5 -1 3 0 -3⟩
|
3.0323
|
| symbiotic comma
|
Salozo
|
s1oz2
|
19712/19683
|
[8 -9 0 1 1⟩
|
2.5488
|
| vishdel
|
Saloquadgu
|
s1og42
|
5632/5625
|
[9 -2 -4 0 1⟩
|
2.1531
|
| nexus comma, nexisma
|
Tribilo
|
1o6-2
|
1771561/1769472
|
[-16 -3 0 0 6⟩
|
2.04265
|
| tinge
|
Lolotrizo
|
1ooz32
|
41503/41472
|
[-9 -4 0 3 2⟩
|
1.29360
|
| olympia
|
Salururu
|
s1urr1
|
131072/130977
|
[17 -5 0 -2 -1⟩
|
1.25524
|
| 11-cycle schisma, 37-11-comma
|
Quinsa-thiselu
|
s51u379
|
|
[128 0 0 0 -37⟩
|
1.2361
|
| undecimal hemifourths comma
|
Bilozogugu
|
1oozzg42
|
160083/160000
|
[-8 3 -4 2 2⟩
|
0.89784
|
| sesdecal
|
Laquadlu-asepyo
|
L1u4y7-2
|
234375/234256
|
[-4 1 7 0 -4⟩
|
0.87923
|
| frameshift comma
|
Quadla-trilu
|
L41u3-3
|
|
[-34 28 0 0 -3⟩
|
0.78620
|
| hemigail
|
Quadlo-atriru
|
1o4r3-3
|
43923/43904
|
[-7 1 0 -3 4⟩
|
0.74905
|
| lehmerisma
|
Loloruyoyo
|
1ooryy-2
|
3025/3024
|
[-4 -3 2 -1 2⟩
|
0.57240
|
| quartisma
|
Saquinlu-azo
|
s1u5z3
|
117440512/117406179
|
[24 -6 0 1 -5⟩
|
0.50619
|
| kalisma, Gauss' comma
|
Bilorugu
|
1oorrgg-2
|
9801/9800
|
[-3 4 -2 -2 2⟩
|
0.17665
|
| odiheim
|
Luluquinzo-aquadgu
|
1uuz5g44
|
151263/151250
|
[-1 2 -4 5 -2⟩
|
0.14879
|
| parimo
|
Satribilo-agu
|
s1o6g1
|
1771561/1771470
|
[-1 -11 -1 0 6⟩
|
0.088931
|
| parisma
|
Laquadlu-arurugu
|
L1u4rrg-2
|
14348907/14348180
|
[-2 15 -1 -2 -4⟩
|
0.087717
|
| ultimo
|
Quadlo-asepru-ayoyo
|
1o4r7yy-5
|
3294225/3294172
|
[-2 2 2 -7 4⟩
|
0.027854
|
| parismina
|
Sasa-quinbilo-azozo
|
ss1o10zz2
|
|
[1 -26 0 2 10⟩
|
0.0012141
|
13-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| wilschisma
|
Sathoyo
|
s3oy2
|
532480/531441
|
[13 -12 1 0 0 1⟩
|
3.3814
|
| bean
|
Sathuquinlu
|
s3u1u52
|
2097152/2093663
|
[21 0 0 0 -5 -1⟩
|
2.8826
|
| tunbarsma
|
Thuquadyo
|
3uy4-2
|
625/624
|
[-4 -1 4 0 0 -1⟩
|
2.7722
|
| island comma
|
Bithogu
|
3oogg2
|
676/675
|
[2 -3 -2 0 0 2⟩
|
2.5629
|
| squbema
|
Lathuru
|
L3ur-2
|
729/728
|
[-3 6 0 -1 0 -1⟩
|
2.3764
|
| petrma
|
Trithu-aloyoyo
|
3u31oyy-2
|
2200/2197
|
[3 0 2 0 1 -3⟩
|
2.3624
|
| nicola
|
Thululuzoyoyo
|
3u1uuzyy1
|
1575/1573
|
[0 2 2 1 -2 -1⟩
|
2.1998
|
| sinbadma
|
Tholozotrigu
|
3o1ozg32
|
1001/1000
|
[-3 0 -3 1 1 1⟩
|
1.7303
|
| cantonisma
|
Trithoru-ayo
|
3o3r3y-2
|
10985/10976
|
[-5 0 1 -3 0 3⟩
|
1.4190
|
| lummic
|
Tholotriru-agu
|
3o1or3g-2
|
1716/1715
|
[2 1 -1 -3 1 1⟩
|
1.0092
|
| ibnsinma
|
Tholuruyo
|
3o1ury1
|
2080/2079
|
[5 -3 1 -1 -1 1⟩
|
0.83252
|
| phaotic, phaotisma
|
Sathotriyo
|
s3uy31
|
256000/255879
|
[11 -9 3 0 0 -1⟩
|
0.81847
|
| schismina
|
Sathurugu
|
s3urg1
|
4096/4095
|
[12 -2 -1 -1 0 -1⟩
|
0.42272
|
| leprechaun comma
|
Thotholuyoyo
|
3oo1uyy1
|
4225/4224
|
[-7 -1 2 0 -1 2⟩
|
0.40981
|
| jacobin
|
Thotrilu-agu
|
3o1u3g2
|
6656/6655
|
[9 0 -1 0 -3 1⟩
|
0.26012
|
| harmonisma
|
Thuthutrilo-aru
|
3uu1o3r-2
|
10648/10647
|
[3 -2 0 -1 3 -2⟩
|
0.16260
|
| pentonisma
|
Saquinthuzogu
|
s3u5z5g54
|
|
[24 -5 -5 5 0 -5⟩
|
0.14765
|
| chalmersia
|
Lathotholurugugu
|
L3oo1urgg1
|
123201/123200
|
[-6 6 -2 -1 -1 2⟩
|
0.014052
|
17-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| dakotisma
|
|
|
595/594
|
[-1 -3 1 1 -1 0 1⟩
|
2.9121
|
| september comma
|
Sutholoruyo
|
17u3o1ory-2
|
715/714
|
[-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1⟩
|
2.4230
|
| horizma, horizon comma
|
Sothuzozo
|
17o3uzz2
|
833/832
|
[-6 0 0 2 0 -1 1⟩
|
2.0796
|
| ainos comma, ainma
|
Sutholugu
|
17u3o1ug1
|
936/935
|
[3 2 -1 0 -1 1 -1⟩
|
1.8506
|
| fidesma
|
|
|
2025/2023
|
[0 4 2 -1 0 0 -2⟩
|
1.7107
|
| twosquare comma
|
Sulolo
|
17u1oo-2
|
1089/1088
|
[-6 2 0 0 2 0 -1⟩
|
1.5905
|
| quadrantonisma
|
Sosolurugu
|
17oo1urg2
|
1156/1155
|
[2 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 2⟩
|
1.4983
|
| noellisma
|
Subizoyo
|
17uzzyy1
|
1225/1224
|
[-3 -2 2 2 0 0 -1⟩
|
1.4138
|
| palingenetic comma, palingenesis
|
|
|
1701/1700
|
[-2 5 -2 1 0 0 -1⟩
|
1.0181
|
| xenisma
|
Sululutrizo
|
17u1uuz32
|
2058/2057
|
[1 1 0 3 -2 0 -1⟩
|
0.84143
|
| cyclops comma
|
|
|
11016/11011
|
[3 4 0 -1 -2 -1 1⟩
|
0.78596
|
| sperasma
|
|
|
2500/2499
|
[2 -1 4 -2 0 0 -1⟩
|
0.69263
|
| sextantonisma
|
Sosothugugu
|
17oo3ugg2
|
2601/2600
|
[-3 2 -2 0 0 -1 2⟩
|
0.66573
|
| chlorisma
|
Sutriru
|
17ur3-3
|
5832/5831
|
[3 6 0 -3 0 0 -1⟩
|
0.29688
|
| (18/17)11(16/15) comma
|
Lalesu-agu
|
L17u11g-7
|
|
[14 21 -1 0 0 0 -11⟩
|
0.23180
|
| flashma
|
Sotholuzotrigu
|
17o3o1uzg33
|
12376/12375
|
[3 -2 -3 1 -1 1 1⟩
|
0.13989
|
| sparkisma
|
Sululuruyoyo
|
17u1uuryy-2
|
14400/14399
|
[6 2 2 -1 -2 0 -1⟩
|
0.12023
|
| scintillisma
|
Lasuthuluquadzo-agu
|
L17u3u1uz4g2
|
194481/194480
|
[-4 4 -1 4 -1 -1 -1⟩
|
0.0089018
|
19-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
undevicesimal comma, undevicesimal schisma[1],
Boethius' comma, Hunt 19-minor mediant comma
|
Lano
|
L19o1
|
513/512
|
[-9 3 0 0 0 0 0 1⟩
|
3.3780
|
| password, Eratosthenes' comma
|
Sanogu
|
s19og2
|
1216/1215
|
[6 -5 -1 0 0 0 0 1⟩
|
1.4243
|
| aureusma
|
Nunusosoyo
|
19uu17ooy1
|
1445/1444
|
[-2 0 1 0 0 0 2 -2⟩
|
1.1985
|
| pinkanberry
|
Nuthothogu
|
19u3o3og1
|
1521/1520
|
[-4 2 -1 0 0 2 0 -1⟩
|
1.1386
|
| ramanujanisma
|
Nothozo
|
19o3oz2
|
1729/1728
|
[-6 -3 0 1 0 1 0 1⟩
|
1.0016
|
| Blumeyer comma
|
Nosuthulu
|
19o17u3u1u1
|
2432/2431
|
[7 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 1⟩
|
0.71200
|
| BMO schismina
|
Sabinothu
|
s19oo3uu2
|
369664/369603
|
[10 -7 0 0 0 -2 0 2⟩
|
0.28570
|
| frouggie comma
|
Nusuquinthu-aquadlo
|
19u17u3u51o4-3
|
119939072/119927639
|
[13 0 0 0 4 -5 -1 -1⟩
|
0.16503
|
| pollar comma
|
Nunusuquintho-alulu
|
19uu17u3o51uu1
|
742586/742577
|
[1 0 0 0 -2 5 -1 -2⟩
|
0.020982
|
| decimillisma, 19-limit decimill
|
Sanosorurutrigu
|
s19o17orrg32
|
165376/165375
|
[9 -3 -3 -2 0 0 1 1⟩
|
0.010469
|
23-limit commas
Higher-limit commas
| Name(s)
|
Color Name
|
Ratio
|
Monzo
|
Cents
|
| cmloegcmluinisma (/ˈʃmlɛg.ʃmlɪ.nɪs.mə/)
|
Twenutwethonu
|
29u23o19u1
|
552/551
|
2.3.19.23.29 [3 1 -1 1 -1⟩
|
3.13914
|
| owowhatsthisma
|
Thiwutwethogu
|
31u23og2
|
621/620
|
2.3.5.23.31 [-2 3 -1 1 -1⟩
|
2.79006
|
| minimyna
|
Thisunulo
|
37u19u1o-2
|
704/703
|
2.11.19.37 [6 1 -1 -1⟩
|
2.46088
|
| eroğluisma
|
Bifowutweno
|
41uu29oo2
|
1682/1681
|
2.29.41 [1 2 -2⟩
|
1.02958
|
| misericorde
|
Thisuthulozoyoyo
|
37u3u1ozyy-2
|
1925/1924
|
2.5.7.11.13.37 [-2 2 1 1 -1 -1⟩
|
0.89958
|
| yunzee comma
|
Lathiwuzozo
|
L31uzz2
|
3969/3968
|
2.3.7.31 [-7 4 2 -1⟩
|
0.43624
|
| pulsar comma
|
|
|
7777/7776
|
2.3.7.11.101 [-5 -5 1 1 1⟩
|
0.22262
|
| palimilli
|
|
1003001o23o1u1
|
23069023/23068672
|
2.11.23.1003001 [-21 -1 1 1⟩
|
0.026341
|
Notes