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'''Meantone''' is a familar historical [[temperament]] based on a chain of fifths (or fourths), which is discussed in [[meantone family]] in the context of the associated family of temperaments, and in [[meantone vs meanpop]] in terms of 11-limit extensions.
{{Interwiki
| en = Meantone
| de = Mitteltönig
}}
{{Infobox regtemp
| Title = Meantone
| Subgroups = 2.3.5, 2.3.5.7
| Comma basis = [[81/80]] (2.3.5); <br>[[81/80]], [[126/125]] (2.3.5.7)
| Edo join 1 = 12 | Edo join 2 = 19
| Mapping = 1; 1 4 10
| Generators = 3/2
| Generators tuning = 696.7
| Optimization method = CWE
| MOS scales = [[2L&nbsp;3s]], [[5L&nbsp;2s]], [[7L&nbsp;5s]], [[12L&nbsp;7s]]
| Pergen = (P8, P5)
| Color name = Guti
| Odd limit 1 = 5 | Mistuning 1 = 5.4 | Complexity 1 = 5
| Odd limit 2 = 9 | Mistuning 2 = 10.8 | Complexity 2 = 12
}}
'''Meantone''' is a familiar [[Historical temperaments|historical temperament]] based on a [[chain of fifths]] (or fourths), possessing two [[generator|generating intervals]]: the [[octave]] and the [[3/2|fifth]], from which all pitches are composed. This qualifies it as a [[rank-2 temperament]]. The octave is typically pure or close to pure, and the fifth is a few [[cents]] narrower than pure. The rationale for narrowing the fifth is to temper out the [[syntonic comma]], 81/80, which means that stacking four fifths (such as {{dash|C, G, D, A, E|hair|med}}) results in a major third (C–E) that is close to the just interval [[5/4]] rather than the more complex Pythagorean interval [[81/64]]; good tunings of meantone also lead to soft [[diatonic]] and [[Chromatic scale|chromatic]] scales, which are desirable for interval categorization.
 
[[Meantone intervals|Intervals in meantone]] have standard names based on the number of steps of the diatonic scale they span (this corresponds to the [[val]] {{val| 7 11 16 }}), with a modifier {…"double diminished", "diminished", "minor", "major", "augmented", "double augmented"…} that tells you the specific interval in increments of a chromatic semitone. Note that in a general meantone system, all of these intervals are distinct. For example, a diminished fourth is a different interval from a major third.
 
Technical temperament data is discussed at [[Meantone family #Meantone]] in the context of the associated family of temperaments. {{Wikipedia|Meantone temperament}}


== History ==
== History ==
Meantone was the dominant tuning used in Europe from around late 15th century to around early 18th century, after which various [[Well Temperament|Well Temperaments]] and eventually 12-tone [[Equal Temperament]] won in popularity.
{{See also| Historical temperaments }}
 
Meantone tunings with fifths flatter than 700{{cent}} were the dominant tuning used in Europe from around late 15th century to around early 18th century, after which various [[well temperament]]s and eventually 12-tone equal temperament won in popularity. However, even today, the vast majority of common-practice Western music theory is based exclusively on meantone, as 12-tone equal temperament is itself a meantone tuning.
 
== Extensions ==
=== Septimal meantone ===
{{Wikipedia| Septimal meantone temperament }}
 
'''Septimal meantone''' or '''7-limit meantone''' is a natural extension of meantone which also addresses septimal intervals including but not limited to [[7/4]], [[7/5]], and [[7/6]]. By extending the [[circle of fifths]], consonant septimal intervals start to appear. For example, 7/4 is represented by an augmented sixth (+10 fifths, C–A♯), and is notably present in the augmented sixth chord; it can also be seen as a diesis-flat minor seventh, as the diesis represents [[36/35]]~[[64/63]]. In septimal meantone, 7/5 is an augmented fourth, 7/6 is an augmented second, and [[9/7]] is a diminished fourth. Notably, septimal meantone equates the interval of a diminished fifth between the third and the seventh of a [[dominant seventh chord]] to [[10/7]], making it a [[9-odd-limit]] [[essentially tempered chord]]. Septimal meantone is best tuned close to [[31edo]] or [[Quarter-comma meantone|1/4-comma]].
 
Extending meantone to the [[11-limit]] is not as simple. For one, there is the factorization of 81/80 as ([[121/120]])*([[243/242]]), and tempering both out leads to [[mohaha]] in the [[2.3.5.11 subgroup]], which splits the perfect fifth into two [[11/9]]~[[27/22]] neutral thirds. Adding back the septimal meantone mapping of 7 (+20 neutral thirds) gives [[migration]], but mohaha has an alternative mapping of [[7/4]] at the semi-diminished seventh (-13 neutral thirds), known as [[mohajira]]. Extensions to prime 11 generated by the perfect fifth are trickier. If 121/120 and 243/242 are not tempered out, then one of them must be mapped positively, and the other negatively. Since 121/120 is the difference between [[11/10]] and [[12/11]], it makes more sense to map it positively, and thus 243/242 negatively, leading 11/9 to be mapped wider than 27/22 and causing inconsistencies. Nonetheless, 31edo supports septimal meantone well while also having a neutral third, and there are two extensions generated by the fifth which map 11/9 to the neutral third. [[Undecimal meantone]] (also known as ''huygens'') maps 11/9 to +16 fifths (C–D𝄪) and 11/8 to +18 fifths (C–E𝄪), tempering out [[99/98]], [[176/175]], and [[441/440]]. Huygens works in the range from 31edo (696.8{{C}}) to 12edo (700{{C}}). The other extension is [[meanpop]], which maps 11/9 to -15 fifths (C–F𝄫) and 11/8 to -13 fifths (C–G𝄫), tempering out [[385/384]] and [[540/539]]. Tunings of meanpop range from 19edo (694.7{{C}}) to 31edo (696.8{{C}}).
 
=== Other septimal extensions ===
There are some alternative mappings of the 7-limit meantone, including flattone and dominant.
 
==== Flattone ====
{{Main| Flattone }}
 
Flattone is an alternative extension of meantone, which represents 7/4 as a diminished seventh rather than an augmented sixth. The fifth interval is adjusted narrower, nine of which give 8/7 and thirteen of which give 10/7 with octave reduction. Alternatively, stacking three minor thirds results in a diminished seventh that is close to 7/4. While less accurate than septimal meantone, flattone extends much more easily to the [[11-limit|11-]] and [[13-limit|13-]][[limit]]s, with [[11/8]] being an augmented fourth (+6 fifths, C–F♯) and [[13/8]] being a minor sixth (-4 fifths, C–A♭).
 
==== Dominant ====
{{Main| Dominant (temperament) }}


== Theory and Classification ==
Dominant is an alternative extension of meantone, which represents 7/4 as a minor seventh rather than an augmented sixth. This equates 6/5 with 7/6 and 5/4 with 9/7, tempering out [[36/35]] (septimal quarter tone) and [[64/63]] (Archytas' comma). Dominant was named because the [[dominant seventh chord]] of the [[5L 2s|diatonic]] scale represents [[4:5:6:7]] in it.
Meantone temperaments are based on two generating intervals; the octave and the fifth, from which all pitches are composed. This qualifies it as a [[Regular Temperaments|rank-2 temperament]]. The octave is typically pure or close to pure, and the fifth is a few cents narrower than pure. The rationale for narrowing the fifth is to temper out the syntonic comma. This means that stacking four fifths (such as C-G-D-A-E) results in a major third (C-E) that is close to just.


[[Meantone intervals|Intervals in meantone]] have standard names based on the number of steps of the diatonic scale they span (this corresponds to the [[val]] &lt;7 11 16|), with a modifier {..."double diminished", "diminished", "minor", "major", "augmented", "double augmented"...} that tells you the specific interval in increments of a chromatic semitone. Note that in a general meantone system, all of these intervals are distinct. For example, a diminished fourth is a different interval from a major third.
== Intervals ==
{{Main| Meantone intervals }}


== Meantone Temperaments (ie, tunings) ==
In the following tables, odd harmonics 1–15 are labeled in '''bold'''.
* [[19edo|19-edo]]
 
* [[1-3_Syntonic_Comma_Meantone|1/3 Syntonic Comma Meantone]]
<div style="display: inline-grid; margin-right: 25px;">
* [[Golden Meantone]]
{| class="wikitable sortable center-1 center-2 right-3"
* [[Quarter-comma meantone|1/4 Syntonic Comma Meantone]]
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Intervals fifthward
* [[31edo|31-edo]]
|-
* [[1-5_Syntonic_Comma_Meantone|1/5 Syntonic Comma Meantone]]
! #
* [[1-6_Syntonic_Comma_Meantone|1/6 Syntonic Comma Meantone]]
! class="unsortable" | Category
* [[12edo|12-edo]]
! Cents*
* [[Lucy Tuning]]
! class="unsortable" | Approximate ratios
* [[50edo|50-edo]]
|-
* [[55edo|55-edo]]
| 0
| P1
| 0.0
| '''1/1'''
|-
| 1
| P5
| 696.7
| '''3/2'''
|-
| 2
| M2
| 193.3
| '''9/8''', 10/9, 28/25
|-
| 3
| M6
| 890.0
| 5/3
|-
| 4
| M3
| 386.6
| '''5/4'''
|-
| 5
| M7
| 1083.3
| '''15/8''', 28/15
|-
| 6
| A4
| 579.9
| 7/5, 25/18
|-
| 7
| A1
| 76.6
| 21/20, 25/24, 28/27
|-
| 8
| A5
| 773.2
| 14/9, 25/16
|-
| 9
| A2
| 269.9
| 7/6
|-
| 10
| A6
| 966.6
| '''7/4'''
|-
| 11
| A3
| 463.2
| 21/16
|-
| 12
| A7
| 1159.9
| 35/18, 49/25, 63/32
|}
</div>
<div style="display: inline-grid; margin-right: 25px;">
{| class="wikitable sortable center-1 center-2 right-3"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Intervals fourthward
|-
! #
! class="unsortable" | Category
! Cents*
! class="unsortable" | Approximate ratios
|-
| 0
| P1
| 0.0
| '''1/1'''
|-
| −1
| P4
| 503.3
| 4/3
|-
| −2
| m7
| 1006.7
| 9/5, 16/9, 25/14
|-
| −3
| m3
| 310.0
| 6/5
|-
| −4
| m6
| 813.4
| 8/5
|-
| −5
| m2
| 116.7
| 15/14, 16/15
|-
| −6
| d5
| 620.1
| 10/7, 36/25
|-
| −7
| d8
| 1123.4
| 27/14, 40/21, 48/25
|-
| −8
| d4
| 426.8
| 9/7, 32/25
|-
| −9
| d7
| 930.1
| 12/7
|-
| −10
| d3
| 233.4
| 8/7
|-
| −11
| d6
| 736.8
| 32/21
|-
| −12
| d2
| 40.1
| 36/35, 50/49, 64/63
|}
</div>
<nowiki/>* In 7-limit [[CWE]] tuning, octave reduced
 
== Chords and harmony ==
Meantone induces [[didymic chords]], the [[essentially tempered chord]]s and associated progressions which are not found in other temperaments. Notably, the roots of the common chord progression vi–ii–V–I make up such a tetrad. Moreover, the dominant seventh chord and the half-diminished seventh chord can be seen as essentially tempered by septimal meantone.
 
== Scales ==
{{Main| Meantone scales }}
 
; Edo tunings
* [[Meantone5]] – pentic scale in 31edo
* [[Meantone7]] – diatonic scale in 31edo
* [[Meantone12]] – chromatic scale in 31edo
; Unchanged-interval (eigenmonzo) tunings
* [[Meanwoo12]] – chromatic scale in 5/4.7-eigenmonzo tuning
* [[Meanwoo19]] – enharmonic scale in 5/4.7-eigenmonzo tuning
* [[Ratwolf]] – chromatic scale with 20/13 wolf fifth
; Others
* [[Meaneb471a]] – chromatic scale in one equal beating tuning of ~3/1 and ~5/1
* [[Meaneb471]] – chromatic scale in the other equal beating tuning of ~3/1 and ~5/1, also called "metameantone"
 
== Tunings ==
Common meantone tunings can be classified into [[eigenmonzo|eigenmonzo (unchanged-interval)]] tunings, edo tunings, norm-based tunings and others. In eigenmonzo tunings such as the [[quarter-comma meantone]], a certain interval is tuned pure and certain others are equally off. Edo tunings like [[31edo]] have rational size relationship between steps, and happen to send an additional comma to unison. Norm-based tunings are optimized for all intervals. For a more complete list, see the table below. These different tunings are referred to as "temperaments" in traditional terms.
 
; Notable eigenmonzo (unchanged-interval) tunings
* [[1/2-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[10/9]]
* [[1/3-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[5/3]]
* [[2/7-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[25/24]]
* [[Quarter-comma meantone|1/4-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[5/4]]
* [[1/5-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[15/8]]
* [[1/6-comma meantone]] – with eigenmonzo [[45/32]]
* [[Ratwolf|Ratwolf tuning]]
 
; Other optimized tunings
* [[Golden meantone]]
* [[Tungsten meantone]]
* [[Tungsten meantone]]
* [[Mercury meantone]]
* [[Lucy tuning]]
* Equal beating tunings
* 5-limit [[DKW theory|DKW]]: ~2 = 1200.000{{c}}, ~3/2 = 696.353{{c}}


== Spectrum of Meantone Tunings by Eigenmonzos ==
=== Norm-based tunings ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+ style="font-size: 105%; white-space: nowrap;" | 5-limit norm-based tunings
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" | Euclidean
|-
! Constrained
! Constrained & skewed
! Destretched
|-
! Equilateral
| CEE: ~3/2 = 696.8947{{c}}<br>(4/17 comma)
| CSEE: ~3/2 = 696.4534{{c}}<br>(11/43 comma)
| POEE: ~3/2 = 695.2311{{c}}
|-
! Tenney
| CTE: ~3/2 = 697.2143{{c}}
| CWE: ~3/2 = 696.6512{{c}}
| POTE: ~3/2 = 696.2387{{c}}
|-
! Benedetti, <br>Wilson
| CBE: ~3/2 = 697.3738{{c}}<br>(36/169 comma)
| CSBE: ~3/2 = 696.7868{{c}}<br>(31/129 comma)
| POBE: ~3/2 = 696.2984{{c}}
|}


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+ style="font-size: 105%; white-space: nowrap;" | 7-limit norm-based tunings
|-
|-
! [[Eigenmonzo]]
! rowspan="2" |
! Fifth size (usual name)
! colspan="3" | Euclidean
|-
|-
| [[10/9]]
! Constrained
| 691.202 (1/2 comma)
! Constrained & skewed
! Destretched
|-
|-
| 15\26
! Equilateral
| CEE: ~3/2 = 696.8843{{c}}
| CSEE: ~3/2 = 696.7248{{c}}
| POEE: ~3/2 = 696.4375{{c}}
|-
! Tenney
| CTE: ~3/2 = 696.9521{{c}}
| CWE: ~3/2 = 696.6562{{c}}
| POTE: ~3/2 = 696.4949{{c}}
|-
! Benedetti, <br>Wilson
| CBE: ~3/2 = 697.0147{{c}}
| CSBE: ~3/2 = 696.6306{{c}}
| POBE: ~3/2 = 696.4596{{c}}
|}
 
=== Target tunings ===
{| class="wikitable center-all mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+ style="white-space: nowrap;" | Target tunings
|-
! rowspan="2" | Target
! colspan="2" | Minimax
! colspan="2" | Least squares
|-
! Generator
! Eigenmonzo*
! Generator
! Eigenmonzo*
|-
| 5-odd-limit
| ~3/2 = 696.578{{c}}<br>(1/4 comma)
| 5/4
| ~3/2 = 696.165{{c}}<br>(7/26 comma)
| {{Monzo| -13 -2 7 }}
|-
| 7-odd-limit
| ~3/2 = 696.578{{c}}
| 5/4
| ~3/2 = 696.648{{c}}
| {{Monzo| -55 -11 1 25 }}
|-
| 9-odd-limit
| ~3/2 = 696.578{{c}}
| 5/4
| ~3/2 = 696.436{{c}}
| {{Monzo| 19 9 -1 -11 }}
|}
 
=== Tuning spectrum ===
The below tuning chart assumes septimal meantone and is agnostic to higher-limit extensions.
 
{| class="wikitable center-all left-4"
|-
! Edo<br>generator
! [[Eigenmonzo|Unchanged interval<br>(eigenmonzo)]]*
! Generator<br>(¢)
! Comments
|-
|
| [[27/20]]
| 680.449
| Full comma (syntonic comma; from here onwards ''comma'' without an adjective refers to syntonic comma)
|-
| '''[[7edo|4\7]]'''
|
| '''685.714'''
| '''Lower bound of 5-odd-limit diamond monotone'''
|-
|
| [[51/38]]
| 690.603
| As P4.
|-
| [[33edo|19\33]]
|
| 690.909
| 33cddd val
|-
|
| [[9/5]]
| 691.202
| [[1/2-comma meantone|1/2-comma]], tunings flatter than this do not fit the original sense of meantone, since their whole tones are no longer between 9/8 and 10/9, a.k.a. lower bound of 9-odd-limit diamond tradeoff
|-
| [[59edo|34\59]]
|
| 691.525
| 59bcddddd val
|-
| [[26edo|15\26]]
|
| 692.308
| 692.308
| 26d val
|-
|-
| [[56/45]]
| [[45edo|26\45]]
|
| 693.333
| 45dd val
|-
|
| [[27/25]]
| 693.352
| [[2/5-comma meantone|2/5-comma]]
|-
|
| [[45/28]]
| 694.651
| 694.651
|
|-
|-
| [[28/27]]
|
| [[27/14]]
| 694.709
| 694.709
|
|-
|-
| 81/70
|
| [[81/70]]
| 694.732
| 694.732
|
|-
|-
| 11\19
| '''[[19edo|11\19]]'''
| 694.737
|
| '''694.737'''
| '''Lower bound of 7- and 9-odd-limit diamond monotone'''
|-
|-
| [[6/5]]
|
| 694.786 (1/3 comma)
| [[5/3]]
| 694.786
| [[1/3-comma meantone|1/3 comma]], lower bound of 5- and 7-odd-limit diamond tradeoff
|-
|-
|
| [[35/27]]
| [[35/27]]
| 695.389
| 695.389
|
|-
|-
| 51\88
| [[88edo|51\88]]
|
| 695.455
| 695.455
| 88dd val
|-
|-
| 1\2 + 1\(4π)
| {{nowrap|1\2 + 1\(4π)}}
| 695.493 (Lucy tuning)
|
| 695.493
| [[Lucy tuning]]
|-
|-
|
| [[9/7]]
| [[9/7]]
| 695.614
| 695.614
|
|-
|-
| f^4 = 2f + 2
|
| 695.630 (Wilson fifth)
| {{nowrap| ''f''<sup>4</sup> − 2''f'' − 2 {{=}} 0 }}
| 695.630
| 1–3–5 equal-beating tuning, Wilson's "metameantone" ([[DR]] 4:5:6), virtually 5/17-comma
|-
|-
| 40\69
| [[69edo|40\69]]
|
| 695.652
| 695.652
| 69d val
|-
|-
|
| [[25/24]]
| [[25/24]]
| 695.810 (2/7 comma)
| 695.810
|-
| [[2/7-comma meantone|2/7-comma]], virtually also [[DR]] 10:12:15
| [[13/10]]
| 695.838 (ratwolf fifth, meanpop eigenmonzo)
|-
|-
|
| [[36/35]]
| [[36/35]]
| 695.936
| 695.936
|
|-
|
| 3125/2304
| 695.981
| [[5/18-comma meantone|5/18-comma]]
|-
|-
| [[54/49]]
|
| [[49/27]]
| 695.987
| 695.987
|
|-
|-
| 29\50
| [[50edo|29\50]]
|
| 696.000
| 696.000
|
|-
|-
|
| [[15/14]]
| [[15/14]]
| 696.111
| 696.111
|
|-
|-
| 78125/73728
|  
| 696.165 ([[5-limit]] least squares)
| [[78125/73728]]
| 696.165
| [[7/26-comma meantone|7/26-comma]], 5-odd-limit least squares
|-
|-
| (8 - φ)\11
| {{nowrap| (8 − φ)\11 }}
| 696.214 (Golden meantone)
|
| 696.214
| [[Golden meantone]]
|-
|-
|
| [[49/45]]
| [[49/45]]
| 696.245
| 696.245
|
|-
|
| [[19/17]]
| 696.279
| Mediant of 9/8 and 10/9, known as ''classical meantone''
|-
|-
| 47\81
| [[81edo|47\81]]
|
| 696.296
| 696.296
|
|-
|-
|
| [[7/6]]
| [[7/6]]
| 696.319
| 696.319
|
|-
|-
| [[48/35]]
|
| [[35/24]]
| 696.399
| 696.399
|
|-
|-
| {{Monzo| 19 9 -1 -11 }}
|
| 696.436 (9-limit least squares)
|-
| [[5/4]]
| [[5/4]]
| 696.578 (5- 7- and 9-limit minimax, 1/4 comma)
| 696.578
| [[Quarter-comma meantone|1/4 comma]], 5-, 7-, and 9-odd-limit minimax
|-
|-
| 49/48
|
| [[49/48]]
| 696.616
| 696.616
|
|-
|-
| 60/49
|
| [[49/30]]
| 696.626
| 696.626
|
|-
|-
| {{Monzo| -55 -11 1 25 }}
| [[31edo|18\31]]
| 696.648 ([[7-limit]] least squares)
|
|-
| 18\31
| 696.774
| 696.774
|
|-
|-
|
| [[35/32]]
| [[35/32]]
| 696.796
| 696.796
|
|-
|-
| [[8/7]]
|
| [[7/4]]
| 696.883
| 696.883
|
|-
|
| 1875/1024
| 696.895
| [[4/17-comma meantone|4/17-comma]]; 5-limit [[CEE]] tuning
|-
|-
|
| [[49/40]]
| [[49/40]]
| 696.959
| 696.959
|
|-
|-
|
| [[7/5]]
| [[7/5]]
| 697.085
| 697.085
|
|-
|-
| 43\74
| [[105edo|61\105]]
|
| 697.143
|
|-
|
| [[75/64]]
| 697.176
| [[2/9-comma meantone|2/9-comma]]
|-
|
| {{nowrap|''f''<sup>4</sup> + 2''f'' − 8 {{=}} 0}}
| 697.278
| 1–3–5 equal-beating tuning ([[DR]] 3:4:5), virtually 5/23-comma
|-
| [[74edo|43\74]]
|
| 697.297
| 697.297
|
|-
|-
|
| [[21/16]]
| [[21/16]]
| 697.344
| 697.344
|
|-
|
| 1125/1024
| 697.347
| [[3/14-comma meantone|3/14-comma]]
|-
| {{nowrap|(√(10) − 2)\2}}
|
| 697.367
| [[Tungsten meantone]]
|-
| [[117edo|68\117]]
|
| 697.436
| 117d val
|-
|-
| [[16/15]]
|
| 697.654 (1/5 comma)
| [[15/8]]
| 697.654
| [[1/5-comma meantone|1/5-comma]]
|-
|-
| 25\43
| [[43edo|25\43]]
|
| 697.674
| 697.674
|
|-
|-
|
| [[64/63]]
| [[64/63]]
| 697.728
| 697.728
|
|-
|-
|
| [[21/20]]
| [[21/20]]
| 697.781
| 697.781
|
|-
|
| [[17/10]]
| 697.929
| As d7
|-
|-
| [[28/25]]
| [[98edo|57\98]]
|
| 697.959
| 98d val
|-
|
| [[25/14]]
| 698.099
| 698.099
|
|-
|-
| 32\55
| [[55edo|32\55]]
|
| 698.182
| 698.182
| 55d val
|-
|-
| [[80/63]]
|
| [[63/40]]
| 698.303
| 698.303
|
|-
|-
|
| [[17/15]]
| 698.331
| As d3
|-
|
| [[45/32]]
| [[45/32]]
| 698.371 (1/6 comma)
| 698.371
| [[1/6-comma meantone|1/6-comma]]
|-
|-
| 39\67
| [[67edo|39\67]]
|
| 698.507
| 698.507
| 67d val
|-
|-
| 46\79
|
| {{monzo|-23 9 4}}
| 698.514
| [[4/25-comma meantone|4/25-comma]]
|-
|
| [[45/34]]
| 698.661
| As A3
|-
| [[79edo|46\79]]
|
| 698.734
| 698.734
| 79cdd val
|-
|-
|
| [[135/128]]
| 698.883
| [[1/7-comma meantone|1/7-comma]]
|-
| [[91edo|53\91]]
|
| 698.901
| 91cddd val
|-
|
| [[17/16]]
| 699.009
| As m2
|-
|
| [[25/21]]
| [[25/21]]
| 699.384
| 699.384
|
|-
|-
| 7\12
|
| 700.000
| [[17/12]]
| 699.500
| As d5
|-
|-
| 31\53
|
| 701.887
| [[17/9]]
| 699.851
| As d8
|-
|-
| '''[[12edo|7\12]]'''
|
| '''700.000'''
| '''Upper bound of 7- and 9-odd-limit diamond monotone''', 1/12 Pythagorean comma, virtually [[1/11-comma meantone|1/11-comma]]†
|-
|
| [[19/16]]
| 700.829
| As m3
|-
|
| [[3/2]]
| [[3/2]]
| 701.955
| 701.955
| [[Pythagorean tuning]], tunings sharper than this do not fit the original sense of meantone, since their whole tones are no longer between 9/8 and 10/9, a.k.a. upper bound of 5-, 7-, and 9-odd-limit diamond tradeoff
|-
| '''[[5edo|3\5]]'''
|
| '''720.000'''
| '''Upper bound of 5-odd-limit diamond monotone'''
|}
|}
[5/4 7] eigenmonos: [[meanwoo12]], [[meanwoo19]]
<nowiki/>* Besides the octave
 
† The difference is too small to appear in the digits provided here
 
=== Formula for ''n''-comma meantone ===
The [[generator]] ''g'' of ''n''-comma meantone, where ''n'' is a fraction (like 1/5, 2/9, etc.), can be found by
 
$$ g = g_J - ng_c $$
 
where {{nowrap|''g''<sub>''J''</sub> {{=}} 701.955001}} cents is the size of the just perfect fifth, and ''g''<sub>c</sub> = 21.506290 cents is the size of the syntonic comma.
 
Conversely, ''n'' can be found by
 
$$ n = (g_J - g)/g_c $$
 
== Music ==
See [[Quarter-comma meantone #Music]].


== Links ==
== See also ==
* [http://www.kylegann.com/histune.html http://www.kylegann.com/histune.html] -- An Introduction to Historical Tunings, by [[Kyle Gann]]
* [[Angel]] – fifth-equivalent or 5/1-equivalent meantone


[[Category:Meantone| ]] <!-- main article -->
== External links ==
[[Category:Temperament]]
* [http://www.kylegann.com/histune.html An Introduction to Historical Tunings], by [[Kyle Gann]]
[[Category:Theory]]


<!-- interwiki -->
[[Category:Meantone| ]] <!-- Main article -->
[[de:Mitteltönig]]
[[Category:Rank-2 temperaments]]
[[Category:Meantone family]]
[[Category:Starling temperaments]]
[[Category:Marvel temperaments]]
[[Category:Historical]]
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