Medium comma

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A medium comma is a comma whose size is approximately between 30 and 100 cents. These commas are easily perceptible.

For commas over 100 cents, see Large comma; for commas under 30 cents, see Small comma; for such under 3.5 cents see Unnoticeable comma.

Except for the 3-limit commas, the color name refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out.

List of commas, by prime limit

3-limit commas

See also: Table of 3-limit commas
Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Pythagorean limma, blackwood comma Sawa sw2 256 / 243 [8 -5 90.225
301-comma Wa-301 w-301 [-477 301 88.455
248-comma Wa-248 w-248 [-393 248 84.840
111-comma Wa-111 w-111 [176 -111 82.995
142-comma Wa-142 w-142 [-225 142 77.610
217-comma Wa-217 w-217 [344 -217 75.765
89-comma Wa-89 w-89 [-141 89 73.995
17-comma, Pythagorean gothma, gothic comma Wa-17 ssw3 134217728 / 129140163 [27 -17 66.765 Flora Canou (2023)
289-comma Wa-289 w-289 [-458 289 64.995
70-comma Wa-70 w-70 [111 -70 63.150
183-comma Wa-183 w-183 [-290 183 57.765
176-comma Wa-176 w-176 [279 -176 55.920
229-comma Wa-229 w-229 [363 -229 52.305
77-comma Wa-77 w-77 [-122 77 50.535
29-comma, mystery comma Wa-29 w-29 70368744177664 / 68630377364883 [46 -29 43.305
277-comma Wa-277 w-277 [-439 277 41.535
224-comma Wa-224 w-224 [-355 224 37.920
135-comma Wa-135 w-135 [214 -135 36.075
171-comma Wa-171 w-171 [-271 171 34.305
118-comma Wa-118 w-118 [-187 118 30.690

5-limit commas

See also: Table of 5-limit commas
Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Hogzilla Lala-yoyo LLyy-2 4428675 / 4194304 [-22 11 2 94.132
Pelogic comma, major chroma Layobi Ly1 135 / 128 [-7 3 1 92.179
sasagu Sasagu ssg3 8388608 / 7971615 [23 -13 -1 88.271
Bohpier, 13edt comma Satheyo sy13-2 1220703125 / 1162261467 [0 -19 13 84.933
Ripple Quingu g52 6561 / 6250 [-1 8 -5 84.071
Dodecoid comma 536870912 / 512578125 [29 -8 -7 80.164 CompactStar (2023)
Doublewide Quadbiyo y8-2 390625 / 373248 [-9 -6 8 78.78
Sevond comma Sasepyo sy71 5000000 / 4782969 [6 -14 7 76.826 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Nusecond Legu g113 51018336 / 48828125 [5 13 -11 75.964
Sentinel Trila-quadyo L3y4-3 8968066875 / 8589934592 [-33 15 4 74.580
Stump Latriyo Ly3-2 273375 / 262144 [-18 7 3 72.626
Dicot comma, classic(al) chroma Yoyo yy1 25 / 24 [-3 -1 2 70.672
Superpyth, grave minor second Sayo sy2 20480 / 19683 [12 -9 1 68.719
Diminished comma, major diesis Quadgu g42 648 / 625 [3 4 -4 62.565 Paul Erlich, Carl Lumma (2002)
Passion Saquingu sg53 262144 / 253125 [18 -4 -5 60.611
Shibboleth Tritriyo y9-2 1953125 / 1889568 [-5 -10 9 57.273 Paul Erlich (2002)
Mynic Quinbigu g103 10077696 / 9765625 [9 9 -10 54.458
Tritonic Lala-quinyo LLy5-3 553584375 / 536870912 [-29 11 5 53.074
Negri comma, double augmentation diesis Laquadyo Ly4-2 16875 / 16384 [-14 3 4 51.120 Paul Erlich (2002)
Porcupine comma, maximal diesis Triyo y31 250 / 243 [1 -5 3 49.166 Herman Miller (1999)
Mowgli, 15edt comma Laquintrigu Lg153 31381059609 / 30517578125 [0 22 -15 48.304
Immunity comma Sasa-yoyo ssyy2 1638400 / 1594323 [16 -13 2 47.212 Mike Battaglia (2011)
lalagu comma Lalagu LLg-2 43046721 / 41943040 [-23 16 -1 44.966
Augmented comma, diesis Trigu g32 128 / 125 [7 0 -3 41.059 Paul Erlich, Carl Lumma (2002)
Wizard Lala-quadtriyo LLy12-4 2197265625 / 2147483648 [-31 2 12 39.675
Sycamore comma Laleyo Ly11-3 48828125 / 47775744 [-16 -6 11 37.721 Paul Erlich (2002)
Absurdity comma Lala-sepgu LLg71 10460353203 / 10240000000 [-17 21 -7 36.859 Mike Battaglia (2011)
Fifive comma Saquinbiyo sy10-2 9765625 / 9565938 [-1 -14 10 35.767 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Unicorn comma Laquadbigu Lg82 1594323 / 1562500 [-2 13 -8 34.905 Paul Erlich (2002)
Valentine comma Satritrigu sg93 1990656 / 1953125 [13 5 -9 32.952 Paul Erlich (2002)
Aenima comma 209715200000000 / 205891132094649 [29 -30 8 31.860 Douglas Blumeyer (2023)
Ampersand, Ampersand's comma Lala-tribiyo LLy6-3 34171875 / 33554432 [-25 7 6 31.567
Mabila comma Sasa-quinbigu ssg104 268435456 / 263671875 [28 -3 -10 30.998

7-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Hexadecatone comma, 16-7-comma Sasa-quadquadrubi ssr16-6 35184372088832 / 33232930569601 [45 0 0 -16 98.785
29-7/5-comma Twenezogu [-14 0 -29 29 92.854
47-35-comma Thela-fosezoyo [-241 0 47 47 91.562
Septimal minor semitone Zogu zg2 21 / 20 [-2 1 -1 1 84.467
39-7/5-comma Thetriruyo [19 0 39 -39 82.024
laruru negative 2nd Laruru Lrr-2 6561 / 6272 [-7 8 0 -2 77.988
36-7-comma Quinla-quadtritrizo [-101 0 0 36 77.733
Prograde comma, ed7/4 microdiatonic comma Zozotrigu zzg33 392 / 375 [3 -1 -3 2 76.756
Bapbo comma Rurugu rrg1 256 / 245 [8 0 -1 -2 76.034
18-21-comma Quinla-tritribizo [-79 18 0 18 74.056
15-35-comma Quadsa-quintrirugu [77 0 -15 -15 72.906
slendro integer cents comma[clarification needed] [1123 0 0 -400 69.637
47-7-comma Sepsa-foseru [132 0 0 -47 65.182
33-21-comma Tritrisa-letriru [145 -33 0 -33 64.23
Trienstonic comma, septimal third-tone Zo z2 28 / 27 [2 -3 0 1 62.961
31-7/5-comma Thiwezogu [-15 0 -31 31 57.878
Greenwoodma Ruruyo rry-2 405 / 392 [-3 4 1 -2 56.482
21-7-comma Trisa-septriru 576460752303423488 / 558545864083284007 [59 0 0 -21 54.656
Harrison's comma Laru Lr-2 59049 / 57344 [-13 10 0 -1 50.724
39-35-comma Lela-thetrizoyo [-200 0 39 39 50.445
Keega Trizogu z3g33 1029 / 1000 [-3 1 -3 3 49.492
Mint comma, septimal 1/4-tone Rugu rg1 36 / 35 [2 2 -1 -1 48.77 Mike Battaglia (2012)
37-7/5-comma Thiseruyo [18 0 37 -37 47.049
5-21-comma Saquinru sr5-2 4194304 / 4084101 [22 -5 0 -5 46.095
Cloudy comma Laquinzo Lz53 16807 / 16384 [-14 0 0 5 44.13
Avicennma, Avicenna's enharmonic diesis Lazoyoyo Lzyy1 525 / 512 [-9 1 2 1 43.408
8-35-comma Lala-quadbizoyo LLz8y82 2251875390625 / 2199023255552 [-41 0 8 8 41.117
Mabilisma Latrizo-aquinyo Lz3y51 1071875 / 1048576 [-20 0 5 3 38.046
Slendro diesis Zozo zz2 49 / 48 [-4 -1 0 2 35.697
Arcturus comma Larutribiyo Lry6-2 15625 / 15309 [0 -7 6 -1 35.371
Jubilisma, tritonic diesis Biruyo rryy-2 50 / 49 [1 0 2 -2 34.976
Eric Sepru r7-4 839808 / 823543 [7 8 0 -7 33.859
German sixth comma Quadla-thiwezo [-87 0 0 31 33.603
Llywelynsma, llywelyn comma Sasepru-agu sr7g-3 4194304 / 4117715 [22 0 -1 -7 31.905 +merlan #flirora (2021)
23-35-comma Sepsa-twetherugu [118 0 -23 -23 31.789

11-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
11-cycle major seventh prote, 35-11-comma Quinla-sepquinlo [-121 0 0 0 35 96.128
undecimal minor semitone Loru 1or1 22 / 21 [1 -1 0 -1 1 80.537
11-cycle chroma, 11-11-comma Lala-lelo LL1o11-3 285311670611 / 274877906944 [-38 0 0 0 11 64.497
undecimal major diesis Lalu L1u1 729 / 704 [-6 6 0 0 -1 60.412
undecimal 1/4-tone, al-Farabi's 1/4-tone Ilo 1o1 33 / 32 [-5 1 0 0 1 53.273
sterno Lotriru 1or3-2 352 / 343 [5 0 0 -3 1 44.84
undecimal 1/5-tone Luyo 1uy1 45 / 44 [-2 2 1 0 -1 38.906
Hunt flat 5 comma Salu s1u2 8192 / 8019 [13 -6 0 0 -1 36.952
Igs boson, 13-11-comma Sasa-thelu ss1u134 35184372088832 / 34522712143931 [45 0 0 0 -13 32.867
telepathma Loyo 1oy1 55 / 54 [-1 -3 1 0 1 31.767
Hunt 11-cycle comma Trila-quadtribilo [-83 0 0 0 24 31.631
undecimal diesis Luzogu 1uzg2 56 / 55 [3 0 -1 1 -1 31.194

13-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
large tridecimal 1/3-tone Thogugu 3ogg2 26 / 25 [1 0 -2 0 0 1 67.9
small tridecimal 1/3-tone Thu 3u1 27 / 26 [-1 3 0 0 0 -1 65.337
tridecimal 1/4-tone, Hunt minor submediant comma Latho L3o1 1053 / 1024 [-10 4 0 0 0 1 48.348
tridecimal minor diesis Thuyo 3uy1 40 / 39 [3 -1 1 0 0 -1 43.831
astbury Latribitho L3o62 4826809 / 4718592 [-19 -2 0 0 0 6 39.256 Peter Kosmorsky (2012)

17-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
small septendeciml semitone, Arabic lute index finger Su 17u1 18 / 17 [1 2 0 0 0 0 -1 98.955
12 semitone comma Lala-quadtriso LL17o126 582622237229761 / 562949953421312 [-49 0 0 0 0 0 12 59.465
large septendecimal 1/4-tone Solu 17o1u2 34 / 33 [1 -1 0 0 -1 0 1 51.682
small septendecimal 1/4-tone Suzoyo 17uzy1 35 / 34 [-1 0 1 1 0 0 -1 50.184
11 semitone comma Sasa-lesu ss17u11-5 35184372088832 / 34271896307633 [45 0 0 0 0 0 -11 45.49
large septendecimal 1/6-tone, 17th-partial chroma Sogugu 17ogg2 51 / 50 [-1 1 -2 0 0 0 1 34.283
small septendecimal 1/6-tone Sutho 17u3o1 52 / 51 [2 -1 0 0 0 1 -1 33.617
Hunt 17-cycle comma [139 0 0 0 0 0 -34 31.516

19-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
large undevicesimal semitone Ino 19o2 19 / 18 [-1 -2 0 0 0 0 0 1 93.603
small undevicesimal semitone Nuyo 19uy1 20 / 19 [2 0 1 0 0 0 0 -1 88.801
nutho unison Nutho 19u3o1 39 / 38 [-1 1 0 0 0 1 0 -1 44.97
hendrix comma Noru 19or1 57 / 56 [-3 1 0 -1 0 0 0 1 30.642

23-limit commas

Name(s) Color Name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
large vicesimotertial semitone 23 / 22 [-1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 76.956
small vicesimotertial semitone 24 / 23 [3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 73.681
vicesimotertial fifth-tone 46 / 45 [1 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1 38.051

Higher-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Oxidizer comma 729/712 2.3.89 [-3 6 -1 40.8499 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Canine comma 1000/979 2.5.11.89 [3 3 -1 -1 36.7431 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Attic comma 7921/7776 2.3.89 [-5 -5 2 31.9852 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)