32edo

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32edo

33edo →

Prime factorization	25
Step size	37.5 ¢
Fifth	19\32 (712.5 ¢)
Semitones (A1:m2)	5:1 (187.5 ¢ : 37.5 ¢)
Consistency limit	3
Distinct consistency limit	3

32 equal divisions of the octave (abbreviated 32edo or 32ed2), also called 32-tone equal temperament (32tet) or 32 equal temperament (32et) when viewed under a regular temperament perspective, is the tuning system that divides the octave into 32 equal parts of exactly 37.5 ¢ each. Each step represents a frequency ratio of 2^1/32, or the 32nd root of 2.

Theory

32edo is generally the first power-of-2 edo which can be considered to handle low-limit just intonation at all. It has unambiguous mappings for primes up to the 11-limit, although 6/5 and Pythagorean intervals are especially poorly approximated if going by the patent val instead of using inconsistent approximations. Since 32edo is poor at approximating primes and it is a high power of 2, both traditional RTT and temperament-agnostic mos theory are of limited usefulness in the system (though it has an ultrasoft smitonic with L/s = 5/4). 32edo's 5:2:1 blackdye scale (1 5 2 5 1 5 2 5 1 5), which is melodically comparable to 31edo's 5:2:1 diasem, is notable for having 412.5¢ neogothic major thirds and 450¢ naiadics in place of the traditional 5-limit and Pythagorean major thirds in 5-limit blackdye, and the 75¢ semitone in place of 16/15. The 712.5¢ sharp fifth and the 675¢ flat fifth correspond to 3/2 and 40/27 in 5-limit blackdye, making 5:2:1 blackdye a dual-fifth scale.

Odd harmonics

Approximation of odd harmonics in 32edo

Harmonic		3	5	7	9	11	13	15	17	19	21	23
Error	Absolute (¢)	+10.5	-11.3	+6.2	-16.4	+11.2	-15.5	-0.8	+7.5	+2.5	+16.7	+9.2
	Relative (%)	+28.1	-30.2	+16.5	-43.8	+29.8	-41.4	-2.0	+20.1	+6.6	+44.6	+24.6
Steps (reduced)		51 (19)	74 (10)	90 (26)	101 (5)	111 (15)	118 (22)	125 (29)	131 (3)	136 (8)	141 (13)	145 (17)

As a tuning of other temperaments

32edo provides a good tuning for the sixix temperament, which tempers out the 5-limit sixix comma, 3125/2916, using its 9\32 generator of size 337.5 cents. Sixix temperament is generated by an approximate 6/5, which is tuned very sharp so that 5 of them octave-reduce to 4/3. Petr Pařízek's preferred generator for sixix is (128/15)^(1/11), which is 337.430 cents and which gives equal error to fifths and major thirds, so 32edo does sixix about as well as sixix can be done. The 9\32 generator can also be used for the much more inaccurate mohavila temperament which treats the 675-cent fifth from 16edo as 3/2 (basically it's mavila's response to neutral third temperaments).

It also tempers out 2048/2025 in the 5-limit, and 50/49 with 64/63 in the 7-limit, which means it supports pajara, with a very sharp fifth of 712.5 cents which could be experimented with by those with a penchant for fifths even sharper than the fifth of 27edo; this fifth is in fact very close to the minimax tuning of the pajara extension pajaro, using the 32f val. In the 11-limit it provides the optimal patent val for kangaroo temperament, tempering out 55/54, 64/63, and 245/242. This is generated by a flat 16/11 such that 3 of them reduce to 3/2 and 6 of them reduce to 8/7. Its 15-note scale could potentially be used as a detempering of 15edo.

The sharp fifth of 32edo can be used to generate a very unequal archy (specifically oceanfront) diatonic scale, with a diatonic semitone of 5 steps and a chromatic semitone of only 1. The diatonic major third (which can sound like both a major third and a flat fourth depending on context) is an interseptimal interval of 450¢, approximating 9/7 and 13/10, and the minor third is 262.5¢, approximating 7/6. In addition to the sharp fifth, there is an alternative mavila-like flat fifth of 675 ¢ (inherited from 16edo), but it is much more inaccurate than the sharp fifth, so 32edo cannot truly be considered a dual-fifth system.

Subsets and supersets

Since 32 is a power of two and factors as 2⁵, 32edo contains subset edos 2, 4, 8, and 16.

See also 32nd-octave temperaments.

Intervals

Degree	Cents	Ups and downs notation			13-limit Ratios	Other
0	0.0	P1	perfect unison	D	1/1
1	37.5	^1, m2	up unison, minor 2nd	^D, Eb	49/48, 50/49, 45/44	46/45, 52/51, 51/50
2	75.0	^m2	upminor 2nd	^Eb	22/21, 25/24	24/23, 23/22
3	112.5	^^m2	dupminor 2nd	^^Eb	16/15	49/46
4	150.0	vvM2	dudmajor 2nd	vvE	12/11, 49/45	25/23
5	187.5	A1, vM2	aug 1sn, downmajor 2nd	D#, vE	10/9, 39/35	19/17
6	225.0	M2	major 2nd	E	8/7, 25/22	57/50
7	262.5	m3	minor 3rd	F	7/6, 64/55	57/49
8	300.0	^m3	upminor 3rd	^F	6/5, 32/27	19/16
9	337.5	^^m3	dupminor 3rd	^^F	11/9, 39/32, 63/52	17/14, 28/23
10	375.0	vvM3	dudmajor 3rd	vvF#	5/4, 26/21, 56/45, 96/77	36/29
11	412.5	vM3	downmajor 3rd	vF#	14/11, 33/26, 80/63	19/15
12	450.0	M3	major 3rd	F#	13/10, 35/27, 64/49	22/17, 57/44
13	487.5	P4	perfect 4th	G	4/3, 33/25, 160/121	45/34, 85/64
14	525.0	^4	up 4th	^G	27/20, 110/81	19/14, 23/17
15	562.5	^^4, ^d5	dup 4th, updim 5th	^^G, ^Ab	18/13, 11/8
16	600.0	vvA4, ^^d5	dudaug 4th, dupdim 5th	vvG#, ^^Ab	7/5, 10/7, 99/70, 140/99	17/12, 12/17
17	637.5	vA4, vv5	downaug 4th, dud 5th	vG#, vvA	13/9, 16/11
18	675.0	v5	down 5th	vA	40/27, 81/55	28/19, 34/23
19	712.5	P5	perfect 5th	A	3/2, 50/33, 121/80	68/45, 128/85
20	750.0	m6	minor 6th	Bb	20/13, 54/35, 49/32	17/11, 88/57
21	787.5	^m6	upminor 6th	^Bb	11/7, 52/33, 63/40	30/19
22	825.0	^^m6	dupminor 6th	^^Bb	8/5, 21/13, 45/28, 77/48	29/18
23	862.5	vvM6	dudmajor 6th	vvB	18/11, 64/39, 104/63	28/17, 23/14
24	900.0	vM6	downmajor 6th	vB	5/3, 27/16	32/19
25	937.5	M6	major 6th	B	12/7, 55/32	98/57
26	975.0	m7	minor 7th	C	7/4, 44/25	100/57
27	1012.5	^m7	upminor 7th	^C	9/5, 70/39	34/19
28	1050.0	^^m7	dupminor 7th	^^C	11/6, 90/49	46/25
29	1087.5	vvM7	dudmajor 7th	vvC#	15/8	92/49
30	1125.0	vM7	downmajor 7th	vC#	21/11, 48/25	23/12, 44/23
31	1162.5	M7, v8	major 7th, down 8ve	C#, vD	96/49, 49/25, 88/45	45/23, 51/26, 100/51
32	1200.0	P8	8ve	D	2/1

Notation

Stein–Zimmermann–Gould notation

Stein–Zimmermann–Gould notation uses sharps and flats with arrows:

Step offset	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Sharp symbol													
Flat symbol													

If the arrows are taken to have their own layer of enharmonic spellings, then in some cases notes may be best denoted using triple arrows.

Kite's ups and downs notation

32edo can also be notated with Kite's ups and downs, spoken as up, dup, dudsharp, downsharp, sharp, upsharp etc. and down, dud, dupflat etc. Note that dudsharp is equivalent to trup (triple-up) and dupflat is equivalent to trud (triple-down).

Step offset	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
Sharp symbol
Flat symbol

Sagittal notation

This notation uses the same sagittal sequence as 25edo, and is a subset of the notation for 64b-edo.

Evo flavor

Revo flavor

Approximation to JI

The following tables show how 15-odd-limit intervals are represented in 32edo. Prime harmonics are in bold; inconsistent intervals are in italics.

15-odd-limit intervals in 32edo (direct approximation, even if inconsistent)

Interval and complement	Error (abs, ¢)	Error (rel, %)
1/1, 2/1	0.000	0.0
11/6, 12/11	0.637	1.7
15/8, 16/15	0.769	2.0
13/9, 18/13	0.882	2.4
13/10, 20/13	4.214	11.2
7/6, 12/7	4.371	11.7
11/7, 14/11	5.008	13.4
9/5, 10/9	5.096	13.6
7/4, 8/7	6.174	16.5
15/14, 28/15	6.943	18.5
11/9, 18/11	9.908	26.4
3/2, 4/3	10.545	28.1
13/11, 22/13	10.790	28.8
11/8, 16/11	11.182	29.8
5/4, 8/5	11.314	30.2
13/12, 24/13	11.427	30.5
15/11, 22/15	11.951	31.9
15/13, 26/15	14.759	39.4
9/7, 14/9	14.916	39.8
11/10, 20/11	15.004	40.0
13/8, 16/13	15.528	41.4
5/3, 6/5	15.641	41.7
13/7, 14/13	15.798	42.1
9/8, 16/9	16.410	43.8
7/5, 10/7	17.488	46.6

15-odd-limit intervals in 32edo (patent val mapping)

Interval and complement	Error (abs, ¢)	Error (rel, %)
1/1, 2/1	0.000	0.0
11/6, 12/11	0.637	1.7
15/8, 16/15	0.769	2.0
13/10, 20/13	4.214	11.2
7/6, 12/7	4.371	11.7
11/7, 14/11	5.008	13.4
7/4, 8/7	6.174	16.5
15/14, 28/15	6.943	18.5
11/9, 18/11	9.908	26.4
3/2, 4/3	10.545	28.1
11/8, 16/11	11.182	29.8
5/4, 8/5	11.314	30.2
15/11, 22/15	11.951	31.9
15/13, 26/15	14.759	39.4
9/7, 14/9	14.916	39.8
13/8, 16/13	15.528	41.4
7/5, 10/7	17.488	46.6
9/8, 16/9	21.090	56.2
13/7, 14/13	21.702	57.9
5/3, 6/5	21.859	58.3
11/10, 20/11	22.496	60.0
13/12, 24/13	26.073	69.5
13/11, 22/13	26.710	71.2
9/5, 10/9	32.404	86.4
13/9, 18/13	36.618	97.6

Regular temperament properties

Subgroup	Comma list	Mapping	Optimal 8ve stretch (¢)	Tuning error
				Absolute (¢)	Relative (%)
2.3	[51 -32⟩	[⟨32 51]]	-3.327	3.32	8.87
2.3.7	64/63, 46118408/43046721	[⟨32 51 90]]	-2.950	2.76	7.38
2.3.5	648/625, 20480/19683	[⟨32 51 75]] (32c)	-5.965	4.61	12.3
2.3.5.7	64/63, 245/243, 392/375	[⟨32 51 75 90]] (32c)	-5.027	4.31	11.5
2.3.5	2048/2025, 3125/2916	[⟨32 51 74]] (32)	+0.177	4.72	12.6
2.3.5.7	50/49, 64/63, 3125/2916	[⟨32 51 75 90]] (32)	-1.008	4.15	11.1

Rank-2 temperaments

Table of rank-2 temperaments by generator

Periods per 8ve	Generator*	Cents*	Associated ratio*	Temperaments
1	1\32	37.5	49/48	Slender (32)
1	9\32	262.5	7/6	Septimin (32f)
1	9\32	337.5	6/5	Sixix (32f)
1	13\32	487.5	4/3	Superpyth (32c, 7-limit) / ultrapyth (32) / quasiultra (32)
1	15\32	562.5	7/5	Progress (32cf)
2	13\32	487.5	4/3	Pajara (32, 7-limit)
8	14\33 (1\32)	487.5 (37.5)	4/3 (36/35)	Octonion (32cf)
16	14\33 (1\32)	487.5 (37.5)	4/3 (45/44)	Sedecic (32)

* Octave-reduced form, reduced to the first half-octave, and minimal form in parentheses if distinct

Delta-rational harmony

The tables below show chords that approximate 3-integer-limit delta-rational chords with least-squares error less than 0.0015.

Fully delta-rational triads

Steps	Delta signature	Least-squares error
0,1,2	+1+1	0.00023
0,1,3	+1+2	0.00051
0,1,4	+1+3	0.00083
0,2,3	+2+1	0.00041
0,2,4	+1+1	0.00092
0,3,4	+3+1	0.00060
0,3,11	+1+3	0.00014
0,4,11	+1+2	0.00087
0,5,8	+3+2	0.00076
0,6,16	+1+2	0.00076
0,8,26	+1+3	0.00016
0,9,23	+1+2	0.00000
0,12,17	+2+1	0.00004
0,13,20	+3+2	0.00008
0,15,21	+2+1	0.00007
0,18,27	+3+2	0.00000
0,22,30	+2+1	0.00030
0,25,31	+3+1	0.00062

Partially delta-rational tetrads

Steps	Delta signature	Least-squares error
0,1,2,3	+1+?+1	0.00056
0,1,2,4	+1+?+2	0.00100
0,1,3,4	+1+?+1	0.00085
0,1,16,17	+2+?+3	0.00091
0,1,16,18	+1+?+3	0.00093
0,1,17,18	+2+?+3	0.00058
0,1,17,19	+1+?+3	0.00051
0,1,18,19	+2+?+3	0.00025
0,1,18,20	+1+?+3	0.00009
0,1,19,20	+2+?+3	0.00010
0,1,19,21	+1+?+3	0.00034
0,1,20,21	+2+?+3	0.00045
0,1,20,22	+1+?+3	0.00078
0,1,21,22	+2+?+3	0.00081
0,1,30,31	+1+?+2	0.00076
0,2,3,4	+2+?+1	0.00082
0,2,6,11	+1+?+3	0.00077
0,2,7,12	+1+?+3	0.00009
0,2,8,13	+1+?+3	0.00097
0,2,12,13	+3+?+2	0.00072
0,2,12,15	+1+?+2	0.00060
0,2,13,14	+3+?+2	0.00032
0,2,13,16	+1+?+2	0.00018
0,2,14,15	+3+?+2	0.00009
0,2,14,17	+1+?+2	0.00097
0,2,15,16	+3+?+2	0.00050
0,2,16,17	+3+?+2	0.00093
0,2,17,21	+1+?+3	0.00061
0,2,18,20	+2+?+3	0.00050
0,2,18,22	+1+?+3	0.00025
0,2,19,21	+2+?+3	0.00020
0,2,20,22	+2+?+3	0.00091
0,3,4,8	+2+?+3	0.00098
0,3,5,9	+2+?+3	0.00007
0,3,7,12	+1+?+2	0.00048
0,3,8,13	+1+?+2	0.00071
0,3,9,16	+1+?+3	0.00074
0,3,10,17	+1+?+3	0.00057
0,3,17,23	+1+?+3	0.00026
0,3,18,19	+2+?+1	0.00082
0,3,18,21	+2+?+3	0.00075
0,3,18,22	+1+?+2	0.00025
0,3,19,20	+2+?+1	0.00035
0,3,19,21	+1+?+1	0.00019
0,3,19,22	+2+?+3	0.00030
0,3,19,23	+1+?+2	0.00094
0,3,20,21	+2+?+1	0.00013
0,3,20,22	+1+?+1	0.00066
0,3,21,22	+2+?+1	0.00063
0,3,26,31	+1+?+3	0.00016
0,4,5,12	+1+?+2	0.00059
0,4,5,15	+1+?+3	0.00060
0,4,8,13	+2+?+3	0.00013
0,4,11,20	+1+?+3	0.00049
0,4,12,18	+1+?+2	0.00042
0,4,13,14	+3+?+1	0.00079
0,4,13,16	+1+?+1	0.00088
0,4,14,15	+3+?+1	0.00035
0,4,14,16	+3+?+2	0.00024
0,4,14,17	+1+?+1	0.00024
0,4,15,16	+3+?+1	0.00009
0,4,15,17	+3+?+2	0.00060
0,4,16,17	+3+?+1	0.00055
0,4,17,25	+1+?+3	0.00058
0,4,19,23	+2+?+3	0.00040
0,4,21,26	+1+?+2	0.00030
0,4,23,30	+1+?+3	0.00062
0,5,6,9	+3+?+2	0.00013
0,5,7,19	+1+?+3	0.00069
0,5,9,17	+1+?+2	0.00047
0,5,10,16	+2+?+3	0.00038
0,5,11,13	+2+?+1	0.00067
0,5,11,15	+1+?+1	0.00027
0,5,11,22	+1+?+3	0.00052
0,5,12,14	+2+?+1	0.00015
0,5,13,15	+2+?+1	0.00099
0,5,15,22	+1+?+2	0.00090
0,5,16,26	+1+?+3	0.00034
0,5,19,24	+2+?+3	0.00051
0,5,23,29	+1+?+2	0.00015
0,5,24,25	+3+?+1	0.00090
0,5,24,27	+1+?+1	0.00085
0,5,25,26	+3+?+1	0.00034
0,5,25,27	+3+?+2	0.00011
0,5,25,28	+1+?+1	0.00058
0,5,26,27	+3+?+1	0.00023
0,5,26,28	+3+?+2	0.00096
0,5,27,28	+3+?+1	0.00081
0,6,9,14	+1+?+1	0.00013
0,6,11,18	+2+?+3	0.00020
0,6,12,21	+1+?+2	0.00064
0,6,15,18	+3+?+2	0.00025
0,6,18,26	+1+?+2	0.00075
0,6,19,25	+2+?+3	0.00062
0,6,20,22	+2+?+1	0.00074
0,6,20,24	+1+?+1	0.00046
0,6,20,31	+1+?+3	0.00043
0,6,21,23	+2+?+1	0.00025
0,6,24,31	+1+?+2	0.00091
0,7,8,12	+3+?+2	0.00097
0,7,8,14	+1+?+1	0.00076
0,7,8,24	+1+?+3	0.00043
0,7,9,11	+3+?+1	0.00053
0,7,9,12	+2+?+1	0.00018
0,7,9,13	+3+?+2	0.00054
0,7,9,20	+1+?+2	0.00020
0,7,10,12	+3+?+1	0.00028
0,7,12,20	+2+?+3	0.00010
0,7,14,24	+1+?+2	0.00004
0,7,15,29	+1+?+3	0.00028
0,7,17,22	+1+?+1	0.00091
0,7,19,26	+2+?+3	0.00073
0,7,22,25	+3+?+2	0.00065
0,7,23,26	+3+?+2	0.00086
0,7,27,31	+1+?+1	0.00074
0,7,28,30	+2+?+1	0.00044
0,7,29,31	+2+?+1	0.00074
0,8,11,23	+1+?+2	0.00070
0,8,11,28	+1+?+3	0.00080
0,8,13,22	+2+?+3	0.00070
0,8,14,20	+1+?+1	0.00072
0,8,15,19	+3+?+2	0.00057
0,8,16,18	+3+?+1	0.00031
0,8,16,19	+2+?+1	0.00023
0,8,16,27	+1+?+2	0.00085
0,8,17,19	+3+?+1	0.00063
0,8,19,27	+2+?+3	0.00084
0,8,23,28	+1+?+1	0.00055
0,9,10,15	+3+?+2	0.00092
0,9,11,30	+1+?+3	0.00012
0,9,13,20	+1+?+1	0.00100
0,9,13,26	+1+?+2	0.00021
0,9,17,29	+1+?+2	0.00062
0,9,19,28	+2+?+3	0.00096
0,9,20,26	+1+?+1	0.00070
0,9,21,25	+3+?+2	0.00055
0,9,22,24	+3+?+1	0.00031
0,9,22,25	+2+?+1	0.00034
0,9,23,25	+3+?+1	0.00077
0,10,13,17	+2+?+1	0.00066
0,10,14,25	+2+?+3	0.00076
0,10,16,21	+3+?+2	0.00034
0,10,18,25	+1+?+1	0.00004
0,10,27,29	+3+?+1	0.00080
0,10,27,30	+2+?+1	0.00029
0,10,27,31	+3+?+2	0.00077
0,10,28,30	+3+?+1	0.00040
0,11,12,18	+3+?+2	0.00040
0,11,12,28	+1+?+2	0.00038
0,11,13,16	+3+?+1	0.00049
0,11,14,17	+3+?+1	0.00085
0,11,14,26	+2+?+3	0.00077
0,11,16,24	+1+?+1	0.00085
0,11,18,22	+2+?+1	0.00057
0,11,21,26	+3+?+2	0.00058
0,11,23,30	+1+?+1	0.00023
0,12,15,24	+1+?+1	0.00060
0,12,18,21	+3+?+1	0.00014
0,12,21,29	+1+?+1	0.00078
0,12,23,27	+2+?+1	0.00036
0,12,25,30	+3+?+2	0.00084
0,13,16,21	+2+?+1	0.00057
0,13,19,28	+1+?+1	0.00023
0,13,22,25	+3+?+1	0.00019
0,13,27,31	+2+?+1	0.00012
0,14,15,30	+2+?+3	0.00004
0,14,17,24	+3+?+2	0.00028
0,14,20,25	+2+?+1	0.00048
0,14,26,29	+3+?+1	0.00012
0,15,16,20	+3+?+1	0.00002
0,15,24,29	+2+?+1	0.00028
0,16,20,31	+1+?+1	0.00042
0,16,24,31	+3+?+2	0.00051
0,17,21,29	+3+?+2	0.00090
0,17,22,28	+2+?+1	0.00062
0,17,23,27	+3+?+1	0.00039
0,18,25,31	+2+?+1	0.00007
0,18,26,30	+3+?+1	0.00001
0,19,21,30	+3+?+2	0.00014
0,20,21,26	+3+?+1	0.00032
0,21,24,29	+3+?+1	0.00026

Octave stretch or compression

Whether octave stretch, shrink or neither is advised for 32edo depends on which vals one wishes to use.

For 32, pure-octaves, or slight compression (~0.5 ¢), works well.

For 32f, moderate compression (~2 ¢) works well. This is close to 133zpi (32.07edo).

For 32c or 32cf, substantial compression (3-4 ¢) is well suited.

For 32be, substantial stretch works (~5 ¢). This is close to 132zpi (31.86edo).

The graph shows zeta near 32edo.

Scales

A list of useful scales known so far in 32edo.

Named

• Antipental blues: 9 5 1 4 9 4

Unnamed

• Bluesy spy music-type scale no. 1: 7 3 9 9 4
• Bluesy spy music-type scale no. 2: 9 6 1 3 13
• Nocturnal fay-type scale: 5 14 3 3 7
• Pseudo-kokinjoshi no. 1: 6 2 11 6 7
• Pseudo-kokinjoshi no. 2: 3 10 5 9 5
• Pseudo-kokinjoshi no. 3: 5 9 5 3 10
• Pseudo-pelog #m3 #m6: 3 5 10 4 10
• Pseudo-pelog ##m3 #P5 #m6: 3 6 10 3 10
• Robotic-type scale, good for contemporary classical: 16 3 4 3 6
• Sunny crystalline-type scale no. 1: 4 4 6 5 8 5
• Sunny crystalline-type scale no. 2: 9 6 4 4 4 5

Instruments

• Lumatone mapping for 32edo

Music

Modern renderings

Koji Kondo

• "Lost Woods" from The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time OST (1998) – covered by Bryan Deister (2025)

21st century

Bryan Deister

• 32edo improv (2025)
• Licorice Hearted (2026)
  • short 1 · short 2

groundfault

• "Winter's Mortal Hope", from A New Dusk (2024) – Bandcamp | YouTube (22:37–26:00)

Claudi Meneghin

• Canon on Twinkle Twinkle Little Star
  • for organ (2023) · for baroque oboe & viola (2024)

Petr Pařízek

• Sixix

Billy Stiltner

• 1332 (2019)

Chris Vaisvil

• 32 32 32 Nothing Less Will Do

Anne Veinberg

• 8 vs 16 vs 32 Notes Per Octave — The 96-Tone Piano in Its Subdivision Glory (2026, performed on a digital recreation of Julián Carrillo's 96-tone metamorphoser piano, using subsets 8edo, 16edo, 32edo, and then glissandos in full 96edo)

Stephen Weigel

• "Zinnia Riplet", featured in Possible Worlds Vol. 4 (2019) of Spectropol Records
• Admin's Hot Tub (2019)

x2st

• Beyond the Grid (2024)
• Slither (2025)
• Cipher (2025)
• Revelation (2026)