Small comma

From Xenharmonic Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search

A small comma is a comma whose size is approximately between 3.5 and 30 cents. These intervals are in the range from just noticeable up to usable as melodic steps. The actual perception of course varies.

For commas over 100 cents in size, see Large comma; for commas in between 30 and 100 cents in size, see Medium comma; and for commas under 3.5 cents in size, see Unnoticeable comma.

Due to the wide range of sizes, cents values here and on the other commas pages are listed to 5 significant digits, instead of to a fixed number of decimal places as is the convention elsewhere on the wiki.

The commas might be numerous, but there is no need to memorise all the names. For pretty much all use cases, it is perfectly acceptable – preferred, even – to just refer to a comma by the monzo or ratio, whichever is simpler.

List of commas, by prime limit

3-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
241-comma Wa-241 w-241 [382 -241 28.845
65-comma,
Pythagorean septimal comma
Wa-65 w-65 [-103 65 27.075
Pythagorean comma Lalawa LLw-2 531441 / 524288 [-19 12 23.460
41-comma, Pythagorean countercomma,
countercomp comma
Wa-41 w-41 (40 digits) [65 -41 19.845 Flora Canou (2022)
94-comma, garistearn comma Wa-94 w-94 [149 -94 16.230 Xenllium (2021)
147-comma Wa-147 w-147 [233 -147 12.615
200-comma,
Pythagorean integer-cent ET comma
Wa-200 w-200 [317 -200 8.9998
253-comma Wa-253 w-253 [401 -253 5.3848
Mercator's comma, 53-comma Wa-53 w-53 (52 digits) [-84 53 3.6150

5-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Magic comma, small diesis Laquinyo L5y-2 3125 / 3072 [-10 -1 5 29.614
Hendecatonic comma Trisa-legu 3s11g5 8796093022208 / 8649755859375 [43 -11 -11 29.044
Tetracot comma, minimal diesis Saquadyo s4y1 20000 / 19683 [5 -9 4 27.660
Semaja comma Lalaneyo LL19y-5 19073486328125 / 18786186952704 [-33 -7 19 26.276 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Quanic comma Sepsa-quinyo 7s5y5 [74 -54 5 25.999
Roda, rodan comma Sasa-triyo ss3y2 131072000 / 129140163 [20 -17 3 25.706
Gracecordial comma Trilayo 3Ly-3 17433922005 / 17179869184 [-34 20 1 25.414
Trisedodge comma Saquintrigu s15g4 30958682112 / 30517578125 [19 10 -15 24.844 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Birds comma Quadsa-thiwegu 4s31g9 [72 0 -31 24.275
Neuk comma Trisa-yoyo 3syy3 858993459200 / 847288609443 [35 -25 2 23.752 CompactStar (2023)
Maja comma Saseyo s17y-3 762939453125 / 753145430616 [-3 -23 17 22.368 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Satin comma Quinbisa-triyo 10s3y7 [104 -70 3 22.091
Misneb comma Quadla-quintriyo 4L15y-6 (36 digits) [-57 14 15 22.076 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Syntonic comma, Didymus comma, meantone comma Gu g1 81 / 80 [-4 4 -1 21.506
Maquila comma Trisa-segu 3s17g6 562949953421312 / 556182861328125 [49 -6 -17 20.937 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Sfourth comma Lala-negu LL19g3 617673396283947 / 610351562500000 [-5 31 -19 20.644 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Diaschisma Sagugu sgg2 2048 / 2025 [11 -4 -2 19.553 Hermann von Helmholtz, Alexander Ellis (1875)
Countermeantone comma Quinquadgu 20g4 96402615118848 / 95367431640625 [10 23 -20 18.691 Petr Pařízek (2012)
Ditonma Lala-theyo LL13y-4 1220703125 / 1207959552 [-27 -2 13 18.168 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Misty comma Sasa-trigu ss3g3 67108864 / 66430125 [26 -12 -3 17.599 Paul Erlich (2002)
Quintile comma Trila-quingu 3L5g-2 847288609443 / 838860800000 [-28 25 -5 17.306 See the dedicated page.
Enneadecacot comma Tribisa-negu 6s19g8 562949953421312 / 557439598640741 [79 -22 -19 17.029 CompactStar (2024)
Oquatonic comma Quadla-sepquadyo 4L28y-8 (40 digits) [-65 0 28 16.784 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Undim comma Trisa-quadgu 3s4g4 2199023255552 / 2179240250625 [41 -20 -4 15.645 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Graviton, gravity comma Lala-tribigu LL6g1 129140163 / 128000000 [-13 17 -6 15.353 Mike Battaglia (2011)
Majvam comma Sasa-lebigu ss22g6 (32 digits) [40 7 -22 14.783 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Quartonic comma Saleyo s11y-2 390625000 / 387420489 [3 -18 11 14.261
Untritonic comma Quadla-tritriyo 4L9y-5 (32 digits) [-51 19 9 13.968 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Quindromeda comma Quinsa-quingu 5s5g5 (34 digits) [56 -28 -5 13.691 Xenllium (2021)
Sensipent comma, medium semicomma Sepgu 7g2 78732 / 78125 [2 9 -7 13.399
Copper comma Theneyo 41L29y-33 [-481 261 29 13.353 Eliora (2023)
Counterwürschmidt comma Trisa-twethegu 3s23g7 (34 digits) [55 -1 -23 12.830 Flora Canou (2023)
Tertiosec comma Laquadtribiyo 6L24y-9 [-89 21 24 12.584 Petr Pařízek (2012)
Würschmidt comma Saquadbigu s8g3 393216 / 390625 [17 1 -8 11.445
Bicommatic comma Quadla-quinbigu 4L10g-2 (38 digits) [-37 38 -10 11.153
Counterhanson comma Quinquinyo 25y-5 (36 digits) [-20 -24 25 10.923 Petr Pařízek (2012)
Countritonic comma Quadsa-tritriyo 4s9y2 (34 digits) [33 -34 9 10.353 Xenllium (2022)
Semicomma, Fokker's comma Lasepyo L7y-3 2109375 / 2097152 [-21 3 7 10.061
Heptacot comma Sepsa-sepgu 7s7g7 [86 -44 -7 9.7840 Tristan Bay (2024)
Escapade comma Sasa-tritrigu ss9g4 4294967296 / 4271484375 [32 -7 -9 9.4916 Paul Erlich (2002)
Kleisma, semicomma majeur Tribiyo 6y-2 15625 / 15552 [-6 -5 6 8.1073 Shohé Tanaka (1890)
Quintosec comma Quadsa-quinbigu 4s10g5 140737488355328 / 140126044921875 [47 -15 -10 7.5378 Petr Pařízek (2012)
59-5-comma Quadbisa-finegu 8s59g16 [137 0 -59 7.4909
Unidecma Laquadtrigu L12g2 31381059609 / 31250000000 [-7 22 -12 7.2455
Mutt comma Trila-septriyo 3L21y-6 476837158203125 / 474989023199232 [-44 -3 21 6.7230 Gene Ward Smith (2004)
Sulfur comma Lela-quadquadgu 11L16g-6 [-115 96 -16 6.6607
Amity comma Saquinyo s5y1 1600000 / 1594323 [9 -13 5 6.1536 Gene Ward Smith (2001)
Parakleisma Thegu 13g3 1224440064 / 1220703125 [8 14 -13 5.2917 Gene Ward Smith (2001)
Gammic comma Laquinquadyo L20y-5 95367431640625 / 95105071448064 [-29 -11 20 4.7693
Squarschmidt comma Quadsa-twenegu 4s29g8 (42 digits) [61 4 -29 4.7223 Petr Pařízek (2012)
Huntian 15-cycle comma Quadtrisa-fothegu 12s43g16 [168 -43 -43 4.4453
Barium comma Quadtribila-sepquadbigu 24L56g-8 [-225 224 -56 4.3522 Eliora (2023)
Vulture comma Sasa-quadyo ss4y2 10485760000 / 10460353203 [24 -21 4 4.1998 Paul Erlich (2002)
Dipromethia Thebila-siweyo 26L61y-28 [-335 122 61 3.6467 Eliora (2023)
Lafa comma Tribisa-quadtrigu 6s12g7 [77 -31 -12 3.6304 Petr Pařízek (2011)

7-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Schismean comma Laruyo Lry-2 3645 / 3584 [-9 6 1 -1 29.218 Xenllium (2022)
Doublehearted comma Quadbizo 8z5 5764801 / 5668704 [-5 -11 0 8 29.102 Xenllium (2023)
Frostburn comma Quadru-asepyo 4ra7y-4 78125 / 76832 [-5 0 7 -4 28.892
Senga Trizo-agugu 3zagg3 686 / 675 [1 -3 -2 3 27.985 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
23-21-comma Sepla-twethezo 7L23z7 [-101 23 0 23 27.961
Septimal comma, Archytas' comma, Leipziger Komma Ru r1 64 / 63 [6 -2 0 -1 27.264
Mandos comma Birugugu 2rgg1 31104 / 30625 [7 5 -4 -2 26.868
Slither comma Satritriru-aquadyo s9ra4y-5 40960000 / 40353607 [16 0 4 -9 25.822 Xenllium (2022)
Bastille comma [1426 0 -596 -15 24.638 Eliora (2023)
33-7/5-comma Letrizogu 33zg21 [-16 0 -33 33 22.902
Huntian 35-cycle comma Quintrisa-tritritribirugu 15s54rg-6 [277 0 -54 -54 22.461
Blackjackisma Lasepru-aquadbiyo L7ra8y-6 854296875 / 843308032 [-10 7 8 -7 22.413 Gene Ward Smith (2011)
Squalentine comma Laquadzo-atrigu L4za3g3 64827 / 64000 [-9 3 -3 4 22.227
Keema Zotriyo z3y1 875 / 864 [-5 -3 3 1 21.902 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Betelgeuse comma Satritrizo-agugu s9zagg6 40353607 / 39858075 [0 -13 -2 9 21.391
Gariboh comma Triru-aquinyo 3ra5y-3 3125 / 3087 [0 -2 5 -3 21.181 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Secanticornisma Laruquingu Lr5g1 177147 / 175000 [-3 11 -5 -1 21.111 Xenllium (2021)
Nuwell comma Quadru-ayo 4ray-3 2430 / 2401 [1 5 1 -4 20.785 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Mermisma Sepruyo 7ry-5 2500000 / 2470629 [5 -1 7 -7 20.460 Xenllium (2021)
Negricorn comma, small quadruple bluish Saquadzogu s4zg4 153664 / 151875 [6 -5 -4 4 20.274 Xenllium (2021)
Tolerant comma Sazoyoyo szyy2 179200 / 177147 [10 -11 2 1 19.948
Icosipentatonic comma, 25-36/35-comma Quinquinrugu 25rg-8 [49 50 -25 -25 19.260
Valenwuer comma Sarutribigu sr6g1 110592 / 109375 [12 3 -6 -1 19.157 Xenllium (2021)
Buzzardsma, buzzard comma Saquadru s4r-2 65536 / 64827 [16 -3 0 -4 18.831 See the page.
Huntian 21-cycle comma Quadbisa-sepquadru 8s28r-8 [123 -28 0 -28 18.135
Mirwomo comma Labizoyo L2zy1 33075 / 32768 [-15 3 2 2 16.144
Catasyc comma Laruquadbiyo Lr8y-3 390625 / 387072 [-11 -3 8 -1 15.819 Xenllium (2021)
Compass comma Quinruyoyo 5ryy-5 9765625 / 9680832 [-6 -2 10 -5 15.098 Xenllium (2021)
Trimyna comma Quinzogu 5zg4 50421 / 50000 [-4 1 -5 5 14.516
Sensamagic comma Zozoyo zzy2 245 / 243 [0 -5 1 2 14.191 Gene Ward Smith (2010)
Starling comma, septimal semicomma Zotrigu z3g2 126 / 125 [1 2 -3 1 13.795
Slendro 34-comma Quinla-sequadzo 5L68z28 [-137 -34 0 68 13.692
Octagar comma Rurutriyo rr3y-2 4000 / 3969 [5 -4 3 -2 13.469 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Orwellisma Triru-agu 3rag-2 1728 / 1715 [6 3 -1 -3 13.074
Mynaslender comma Sepru-ayo 7ray-4 829440 / 823543 [11 4 1 -7 12.352 Xenllium (2021)
35-7/5-comma Sepquinruyo 35ry-22 [17 0 35 -35 12.073
Chromatisma Trisa-triru-aquadquadyo 3s3ra16y-3 (36 digits) [22 -32 16 -3 11.982 Xenllium (2021)
Mistisma Sazoquadgu sz4g3 458752 / 455625 [16 -6 -4 1 11.841 Xenllium (2021)
Bronzisma Satriru-agugu s3ragg1 2097152 / 2083725 [21 -5 -2 -3 11.120 Xenllium (2021)
34-jubilismic comma Sequadzogu 68zg42 [-33 0 -68 68 10.829
26-7-comma, Hunt 7-cycle comma Quadsa-thebiru 4s26r-10 (44 digits) [73 0 0 -26 10.526
Septiness comma Sasasepru ss7r-3 67108864 / 66706983 [26 -4 0 -7 10.399 Xenllium (2021)
31-35-comma Tritrila-thiwezoyo 9L31zy4 [-159 0 31 31 9.3282
Quince comma Lasepzo-agugu L7zagg4 823543 / 819200 [-15 0 -2 7 9.1539
Quadzoyo Quadzoyo 4zy2 1500625 / 1492992 |-11 -6 4 4⟩ 8.8285 Kite Giedraitis (2025)
Historisma Latribizogu L6zg4 257298363 / 256000000 [-14 7 -6 6 8.7582 ArrowHead294 (2024)
Gamelisma Latrizo L3z2 1029 / 1024 [-10 1 0 3 8.4327
Varunisma Labizogugu L2zgg2 321489 / 320000 [-9 8 -4 2 8.0370
Marvel comma, septimal kleisma Ruyoyo ryy-2 225 / 224 [-5 2 2 -1 7.7115 Gene Ward Smith (2003)
Dimcomp comma Quadruyoyo 4ryy-4 390625 / 388962 [-1 -4 8 -4 7.3861
Cataharry comma Labirugu L2rg-2 19683 / 19600 [-4 9 -2 -2 7.3158 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Procyon comma Sasepzo-atrigu s7za3g5 823543 / 820125 [0 -8 -3 7 7.2002
Qiqi comma Sepruyoyo 7ryy-6 48828125000 / 48629390607 [3 -10 14 -7 7.0606 Ange (2025)
Mirkwai comma Quinru-aquadyo 5ra4y-4 16875 / 16807 [0 3 4 -5 6.9903 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Canousma Saquadzo-atriyo s4za3y3 4802000 / 4782969 [4 -14 3 4 6.8748 Flora Canou (2020)
Triwellisma Tribizo-asepgu 6za7g5 235298 / 234375 [1 -1 -7 6 6.8044 Xenllium (2021)
Stearnsma Latribiru L6r-4 118098 / 117649 [1 10 0 -6 6.5946
Hemimage comma Satrizo-agu s3zag3 10976 / 10935 [5 -7 -1 3 6.4790 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Hemimean comma Zozoquingu zz5g3 3136 / 3125 [6 0 -5 2 6.0832 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Hemifamity comma, 5/7-kleisma Saruyo sry1 5120 / 5103 [10 -6 1 -1 5.7578 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Parkleiness comma Zotritrigu z9g3 1959552 / 1953125 [7 7 -9 1 5.6875 Xenllium (2021)
Octaphore comma, enneagari comma Sasa-quadbizo ss8z6 94450499584 / 94143178827 [14 -23 0 8 5.6422 Unque (2024)
Linus comma Saquinbizogu s10zg8 578509309952 / 576650390625 [11 -10 -10 10 5.5719 Gene Ward Smith (2011)
Reiwa comma Saquadru-asepyo s4ra7y-3 1280000000 / 1275989841 [14 -12 7 -4 5.4324 Flora Canou (2022)
Porwell comma Sarurutrigu srr3g1 6144 / 6125 [11 1 -3 -2 5.3620 Gene Ward Smith, Petr Pařízek (2010)
Cartoonisma Satritrizo-asepbigu s9za14g8 165288374272 / 164794921875 [12 -3 -14 9 5.1762 Eliora (2023)
Hemfiness comma Saquadru-atriyo s4ra3y-3 4096000 / 4084101 [15 -5 3 -5 5.0366 Xenllium (2021)
Acrodec comma Sasa-tribizo-aquadbigu ss6za8g6 7710244864 / 7688671875 [16 -9 -8 6 4.8507 Xenllium (2022)
Hewuermera comma Satribiru-agu s6rag-3 589824 / 588245 [16 2 -1 -6 4.6408 Xenllium (2021)
Hearts comma Trila-quadzo 3L4z1 34451725707 / 34359738368 [-35 15 0 4 4.6286 Xenllium (2023)
Lokisma, loki comma Sasa-bizotrigu ss2z3g4 102760448 / 102515625 [21 -8 -6 2 4.1295 Xenllium (2021)
Garischisma, septimal schisma Sasaru ssr2 33554432 / 33480783 [25 -14 0 -1 3.8041
Wadisma Latritrizo-ayo L9zay4 201768035 / 201326592 [-26 -1 1 9 3.7919
Septimal enneadeca Quinla-neru 5L19r-13 (56 digits) [-37 57 0 -19 3.7428 Godtone (2024)
Quasiorwellisma Sazoquinbigu sz10g4 29360128 / 29296875 [22 -1 -10 1 3.7338

11-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Dew comma Salo s1o2 180224 / 177147 [14 -11 0 0 1 29.812 CompactStar (2023)
Thuja comma Saquinlu-ayo s5(1u)y2 163840 / 161051 [15 0 1 0 -5 29.724
Quadrikite comma Luruquadyo 1ur4y-2 625 / 616 [-3 0 4 -1 -1 25.111 Praveen Venkataramana, Lumi Pakkanen (2022)
Large tetracot diesis Trilu-ayoyo 3(1u)yy1 1350 / 1331 [1 3 2 0 -3 24.539 ArrowHead294 (2024)
Sensmus comma Salozogu s1ozg2 1232 / 1215 [4 -5 -1 1 1 24.055
Sevnothrush comma Loquingu 1o5g2 3168 / 3125 [5 2 -5 0 1 23.659
Frostma Biluzo-ayo 2(1uz)y2 245 / 242 [-1 0 1 2 -2 21.330 Praveen Venkataramana (2022)
Distarma Trilozo 3(1o)z1 9317 / 9216 [-10 -2 0 1 3 18.869 Lilly Flores (2023)
Antimisma Lobizogu 1o2zg2 1617 / 1600 [-6 1 -2 2 1 18.297 Jerdle (2021)
Mothwellsma Loruru 1orr-2 99 / 98 [-1 2 0 -2 1 17.576
Fifthchromisma Saquinlo-ayo s5(1o)y1 1610510 / 1594323 [1 -13 1 0 5 17.488 Xenllium (2025)
Ptolemisma Luyoyo 1uyy1 100 / 99 [2 -2 2 0 -1 17.399
Hemimin comma Trilu-azo 3(1u)z2 1344 / 1331 [6 1 0 1 -3 16.827
Betarabian comma Lalolo L1oo-2 264627 / 262144 [-18 7 0 0 2 16.321 Dawson Berry (2020)
Biyatisma Lologu 1oog1 121 / 120 [-3 -1 -1 0 2 14.367 Gene Ward Smith (2010)
Absinthma Luluruyo 1uury1 2560 / 2541 [9 -1 1 -1 -2 12.897 Jerdle (2023)
35/11 kleisma Laluzoyo L1uzy1 2835 / 2816 [-8 4 1 1 -1 11.642
Aphrowe comma Trilo-aruru 3(1o)rr-2 1331 / 1323 [0 -3 0 -2 3 10.437 Lériendil (2024)
Small tetracot diesis Saloyoyo s1oyy1 2200 / 2187 [3 -7 2 0 1 10.260 ArrowHead294
Valinorsma Lorugugu 1orgg1 176 / 175 [4 0 -2 -1 1 9.8646
Pentacircle comma Saluzo s1uz2 896 / 891 [7 -4 0 1 -1 9.6880
Alpharabian comma Laquadlo L4(1o)-2 131769 / 131072 [-17 2 0 0 4 9.1818 Dawson Berry (2020)
Orgonisma Satrilu-aruru s3(1u)rr1 65536 / 65219 [16 0 0 -2 -3 8.3944
Quindecic comma Sasa-quintriloru ss15(1or)-8 [14 -15 0 -15 15 8.0555
117649/117128 Bilulutrizo-a 2(1uu3z)4 117649 / 117128 [-3 0 0 6 -4 7.6837
Topsy comma Quadlo-atrizo-asepgu 4(1o)3za7g3 5021863 / 5000000 [-6 0 -7 3 4 7.5535
Fantares comma Luluzoquadyo 1uuz4y1 4375 / 4356 [-2 -2 4 1 -2 7.5349 Xenllium (2021)
Semicanousma Quadlo-agu 4(1o)g1 14641 / 14580 [-2 -6 -1 0 4 7.2281 Flora Canou (2020)
Rastma Lulu 1uu1 243 / 242 [-1 5 0 0 -2 7.1391
Myhemiwell comma Lolozotrigu 1ooz3g2 3388 / 3375 [2 -3 -3 1 2 6.6556
Pythrabian comma Trisalo 3s1o 94489280512 / 94143178827 [33 -23 0 0 1 6.3529 Dawson Berry (2021)
Semiporwellisma Salulugu s1uug2 16384 / 16335 [14 -3 -1 0 -2 5.1854 Flora Canou (2021)
Octatonic comma, undecimal octatonic comma Quadbilu 8(1u)2 214990848 / 214358881 [15 8 0 0 -8 5.0965 Eliora (2023)
Keenanisma Lozoyo 1ozy1 385 / 384 [-7 -1 1 1 1 4.5026 Paul Erlich (2001)
Trimitone comma Lalotrigu L1o3g1 8019 / 8000 [-6 6 -3 0 1 4.1068 Godtone (2021)
4-cent comma Lutritryo 1u9y-2 1953125 / 1948617 [0 -11 9 0 -1 4.0004 Jerdle (2021)
Werckisma Luzozogu 1uzzg2 441 / 440 [-3 2 -1 2 -1 3.9302
Moctdel comma Lotriruyo 1o3ry-3 1375 / 1372 [-2 0 3 -3 1 3.7814
Unisquarisma, unisquary comma Trilu-aquadzo-ayo 3(1u)4zay3 12005 / 11979 [0 -2 1 4 -3 3.7535 Xenllium (2024)
Liganellus comma, liganellisma Luruquinyo 1ur5y-2 6250 / 6237 [1 -4 5 -1 -1 3.6047 Dawson Berry (2020)

13-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Lovecraft comma Thothotrilu 3oo3(1u)2 1352/1331 [3 0 0 0 -3 2 27.101
Wilsorma Thoyo 3oy1 65/64 [-6 0 1 0 0 1 26.841
Hyperpyth comma Quadtho-aquingu 4(3o)5g3 28561/28125 [0 -2 -5 0 0 4 26.632
Winmeanma Thulogu 3u1og1 66/65 [1 1 -1 0 1 -1 26.432
Sooty fox comma Thuthutrizo 3uu3z2 343/338 [1 0 0 3 0 -2 25.422 Budjarn Lambeth (2024)
Tetris comma Satho s3o2 6656/6561 [9 -8 0 0 0 1 24.888 Godtone (2024)
Large semisixthma Thothotrigu 3oo3g2 507/500 [-2 1 -3 0 0 2 24.069 Xenllium (2024)
Negustma Tholuru 3o1ur1 78/77 [1 1 0 -1 -1 1 22.339
Greater tendoneutralisma Laquadbitho L8(3o)2 815730721 / 805306368 [-28 -1 0 0 0 8 22.266 Godtone (2024)
Biome comma, superleap comma Thozogu 3ozg2 91/90 [-1 -2 -1 1 0 1 19.130
Diahuntmisma Labithozo L2(3oz)2 8281/8192 [-13 0 0 2 0 2 18.707 Xenllium (2022)
Tridecimal neutral thirds comma Thuthu 3uu1 512/507 [9 -1 0 0 0 -2 16.990
Animist comma Thuzoyo 3uzy1 105/104 [-3 1 1 1 0 -1 16.567
Tesseract comma Quadthuzo 4(3uz)2 28812/28561 [2 1 0 4 0 -4 15.148 Unque (2025)
832/825 Tholugugu 3o1ugg2 832/825 [6 -1 -2 0 -1 1 14.627
Secorian comma Sathuzo s3uz2 28672 / 28431 [12 -7 0 1 0 -1 14.613
Mosaic comma Lathoruru L3orr-2 3159/3136 [-6 5 0 -2 0 1 12.651
Gassorma Thuloruyoyo 3u1oryy-2 275/273 [0 -1 2 -1 1 -1 12.637
Grossma Thulu 3u1u1 144/143 [4 2 0 0 -1 -1 12.064
24167/24000 Tritho-alotrigu 3(3o)1o3g2 24167/24000 [-6 -1 -3 0 1 3 12.005
Lesser tendoneutralisma Sasa-quadtrithu ss12(3u)-2 70368744177664 / 69894255367443 [46 -1 0 0 0 -12 11.713 Godtone (2024)
Dinos comma Lathuthuquingu L3uu5g1 531441/528125 [0 12 -5 0 0 -2 10.836 Dummy Index (2024)
Buzurgisma, dhanvantarisma Thothoru 3oor1 169/168 [-3 -1 0 -1 0 2 10.274 Margo Schulter (2012) for buzurgisma
Diagassormisma Bitholugu 2(3o1ug)2 3042/3025 [1 2 -2 0 -2 2 9.7020 Xenllium (2022)
Greater nelindic comma Thothoquinru-ayoyo 3oo5rayy-3 16900/16807 [2 0 2 -5 0 2 9.5532 Kaiveran (2019)
Catadictma Thologu 3o1og1 1287/1280 [-8 2 -1 0 1 1 9.4419
Glacier comma Quinthu 5(3u)-2 373248/371293 [9 6 0 0 0 -5 9.0917 ArrowHead294 (2024)
Mynucuma Thuzozogu 3uzzg2 196/195 [2 -1 -1 2 0 -1 8.8554
Sopreisma Tholururutriyo 3urr3y-2 1625/1617 [0 -1 3 -2 -1 1 8.54405 Recentlymaterialized (2024)
Huntma, lesser nelindic comma Thururuyo 3urry-2 640/637 [7 0 1 -2 0 -1 8.1342 Kaiveran (2019) for lesser nelindic comma
Threedie Satritho s3(3o)2 2197/2187 [0 -7 0 0 0 3 7.8980
Tridecimal nakaisma Quinsa-quadtritrithu-azo 5s36(3u)z-4 [132 -1 0 1 0 -36 7.8751 Misohito Nakai (2025)
Hebrewsma Tritho-aruquadgu 3(3o)r4g2 4394/4375 [1 0 -4 -1 0 3 7.5022 Eliora (2022)
Kestrel comma Thuthuloru 3uu1or-2 1188/1183 [2 3 0 -1 1 -2 7.3017 Gene Ward Smith (2011)
2D9 comma Thotriyo 3o3y7 131625/131072 [-17 4 3 0 0 1 7.2888 Figreflekt (2023) but revised later[dead link]
Brontesisma Trithu-azozoyo 3(3u)zzy1 2205/2197 [0 2 1 2 0 -3 6.2925 Francium (2025)
Praveensma Thoquadzo 3o4z3 31213/31104 [-7 -5 0 4 0 1 6.0563 Praveen Venkataramana (2022)
Lambeth comma Thobiloru 3o2(1or)-2 1573/1568 [-5 0 0 -2 2 1 5.5117 Flora Canou (2022)
Marveltwin comma Thoyoyo 3oyy1 325/324 [-2 -4 2 0 0 1 5.3351
Valerisma, Hunt 13-cycle comma Laquinbitho L10(3o)2 137858491849 / 137438953472 [-37 0 0 0 0 10 5.2766 Mason Green (2016)
Ratwolfsma Thorugugu 3orgg1 351/350 [-1 3 -2 -1 0 1 4.9393
Major minthma, major gentle comma, 11/13-kleisma Thulo 3u1o1 352/351 [5 -3 0 0 1 -1 4.9253 See the page.
Minor minthma, minor gentle comma Tholuluzo 3o1uuz2 364/363 [2 -1 0 1 -2 1 4.7627 See the page.
Cuthbert comma Bithulo-azogu 2(3u1o)zg1 847/845 [0 0 -1 1 2 -2 4.0928

17-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
2048/2023 Susuru 17uur-2 2048/2023 [11 0 0 -1 0 0 -2 21.263
Monk comma Soruyo 17ory1 85/84 [-2 -1 1 -1 0 0 1 20.488 Xenllium (2023)
Lum comma Sosothulu 17oo3u1u2 289/286 [-1 0 0 0 -1 -1 2 18.065
Mey comma Sutritho 17u3(3o)1 2197/2176 [-7 0 0 0 0 3 -1 16.628
Middle semisixthma Suthologugu 17u3o1ogg1 429/425 [0 1 -2 0 1 1 -1 16.218 Xenllium (2024)
Septendecimal comma, Hunt flat 2 comma Laso L17o1 4131/4096 [-12 5 0 0 0 0 1 14.730 Flora Canou (2020) for septendecimal comma
Lynchisma Suruyo 17ury-2 120/119 [3 1 1 -1 0 0 -1 14.487 Xenllium (2022)
23-17-comma, 23 semitone comma Trila-twetheso 3L23(17o)10 [-94 0 0 0 0 0 23 13.974
Diatisma, diatic comma,
fiventeen comma, septendecimal semicomma
Sogu 17og2 136/135 [3 -3 -1 0 0 0 1 12.777 See the page.
Augustma Sulozo 17u1oz1 154/153 [1 -2 0 1 1 0 -1 11.278 Xenllium (2023)
Major naiadma Sothuthuyo 17o3uuy1 170/169 [1 0 1 0 0 -2 1 10.214 Xenllium (2023)
Septendecimal schisma Lasu L17u-2 2187/2176 [-7 7 0 0 0 0 -1 8.7296 Plainsound Music Edition (2020)
Small semisixthma Susulologu 17uu1oog-2 1452/1445 [2 1 -1 0 2 0 -2 8.3664 Xenllium (2024)
Mean thirds comma Lasosoyo L17ooy1 1053405/1048576 [-20 6 1 0 0 0 2 7.9545 Jerdle (2022)
Minor naiadma Sotholugu 17o3o1ug2 221/220 [-2 0 -1 0 -1 1 1 7.8514 Xenllium (2023)
Blume comma Sololo 17o1oo1 2057/2048 [-11 0 0 0 2 0 1 7.5913 Douglas Blumeyer
Charisma, charic comma,
septendecimal kleisma
Sugu 17ug1 256/255 [8 -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 6.7759 See the page.
Tannisma, prototannisma Suthozo 17u3oz1 273/272 [-4 1 0 1 0 1 -1 6.3532 Scott Dakota (2017) for tannisma
Flora Canou (2023) for prototannisma
Semitonisma, septendecimal semitones comma, septendecimal 6-cent comma Soso 17oo2 289/288 [-5 -2 0 0 0 0 2 6.0008 Flora Canou (2023) for semitonisma
Ursulisma Sulutriyo 17u1u3y-2 375/374 [-1 1 3 0 -1 0 -1 4.6228 Dawson Berry, VIxen (2023)
Seminaiadma Sothoruru 17o3orr1 442/441 [1 -2 0 -2 0 1 1 3.9213 Xenllium (2023)
80-17-comma, 17-ripple integer cents comma[clarification needed] Lesa-quinquadquadsu 11s80(17u)-32 [327 0 0 0 0 0 -80 3.5672 Eliora (2022) for 80-17-comma

19-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
135/133 Nuruyo 19ury-2 135/133 [0 3 1 -1 0 0 0 -1 25.84
Large undevicesimal 1/9-tone Nogugu 19ogg2 76/75 [2 -1 -2 0 0 0 0 1 22.931 Xenllium (2023)
Small undevicesimal 1/9-tone Nulozo 19u1oz1 77/76 [-2 0 0 1 1 0 0 -1 22.631 Xenllium (2023)
19th-partial chroma Nugu 19ug1 96/95 [5 1 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 18.128 Flirora (2021)
Ume comma Nutriso 19u3(17o)2 4913/4864 [-8 0 0 0 0 0 3 -1 17.353
Undevicesimal diaschisma Lanunu L19uu-2 729/722 [-1 6 0 0 0 0 0 -2 16.704 Xenllium (2024)
Deviaug comma Trinu 3(19u)-2 6912/6859 [8 3 0 0 0 0 0 -3 13.326 Xenllium (2025)
Minithirdma Noluzo 19o1uz2 133/132 [-2 -1 0 1 -1 0 0 1 13.066 Xenllium (2023)
Ganassisma, Ganassi's comma Nuso 19u17o1 153/152 [-3 2 0 0 0 0 1 -1 11.352 +merlan #flirora (2021)
Malcolmisma Nosugu 19o17ug1 171/170 [-1 2 -1 0 0 0 -1 1 10.154 Xenllium (2023)
Undevicesimal Diminished Comma, Hunt 19-cycle comma Saquadnu s4(19u)-2 131072 / 130321 [17 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4 9.9479
Eye comma Nubisolu 19u2(17o1u)2 2312/2299 [3 0 0 0 -2 0 2 -1 9.7619
Godzillisma Binulo 2(19u1o)-2 363/361 [0 1 0 0 2 0 0 -2 9.5649 Xenllium (2023)
Cotylisma Noruyo 19ory1 190/189 [1 -3 1 -1 0 0 0 1 9.1358 Xenllium (2023)
Yama comma Nothulo 19o3u1o1 209/208 [-4 0 0 0 1 -1 0 1 8.3033 Xenllium (2023)
Spleen comma Nuluzoyo 19u1uzy1 210/209 [1 1 1 1 -1 0 0 -1 8.2637 Xenllium (2023)
Bihendrixma Nonolururu 19oo1urr1 1083/1078 [-1 1 0 -2 -1 0 0 2 8.0113 Xenllium (2023)
Chthonisma Nuthologu 19u3o1og1 286/285 [1 -1 -1 0 1 1 0 -1 6.0639 Xenllium (2023)
Photisma Nusu 19u17u-2 324/323 [2 4 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 5.3516 Xenllium (2023)
Nutrisma Nutrizo 19u3z2 343/342 [-1 -2 0 3 0 0 0 -1 5.0547 Xenllium (2023)
Triraptor comma Trinuso-azogu 3(19u17o)zg2 34391/34295 [0 0 -1 1 0 0 3 -3 4.8394 Kaiveran (2023)
Go comma, dudon comma Nonogu 19oog2 361/360 [-3 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 2 4.8023 Xenwolf (2013) for go comma
Devichroma Nuruyoyo 19uryy-2 400/399 [4 -1 2 -1 0 0 0 -1 4.3335 Xenllium (2023)
Abnobisma Nothurugu 19o3urg1 456/455 [3 1 -1 -1 0 -1 0 1 3.8007 Xenllium (2023)
Hedwigma Nusozogugu 19u17ozgg2 476/475 [2 0 -2 1 0 0 1 -1 3.6409 Xenllium (2023)
Eulalisma Nuthuloyo 19u3u1oy-2 495/494 [-1 2 1 0 1 -1 0 -1 3.5010 Xenllium (2023)

23-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
187/184 Twethusolo 23u17o1o1 187/184 2.11.17.23 [-3 1 1 -1 27.999
Large vicesimotertial 1/8-tone Twethosu 23o17u1 69/68 2.3.17.23 [-2 1 -1 1 25.274 Xenllium (2023)
Small vicesimotertial 1/8-tone Twethuzoyo 23uzy1 70/69 2.3.5.7.23 [1 -1 1 1 -1 24.910 Xenllium (2023)
Undinisma Twethothuru 23o3ur1 92/91 2.7.13.23 [2 -1 -1 1 18.921 Xenllium (2023)
23-limit Tenney/Cage comma Satwetho s23o2 736/729 2.3.23 [5 -6 1 16.544 Stephen Weigel (2023)
Yarmanisma Twethonuyo 23o19uy1 115/114 2.3.5.19.23 [-1 -1 1 -1 1 15.120 Xenllium (2023)
Major kirnbergerisma Twethozogu 23ozg2 161/160 2.5.7.23 [-5 -1 1 1 10.787 Xenllium (2023)
Minor kirnbergerisma Twethuru 23ur-2 162/161 2.3.7.23 [1 4 -1 -1 10.720 Xenllium (2023)
Vicetone comma Twethutho 23u3o1 208/207 2.3.13.23 [4 -2 1 -1 8.3433 Xenllium (2023)
Major neutravicema Twethulozogu 23u1ozg1 231/230 [-1 1 -1 1 1 0 0 0 -1 7.5108 Xenllium (2023)
Middle neutravicema Twetholoru 23o1or1 253/252 2.3.7.11.23 [-2 -2 -1 1 1 6.8564 Xenllium (2023)
Minor neutravicema Twetholugugu 23o1ugg2 276/275 2.3.5.11.23 [2 1 -2 -1 1 6.2840 Xenllium (2023)
21-23-comma Trisa-septritwethu 3s21(23u)-8 281474976710656 /
280462473659039
2.23 [95 -21 6.2387
Major naiadvicema Twethuthuyoyo 23u3uyy-2 300/299 2.3.5.13.23 [2 1 2 -1 -1 5.7804 Xenllium (2023)
Major semivicema Twethunosoru 23u19o17or1 323/322 2.7.17.19.23 [-1 -1 1 1 -1 5.3682 Xenllium (2023)
Minor naiadvicema Twethosothugu 23o17o3ug2 391/390 [-1 -1 -1 0 0 -1 1 0 1 4.4334 Xenllium (2023)
Minor semivicema Twethusuzozo 23u17uzz1 392/391 2.7.17.23 [3 2 -1 -1 4.4221 Xenllium (2023)
Scanisma, vicewolf comma Twethosuyo 23o17uy1 460/459 2.3.5.17.23 [2 -3 1 -1 1 3.7676 Xenllium (2023)
Pittsburghisma Twethuloloru 23u1oor-2 484/483 2.3.7.11.23 [2 -1 -1 2 -1 3.5806 Xenllium (2023)

29-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Classical mediant of Didymus' and Archytas' commas Twenothuluyo 29o3u1uy1 145/143 5.11.13.29 [1 -1 -1 1 24.045
Farewell comma Twenulo 29u1o1 88/87 2.3.11.29 [3 -1 1 -1 19.786
Sironisma Twenotwethugu 29o23ug1 116/115 2.5.23.29 [2 -1 -1 1 14.989 Xenllium (2024)
Lomisma Twenutho 29u3o1 117/116 2.3.13.29 [-2 2 1 -1 14.860 Xenllium (2024)
29th-partial chroma Twenoyo 29oy1 145/144 2.3.5.29 [-4 -2 1 1 11.981 Flirora (2023)
Major chthonovinema Twenuzoyoyo 29uzyy1 175/174 2.3.5.7.29 [-1 -1 2 1 -1 9.9211 Xenllium (2024)
Kallistisma Twenusoru 29u17or1 204/203 2.3.7.17.29 [2 1 -1 1 -1 8.5073 Xenllium (2024)
Major paravinema Twenoluru 29o1ur1 232/231 2.3.7.11.29 [3 -1 -1 -1 1 7.4783 Xenllium (2024)
Jackpot comma Laseptweno L7(29o)1 17249876309 / 17179869184 2.29 [-34 7 7.0404 Eliora (2024)
Major vinetonema Twenothugu 29o3ug1 261/260 2.3.5.13.29 [-2 2 -1 -1 1 6.6458 Xenllium (2024)
Brunisma Twenosusuyo 29o17uuy-2 290/289 2.5.17.29 [1 1 -2 1 5.9801 Xenllium (2024)
Minor paravinema Twenuluyo 29u1uy1 320/319 2.5.11.29 [6 1 -1 -1 5.4186 Xenllium (2024)
Major semivinema Twenuthuzo 29u3uz1 378/377 2.3.7.13.29 [1 3 1 -1 -1 4.5861 Xenllium (2024)
Minor semivinema Twenozogu 29ozg2 406/405 2.3.5.7.29 [1 -4 -1 1 1 4.2694 Xenllium (2024)
Minor vinetonema Twenunosutho 29u19o17u3o1 494/493 2.13.17.19.29 [1 1 -1 1 -1 3.5081 Xenllium (2024)

31-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
31-limit co-archyta Thiwuzo 31uz2 63/62 2.3.7.31 [-1 2 1 -1 27.700 Xenwolf (2020)
Tricema Thiwotwethu 31o23u-2 93/92 2.3.23.31 [-2 1 -1 1 18.716 Xenllium (2025)
Twizzler Thiwutriyo 31u3y1 125/124 2.5.31 [-2 3 -1 13.906 Xenwolf (2020)
Scyllisma Thiwoluruyo 31o1ury-2 155/154 2.5.7.11.31 [-1 1 -1 -1 1 11.205 Xenllium (2025)
Xanthippisma Thiwuthogu 31u3og2 156/155 2.3.5.13.31 [2 1 -1 1 -1 11.133 Xenllium (2025)
Lambertisma Thiwusolo 31u17o1o2 187/186 2.3.11.17.31 [-1 -1 1 1 -1 9.2828 Xenllium (2025)
Tricesimoprimal kleisma Thiwozo 31oz1 217/216 2.3.7.31 [-3 -3 1 1 7.9965
Lameisma Thiwonuthu 31o19u3u-2 248/247 2.13.19.31 [3 -1 -1 1 6.9949 Xenllium (2025)
Tricetone comma Thiwuzoyo 31uzy2 280/279 2.3.5.7.31 [3 -2 1 1 -1 6.1940 Xenllium (2025)
Junebug comma Thiwutweno twethunuso tholuzoyo 31u29o23u19u 17o3o1uzy2 448630/447051 [1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 6.1040 Tristan Bay (2024)
Californisma Thiwosulogu 31o17u1og-2 341/340 2.5.11.17.31 [-2 -1 1 -1 1 5.0844 Xenllium (2025)
Endymisma Thiwunolu 31u19o1u2 342/341 2.3.11.19.31 [1 2 -1 1 -1 5.0695 Xenllium (2025)
Chinthisma Thiwutwenoruyo 31u29ory1 435/434 2.3.5.7.29.31 [-1 1 1 -1 1 -1 3.9844 Xenllium (2025)
Alektisma Thiwotwenuyo 31o29uy-2 465/464 2.3.5.29.31 [-4 1 1 -1 1 3.7271 Xenllium (2025)

Higher-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Lightyear comma 89u331o3-2 714984/704969 2.3.31.89 [3 1 3 -3 24.421 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
41-limit Johnston comma Fowo 41o1 82/81 2.3.41 [1 -4 1 21.242 Stephen Weigel (2023)
Lilac comma 89u31oo-2 2883/2848 2.3.31.89 [-5 1 2 -1 21.146 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
43-limit 10th-tone, large quadracesimotertial 1/10-tone Fothosugu 43o17ug1 86/85 2.5.17.43 [1 -1 -1 1 20.249 Mister Shaf (2025)
43-limit 10th-tone, small quadracesimotertial 1/10-tone Fothutweno 43u29o1 87/86 2.3.29.43 [-1 1 1 -1 20.014
Tailwind comma 89o1u1 89/88 2.11.89 [-3 -1 1 19.562 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Rebbe comma 389o1urg1 389/385 5.7.11.389 [-1 -1 -1 1 17.8794 Mister Shaf (2025)
Lilly pilly comma 89o31o-2 8277/8192 2.3.31.89 [-13 1 1 1 17.871 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Incisor comma 89uu3y1 8000/7921 2.5.89 [6 3 -2 17.181 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
43-limit Johnston comma Fotho 43o1 129/128 2.3.43 [-7 1 1 13.473 Stephen Weigel (2023)
Basement comma 89o1o1 979/972 2.3.11.89 [-2 -5 1 1 12.423 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Reversed marvel comma 113ogg2 226/225 2.3.5.113 [1 -2 -2 1 7.6773 Xenllium (2025)
Sidereal comma 73u61og1 366/365 2.3.5.61.73 [1 1 -1 1 -1 4.7366 Frostburn (2024)
Five feet comma 127o19ug1 381/380 2.3.5.19.127 [-2 1 -1 -1 1⟩ 4.5499 Eliora (2022)
Semaphorisma Thisothogu 37o3og2 481/480 2.3.5.13.37 [-5 -1 -1 1 1 3.6030 Kaiveran (2023)

List of irrational commas

For intervals expressible as edosteps, see Interval size measure. We skip them here for brevity.

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Caffeinterval 2((7/12) - (1/sqrt(3))) 7.1797 R-4981 (2023)

See also