Major second: Difference between revisions
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A '''major second''' ('''M2'''), | A '''major second''' ('''M2''') is the larger of two "seconds" - intervals spanning 2 degrees or 1 scale step in the diatonic scale. It is found on the 1st note of the major scale, hence its name. Because it is one step, it is also called a "whole tone". Another diatonic interval [[Enharmonic|around the same size]] is the '''diminished third'''. | ||
More generally, an interval close to 200 cents can be called a major second. | |||
== As an interval region == | |||
As a concrete [[interval region]], a major second is typically near 200{{c}} in size, distinct from the [[Semitone (interval region)|semitone]] of roughly 100 ¢ and the [[neutral second]] of roughly 150{{c}}. A rough tuning range for the major second is about 180 to 240{{c}} according to [[Margo Schulter]]'s theory of interval regions. | |||
This article covers intervals between 160 and 260{{c}}. The outer range of this might be too extreme to call "major seconds", but this is done so that one can find what they are looking for easily. | This article covers intervals between 160 and 260{{c}}. The outer range of this might be too extreme to call "major seconds", but this is done so that one can find what they are looking for easily. | ||
=== In MOS scales === | |||
Being a small interval, major seconds generate a number of monosmall and monolarge [[MOS scale|MOS scales]]. | |||
These tables start from the last monolarge MOS generated by the interval range. | |||
Scales with more than 12 notes are not included. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Range | |||
! colspan="3" | MOS | |||
|- | |||
| 150–171{{c}} | |||
| [[1L 6s]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[7L 1s]] | |||
|- | |||
| 171–200{{c}} | |||
| [[1L 5s]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[6L 1s]] | |||
|- | |||
| 200–218{{c}} | |||
| rowspan="2" | [[1L 4s]] | |||
| rowspan="2" | [[5L 1s]] | |||
| [[6L 5s]] | |||
|- | |||
| 218–240{{c}} | |||
| [[5L 6s]] | |||
|- | |||
| 240–267{{c}} | |||
| [[1L 3s]] | |||
| [[4L 1s]] | |||
| [[5L 4s]] | |||
|} | |||
== As a diatonic interval category == | |||
As a diatonic interval category, a major second is an interval that spans one scale step in the [[5L 2s|diatonic]] scale with the major (wider) quality. It is generated by stacking 2 fifths [[Octave reduction|octave reduced]], and depending on the specific tuning, it ranges from 171 to 240 [[Cent|¢]] ([[7edo|1\7]] to [[5edo|1\5]]). | |||
In [[just intonation]], an interval may be classified as a major second if it is reasonably mapped to 2 steps of the chromatic scale - formally, this is 4\24, which is used as opposed to [[12edo]]'s 2\12 to better capture the characteristics of many intervals in the [[11-limit|11-]] and [[13-limit]] - and 1 step of the diatonic scale. Diminished thirds are mapped to 2 steps of the chromatic scale and 2 steps of the diatonic scale. | |||
In TAMNAMS, the major second is called the '''major 1-diastep'''. | |||
=== Scale info === | |||
In the Ionian (major) mode of the diatonic scale, the five major seconds can be found on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 6th degrees. | |||
== In just intonation == | == In just intonation == | ||
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== In | == In regular temperaments == | ||
The three simplest major second ratios are 10/9, 9/8, and 8/7, and these along with other more complex interpretations serve as [[generator]]s for a variety of [[regular temperament]]s. | The three simplest major second ratios are 10/9, 9/8, and 8/7, and these along with other more complex interpretations serve as [[generator]]s for a variety of [[regular temperament]]s. | ||