72edo: Difference between revisions

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| 45/44
| 45/44
| ^^
| ^^
| double-up unison
| dup unison
| ^^D
| ^^D
|-
|-
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| 25/24
| 25/24
| vvm2
| vvm2
| double-downminor 2nd
| dudminor 2nd
| vvEb
| vvEb
|-
|-
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| 8/7
| 8/7
| ^^M2
| ^^M2
| double-upmajor 2nd
| dupmajor 2nd
| ^^E
| ^^E
|-
|-
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| 7/6
| 7/6
| vvm3
| vvm3
| double-downminor 3rd
| dudminor 3rd
| vvF
| vvF
|-
|-
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| 9/7
| 9/7
| ^^M3
| ^^M3
| double-upmajor 3rd
| dupmajor 3rd
| ^^F#
| ^^F#
|-
|-
Line 233: Line 233:
| 21/16, 17/13
| 21/16, 17/13
| vv4
| vv4
| double-down 4th
| dud 4th
| vvG
| vvG
|-
|-
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| 32/21
| 32/21
| ^^5
| ^^5
| double-up 5th
| dup 5th
| ^^A
| ^^A
|-
|-
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| 14/9
| 14/9
| vvm6
| vvm6
| double-downminor 6th
| dudminor 6th
| vvBb
| vvBb
|-
|-
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| 12/7
| 12/7
| ^^M6
| ^^M6
| double-upmajor 6th
| dupmajor 6th
| ^^B
| ^^B
|-
|-
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| 7/4
| 7/4
| vvm7
| vvm7
| double-downminor 7th
| dudminor 7th
| vvC
| vvC
|-
|-
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| 27/14
| 27/14
| ^^M7
| ^^M7
| double-upmajor 7th
| dupmajor 7th
| ^^C#
| ^^C#
|-
|-
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| 49/25
| 49/25
| vv8
| vv8
| double-down octave
| dud octave
| vvD
| vvD
|-
|-
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! examples
! examples
|-
|-
| double-down minor
| dud minor
| zo
| zo
| {a, b, 0, 1}
| {a, b, 0, 1}
Line 591: Line 591:
| 9/8, 27/16
| 9/8, 27/16
|-
|-
| double-up major
| dup major
| ru
| ru
| {a, b, 0, -1}
| {a, b, 0, -1}
Line 612: Line 612:
| C vvEb G
| C vvEb G
| Cvvm
| Cvvm
| C double-down minor
| C dud minor
|-
|-
| gu
| gu
Line 640: Line 640:
| C ^^E G
| C ^^E G
| C^^
| C^^
| C double-upmajor or C double-up
| C dupmajor or C dup
|}
|}
For a more complete list, see [[Ups and Downs Notation #Chord names in other EDOs]].  
For a more complete list, see [[Ups and Downs Notation #Chord names in other EDOs]].  
Line 1,272: Line 1,272:


== Music ==
== Music ==
* [http://www.archive.org/details/Kotekant ''Kotekant''] [http://www.archive.org/download/Kotekant/kotekant.mp3 play] by [[Gene Ward Smith]]
* [https://www.archive.org/details/Kotekant ''Kotekant''] [https://www.archive.org/download/Kotekant/kotekant.mp3 play] by [[Gene Ward Smith]]
* [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Meneghin/Claudi-Meneghin-Twinkle-canon-72-edo.mp3 ''Twinkle canon – 72 edo''] by [http://soonlabel.com/xenharmonic/archives/573 Claudi Meneghin]
* [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Meneghin/Claudi-Meneghin-Twinkle-canon-72-edo.mp3 ''Twinkle canon – 72 edo''] by [http://soonlabel.com/xenharmonic/archives/573 Claudi Meneghin]
* [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Freivald/Lazy%20Sunday.mp3 ''Lazy Sunday''] by [[Jake Freivald]] in the [[lazysunday]] scale.
* [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Freivald/Lazy%20Sunday.mp3 ''Lazy Sunday''] by [[Jake Freivald]] in the [[lazysunday]] scale.
Line 1,284: Line 1,284:
* [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/ Ekmelic Music Society/Gesellschaft für Ekmelische Musik], a group of composers and researchers dedicated to 72edo music
* [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/ Ekmelic Music Society/Gesellschaft für Ekmelische Musik], a group of composers and researchers dedicated to 72edo music
* [http://72note.com/site/original.html Rick Tagawa's 72edo site], including theory and composers' list
* [http://72note.com/site/original.html Rick Tagawa's 72edo site], including theory and composers' list
* [http://www.myspace.com/dawier Danny Wier, composer and musician who specializes in 72-edo]
* [https://www.myspace.com/dawier Danny Wier, composer and musician who specializes in 72-edo]


[[Category:72edo| ]] <!-- main article -->
[[Category:72edo| ]] <!-- main article -->

Revision as of 06:29, 17 September 2022

← 71edo 72edo 73edo →
Prime factorization 23 × 32
Step size 16.6667 ¢ 
Fifth 42\72 (700 ¢) (→ 7\12)
Semitones (A1:m2) 6:6 (100 ¢ : 100 ¢)
Consistency limit 17
Distinct consistency limit 11
English Wikipedia has an article on:

The 72 equal divisions of the octave (72edo), or 72-tone equal temperament (72tet, 72et) when viewed from a regular temperament perspective, divides the octave into 72 steps or moria. This produces a twelfth-tone tuning, with the whole tone measuring 200 cents, the same as in 12edo. 72edo is also a superset of 24edo, a common and standard tuning of Arabic music, and has itself been used to tune Turkish music.

Composers that used 72edo include Alois Hába, Ivan Wyschnegradsky, Julián Carrillo (who is better associated with 96edo), Iannis Xenakis, Ezra Sims, James Tenney and the jazz musician Joe Maneri.

Theory

72edo approximates 11-limit just intonation exceptionally well, is consistent in the 17-limit, and is the ninth Zeta integral tuning. The octave, fifth and fourth are the same size as they would be in 12edo, 72, 42 and 30 steps respectively, but the classic major third (5/4) measures 23 steps, not 24, and other 5-limit major intervals are one step flat of 12edo while minor ones are one step sharp. The septimal minor seventh (7/4) is 58 steps, while the undecimal semiaugmented fourth (11/8) is 33.

72edo is an excellent tuning for the miracle temperament, especially the 11-limit version, and the related rank-3 temperament prodigy, and is a good tuning for other temperaments and scales, including wizard, harry, catakleismic, compton, unidec and tritikleismic.

Prime harmonics

Approximation of prime harmonics in 72edo
Harmonic 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31
Error Absolute (¢) +0.00 -1.96 -2.98 -2.16 -1.32 -7.19 -4.96 +2.49 +5.06 +3.76 +4.96
Relative (%) +0.0 -11.7 -17.9 -13.0 -7.9 -43.2 -29.7 +14.9 +30.4 +22.5 +29.8
Steps
(reduced)
72
(0)
114
(42)
167
(23)
202
(58)
249
(33)
266
(50)
294
(6)
306
(18)
326
(38)
350
(62)
357
(69)

Intervals

Degrees Cents Approximate Ratios * Ups and Downs Notation
0 0.000 1/1 P1 perfect unison D
1 16.667 81/80 ^1 up unison ^D
2 33.333 45/44 ^^ dup unison ^^D
3 50.000 33/32 ^31,
v3m2
triple-up unison,
triple-down minor 2nd
^3D,
v3Eb
4 66.667 25/24 vvm2 dudminor 2nd vvEb
5 83.333 21/20 vm2 downminor 2nd vEb
6 100.000 35/33, 17/16, 18/17 m2 minor 2nd Eb
7 116.667 15/14, 16/15 ^m2 upminor 2nd ^Eb
8 133.333 27/25, 13/12, 14/13 v~2 downmid 2nd ^^Eb
9 150.000 12/11 ~2 mid 2nd v3E
10 166.667 11/10 ^~2 upmid 2nd vvE
11 183.333 10/9 vM2 downmajor 2nd vE
12 200.000 9/8 M2 major 2nd E
13 216.667 25/22, 17/15 ^M2 upmajor 2nd ^E
14 233.333 8/7 ^^M2 dupmajor 2nd ^^E
15 250.000 81/70, 15/13 ^3M2,
v3m3
triple-up major 2nd,
triple-down minor 3rd
^3E,
v3F
16 266.667 7/6 vvm3 dudminor 3rd vvF
17 283.333 33/28, 13/11, 20/17 vm3 downminor 3rd vF
18 300.000 25/21 m3 minor 3rd F
19 316.667 6/5 ^m3 upminor 3rd ^F
20 333.333 40/33, 17/14 v~3 downmid 3rd ^^F
21 350.000 11/9 ~3 mid 3rd ^3F
22 366.667 99/80, 16/13, 21/17 ^~3 upmid 3rd vvF#
23 383.333 5/4 vM3 downmajor 3rd vF#
24 400.000 44/35 M3 major 3rd F#
25 416.667 14/11 ^M3 upmajor 3rd ^F#
26 433.333 9/7 ^^M3 dupmajor 3rd ^^F#
27 450.000 35/27, 13/10 ^3M3,
v34
triple-up major 3rd,
triple-down 4th
^3F#,
v3G
28 466.667 21/16, 17/13 vv4 dud 4th vvG
29 483.333 33/25 v4 down 4th vG
30 500.000 4/3 P4 perfect 4th G
31 516.667 27/20 ^4 up 4th ^G
32 533.333 15/11 v~4 downmid 4th ^^G
33 550.000 11/8 ~4 mid 4th ^3G
34 566.667 25/18, 18/13 ^~4 upmid 4th vvG#
35 583.333 7/5 vA4, vd5 downaug 4th, updim 5th vG#, vAb
36 600.000 99/70, 17/12 A4, d5 aug 4th, dim 5th G#, Ab
37 616.667 10/7 ^A4, ^d5 upaug 4th, downdim 5th ^G#, ^Ab
38 633.333 36/25, 13/9 v~5 downmid 5th ^^Ab
39 650.000 16/11 ~5 mid 5th v3A
40 666.667 22/15 ^~5 upmid 5th vvA
41 683.333 40/27 v5 down 5th vA
42 700.000 3/2 P5 perfect 5th A
43 716.667 50/33 ^5 up 5th ^A
44 733.333 32/21 ^^5 dup 5th ^^A
45 750.000 54/35, 17/11 ^35,
v3m6
triple-up 5th,
triple-down minor 6th
^3A,
v3Bb
46 766.667 14/9 vvm6 dudminor 6th vvBb
47 783.333 11/7 vm6 downminor 6th vBb
48 800.000 35/22 m6 minor 6th Bb
49 816.667 8/5 ^m6 upminor 6th ^Bb
50 833.333 81/50, 13/8 v~6 downmid 6th ^^Bb
51 850.000 18/11 ~6 mid 6th v3B
52 866.667 33/20, 28/17 ^~6 upmid 6th vvB
53 883.333 5/3 vM6 downmajor 6th vB
54 900.000 27/16 M6 major 6th B
55 916.667 56/33, 17/10 ^M6 upmajor 6th ^B
56 933.333 12/7 ^^M6 dupmajor 6th ^^B
57 950.000 121/70 ^3M6,
v3m7
triple-up major 6th,
triple-down minor 7th
^3B,
v3C
58 966.667 7/4 vvm7 dudminor 7th vvC
59 983.333 44/25 vm7 downminor 7th vC
60 1000.000 16/9 m7 minor 7th C
61 1016.667 9/5 ^m7 upminor 7th ^C
62 1033.333 20/11 v~7 downmid 7th ^^C
63 1050.000 11/6 ~7 mid 7th ^3C
64 1066.667 50/27 ^~7 upmid 7th vvC#
65 1083.333 15/8 vM7 downmajor 7th vC#
66 1100.000 66/35, 17/9 M7 major 7th C#
67 1116.667 21/11 ^M7 upmajor 7th ^C#
68 1133.333 27/14 ^^M7 dupmajor 7th ^^C#
69 1150.000 35/18 ^3M7,
v38
triple-up major 7th,
triple-down octave
^3C#,
v3D
70 1166.667 49/25 vv8 dud octave vvD
71 1183.333 99/50 v8 down octave vD
72 1200.000 2/1 P8 perfect octave D

* based on treating 72edo as a 17-limit temperament

Combining ups and downs notation with color notation, qualities can be loosely associated with colors:

quality color monzo format examples
dud minor zo {a, b, 0, 1} 7/6, 7/4
minor fourthward wa {a, b}, b < -1 32/27, 16/9
upminor gu {a, b, -1} 6/5, 9/5
mid ilo {a, b, 0, 0, 1} 11/9, 11/6
" lu {a, b, 0, 0, -1} 12/11, 18/11
downmajor yo {a, b, 1} 5/4, 5/3
major fifthward wa {a, b}, b > 1 9/8, 27/16
dup major ru {a, b, 0, -1} 9/7, 12/7

All 72-edo chords can be named using ups and downs. An up, down or mid after the chord root affects the 3rd, 6th, 7th, and/or the 11th (every other note of a stacked-3rds chord 6-1-3-5-7-9-11-13). Alterations are always enclosed in parentheses, additions never are. Here are the zo, gu, ilo, yo and ru triads:

color of the 3rd JI chord notes as edosteps notes of C chord written name spoken name
zo 6:7:9 0-16-42 C vvEb G Cvvm C dud minor
gu 10:12:15 0-19-42 C ^Eb G C^m C upminor
ilo 18:22:27 0-21-42 C v3E G C~ C mid
yo 4:5:6 0-23-42 C vE G Cv C downmajor or C down
ru 14:18:27 0-26-42 C ^^E G C^^ C dupmajor or C dup

For a more complete list, see Ups and Downs Notation #Chord names in other EDOs.

Notations

Sagittal

From the appendix to The Sagittal Songbook by Jacob A. Barton, a diagram of how to notate 72edo in the Revo flavor of Sagittal:

JI approximation

Z function

72edo is the ninth zeta integral edo, as well as being a peak and gap edo, and the maximum value of the Z function in the region near 72 occurs at 71.9506, giving an octave of 1200.824 cents, the stretched octaves of the zeta tuning. Below is a plot of Z in the region around 72.

plot72.png

15-odd-limit interval mappings

The following table shows how 15-odd-limit intervals are represented in 72edo. Prime harmonics are in bold. As 72edo is consistent in the 15-odd-limit, the results by direct approximation and patent val mapping are the same. The following table shows how 15-odd-limit intervals are represented in 72edo. Prime harmonics are in bold.

As 72edo is consistent in the 15-odd-limit, the mappings by direct approximation and through the patent val are identical.

15-odd-limit intervals in 72edo
Interval and complement Error (abs, ¢) Error (rel, %)
1/1, 2/1 0.000 0.0
7/6, 12/7 0.204 1.2
11/6, 12/11 0.637 3.8
7/5, 10/7 0.821 4.9
11/7, 14/11 0.841 5.0
9/5, 10/9 0.930 5.6
5/3, 6/5 1.025 6.2
11/8, 16/11 1.318 7.9
11/10, 20/11 1.662 10.0
9/7, 14/9 1.751 10.5
3/2, 4/3 1.955 11.7
7/4, 8/7 2.159 13.0
15/13, 26/15 2.259 13.6
11/9, 18/11 2.592 15.6
15/14, 28/15 2.776 16.7
5/4, 8/5 2.980 17.9
13/9, 18/13 3.284 19.7
15/11, 22/15 3.617 21.7
9/8, 16/9 3.910 23.5
13/10, 20/13 4.214 25.3
15/8, 16/15 4.935 29.6
13/7, 14/13 5.035 30.2
13/12, 24/13 5.239 31.4
13/11, 22/13 5.876 35.3
13/8, 16/13 7.194 43.2

Regular temperament properties

Subgroup Comma list Mapping Optimal
8ve stretch (¢)
Tuning error
Absolute (¢) Relative (%)
2.3.5 15625/15552, 531441/524288 [72 114 167]] +0.839 0.594 3.56
2.3.5.7 225/224, 1029/1024, 4375/4374 [72 114 167 202]] +0.822 0.515 3.09
2.3.5.7.11 225/224, 243/242, 385/384, 4000/3993 [72 114 167 202 249]] +0.734 0.493 2.96
2.3.5.7.11.13 169/168, 225/224, 243/242, 325/324, 385/384 [72 114 167 202 266 249]] +0.936 0.638 3.82
2.3.5.7.11.13.17 169/168, 221/220, 225/224, 243/242, 273/272, 325/324 [72 114 167 202 249 266 294]] +0.975 0.599 3.59

72et is lower in relative error than any previous equal temperaments in the 7-, 11-, 13-, 17-, and 19-limit. The next ETs doing better in these subgroups are 99, 270, 224, 494, and 217, respectively.

Commas

Commas tempered out by 72edo include…

Prime
Limit
Ratio[1] Monzo Cents Name(s)
3 (12 digits) [-19 12 23.46 Pythagorean comma
5 15625/15552 [-6 -5 6 8.11 Kleisma
5 (16 digits) [-25 7 6 31.57 Ampersand
5 (18 digits) [-13 17 -6 15.35 Graviton
5 (26 digits) [1 -27 18 0.86 Ennealimma
7 225/224 [-5 2 2 -1 7.71 Septimal kleisma, Marvel comma
7 1029/1024 [-10 1 0 3 8.43 Gamelisma
7 2401/2400 [-5 -1 -2 4 0.72 Breedsma
7 4375/4374 [-1 -7 4 1 0.40 Ragisma
7 16875/16807 [0 3 4 -5 6.99 Mirkwai
7 19683/19600 [-4 9 -2 -2 7.32 Cataharry
7 (12 digits) [-6 -8 2 5 1.12 Wizma
7 (12 digits) [-4 6 -6 3 0.33 Landscape comma
11 243/242 [-1 5 0 0 -2 7.14 Rastma
11 385/384 [-7 -1 1 1 1 4.50 Keenanisma
11 441/440 [-3 2 -1 2 -1 3.93 Werckisma
11 540/539 [2 3 1 -2 -1 3.21 Swetisma
11 1375/1372 [-2 0 3 -3 1 3.78 Moctdel
11 3025/3024 [-4 -3 2 -1 2 0.57 Lehmerisma
11 4000/3993 [5 -1 3 0 -3 3.03 Wizardharry
11 6250/6237 [1 -4 5 -1 -1 3.60 Liganellus comma
11 9801/9800 [-3 4 -2 -2 2 0.18 Kalisma, Gauss' comma
11 (14 digits) [16 -3 0 0 6 2.04 Nexus comma
13 169/168 [-3 -1 0 -1 0 2 10.27 Buzurgisma, Dhanvantarisma
13 325/324 [-2 -4 2 0 0 1 5.34 Marveltwin comma
13 351/350 [-1 3 -2 -1 0 1 4.94 Ratwolfsma
13 364/363 [2 -1 0 1 -2 1 4.76 Gentle comma
13 625/624 [-4 -1 4 0 0 -1 2.77 Tunbarsma
13 676/675 [2 -3 -2 0 0 2 2.56 Island comma, Parizeksma
13 729/728 [-3 6 0 -1 0 -1 2.38 Squbema
13 1001/1000 [-3 0 -3 1 1 1 1.73 Sinbadma
13 1575/1573 [2 2 1 -2 -1 2.20 Nicola
13 1716/1715 [2 1 -1 -3 1 1 1.01 Lummic comma
13 2080/2079 [5 -3 1 -1 -1 1 0.83 Ibnsinma
13 6656/6655 [9 0 -1 0 -3 1 0.26012 Jacobin comma
  1. Ratios longer than 10 digits are presented by placeholders with informative hints

Rank-2 temperaments

72edo provides the optimal patent val for miracle and wizard in the 7-limit, miracle, catakleismic, bikleismic, compton, ennealimnic, ennealiminal, enneaportent, marvolo and catalytic in the 11-limit, and catakleismic, bikleismic, compton, comptone, enneaportent, ennealim, catalytic, marvolo, manna, hendec, lizard, neominor, hours, and semimiracle in the 13-limit.

Periods
per octave
Generator Names
1 1\72 Quincy
1 5\72 Marvolo
1 7\72 Miracle/benediction/manna
1 11\72
1 13\72
1 17\72 Neominor
1 19\72 Catakleismic
1 23\72
1 25\72 Sqrtphi
1 29\72
1 31\72 Marvo/zarvo
1 35\72 Cotritone
2 1\72
2 5\72 Harry
2 7\72 Semimiracle
2 11\72 Unidec/hendec
2 13\72 Wizard/lizard/gizzard
2 19\72 Bikleismic
3 1\72
3 5\72 Tritikleismic
3 7\72
3 11\72 Mirkat
4 1\72 Quadritikleismic
4 5\72
4 7\72
6 1\72
6 5\72
8 1\72 Octoid
8 2\72 Octowerck
8 4\72
9 1\72
9 3\72 Ennealimmal/ennealimmic
12 1\72 Compton
18 1\72 Hemiennealimmal
24 1\72 Hours
36 1\72

Scales

Harmonic scale

Mode 8 of the harmonic series – harmonics 8 through 16, octave repeating – is well-represented in 72edo. Note that all the different step sizes are distinguished, except for 13:12 and 14:13 (conflated to 8\72edo, 133.3 cents) and 15:14 and 16:15 (conflated to 7\72edo, 116.7 cents, the generator for miracle temperament).

Harmonics in "Mode 8": 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
…as JI Ratio from 1/1: 1/1 9/8 5/4 11/8 3/2 13/8 7/4 15/8 2/1
…in cents: 0 203.9 386.3 551.3 702.0 840.5 968.8 1088.3 1200.0
Nearest degree of 72edo: 0 12 23 33 42 50 58 65 72
…in cents: 0 200.0 383.3 550.0 700.0 833.3 966.7 1083.3 1200.0
Steps as Freq. Ratio: 9:8 10:9 11:10 12:11 13:12 14:13 15:14 16:15
…in cents: 203.9 182.4 165.0 150.6 138.6 128.3 119.4 111.7
Nearest degree of 72edo: 12 11 10 9 8 8 7 7
…in cents: 200.0 183.3 166.7 150.0 133.3 133.3 116.7 116.7

Music

See also

External links