Medium comma: Difference between revisions

From Xenharmonic Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Add systematic names for the Hunt commas
 
(40 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
A '''medium comma''' is a [[comma]] whose size is approximately between 30 and 100 cents. These commas are easily perceptible. Many schools do not consider them true commas. In [[Sagittal notation]], intervals in the smaller part of this category are [[diesis (melodic unit)|dieses]], and intervals in the larger part of this category are semitones<ref>[https://sagittal.org/sagittal.pdf ''Sagittal – A Microtonal Notation System''] by [[George Secor|George D. Secor]] and [[Dave Keenan|David C. Keenan]]</ref>.  
A '''medium comma''' is a [[comma]] whose size is approximately between 30 and 100 cents. These commas are easily perceptible. Many schools do not consider them true commas. In [[Sagittal notation]], intervals in the smaller part of this category are [[diesis (interval region)|dieses]], and intervals in the larger part of this category are [[semitone (interval region)|semitones]]<ref>[https://sagittal.org/sagittal.pdf ''Sagittal – A Microtonal Notation System''] by [[George Secor|George D. Secor]] and [[Dave Keenan|David C. Keenan]]</ref>.  


For commas over 100 cents, see [[Large comma]]; for commas under 30 cents, see [[Small comma]]; for such under 3.5 cents see [[Unnoticeable comma]].
For commas over 100 cents, see [[Large comma]]; for commas under 30 cents, see [[Small comma]]; for such under 3.5 cents see [[Unnoticeable comma]].


Except for the 3-limit commas, the [[color name]] refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out.
Except for the 3-limit commas, the [[color name]] refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out.
The commas might be numerous, but there is no need to memorise all the names. For pretty much all use cases, it is perfectly acceptable – preferred, even – to just refer to a comma by the monzo or ratio, whichever is simpler.


== List of commas, by prime limit ==
== List of commas, by prime limit ==
Line 11: Line 13:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 18: Line 20:
|-
|-
| [[256/243|Pythagorean limma]], blackwood comma
| [[256/243|Pythagorean limma]], blackwood comma
| Sawa
| Sawama
| sw2
| swM
| 256 / 243
| 256 / 243
| {{monzo| 8 -5 }}
| {{Monzo| 8 -5 }}
| 90.225
| 90.225
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 301-comma
| 301-comma
| Wa-301
| 301wama
| w-301
| 301wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -477 301 }}
| {{Monzo| -477 301 }}
| 88.455
| 88.455
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 248-comma
| 248-comma
| Wa-248
| 248wama
| w-248
| 248wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -393 248 }}
| {{Monzo| -393 248 }}
| 84.840
| 84.840
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 111-comma
| 111-comma
| Wa-111
| 111wama
| w-111
| 111wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 176 -111 }}
| {{Monzo| 176 -111 }}
| 82.995
| 82.995
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 142-comma
| 142-comma
| Wa-142
| 142wama
| w-142
| 142wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -225 142 }}
| {{Monzo| -225 142 }}
| 77.610
| 77.610
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 217-comma
| 217-comma
| Wa-217
| 217wama
| w-217
| 217wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 344 -217 }}
| {{Monzo| 344 -217 }}
| 75.765
| 75.765
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 89-comma
| 89-comma
| Wa-89
| 89wama
| w-89
| 89wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -141 89 }}
| {{Monzo| -141 89 }}
| 73.995
| 73.995
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[Gothic comma]], Pythagorean gothma, 17-comma
| [[Gothic comma]], Pythagorean gothma, 17-comma
| Wa-17
| 17wama, Sewama
| ssw3
| 17wM
| 134217728 / 129140163
| 134217728 / 129140163
| {{monzo| 27 -17 }}
| {{Monzo| 27 -17 }}
| 66.765
| 66.765
| [[Flora Canou]] (2023) ''(for Pyth. gothma and gothic comma)''
| [[Flora Canou]] (2023)
|-
|-
| 289-comma
| 289-comma
| Wa-289
| 289wama
| w-289
| 289wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -458 289 }}
| {{Monzo| -458 289 }}
| 64.995
| 64.995
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 70-comma
| [[Jorgensen comma]], 70-comma
| Wa-70
| 70wama
| w-70
| 70wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 111 -70 }}
| {{Monzo| 111 -70 }}
| 63.150
| 63.150
|  
| [[Mike Battaglia]] (2012)<ref>[https://yahootuninggroupsultimatebackup.github.io/tuning/topicId_103982.html Yahoo! Tuning Group | ''Jorgensen Temperament'']</ref>
|-
|-
| 183-comma
| 183-comma
| Wa-183
| 183wama
| w-183
| 183wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -290 183 }}
| {{Monzo| -290 183 }}
| 57.765
| 57.765
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 176-comma
| 176-comma
| Wa-176
| 176wama
| w-176
| 176wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 279 -176 }}
| {{Monzo| 279 -176 }}
| 55.920
| 55.920
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 229-comma
| 229-comma
| Wa-229
| 229wama
| w-229
| 229wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 363 -229 }}
| {{Monzo| 363 -229 }}
| 52.305
| 52.305
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 77-comma
| 77-comma
| Wa-77
| 77wama
| w-77
| 77wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -122 77 }}
| {{Monzo| -122 77 }}
| 50.535
| 50.535
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[Mystery comma]], 29-comma
| [[Mystery comma]], 29-comma
| Wa-29
| 29wama, Twenewama
| w-29
| 29wM
| 70368744177664 / <br>68630377364883
| 70368744177664 / 68630377364883
| {{monzo| 46 -29 }}
| {{Monzo| 46 -29 }}
| 43.305
| 43.305
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 277-comma
| 277-comma
| Wa-277
| 277wama
| w-277
| 277wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -439 277 }}
| {{Monzo| -439 277 }}
| 41.535
| 41.535
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 224-comma
| 224-comma
| Wa-224
| 224wama
| w-224
| 224wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -355 224 }}
| {{Monzo| -355 224 }}
| 37.920
| 37.920
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 135-comma
| 135-comma
| Wa-135
| 135wama
| w-135
| 135wM
|
|
| {{monzo| 214 -135 }}
| {{Monzo| 214 -135 }}
| 36.075
| 36.075
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 171-comma
| 171-comma
| Wa-171
| 171wama
| w-171
| 171wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -271 171 }}
| {{Monzo| -271 171 }}
| 34.305
| 34.305
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 118-comma
| 118-comma
| Wa-118
| 118wama
| w-118
| 118wM
|
|
| {{monzo| -187 118 }}
| {{Monzo| -187 118 }}
| 30.690
| 30.690
|  
|  
Line 179: Line 181:


=== 5-limit commas ===
=== 5-limit commas ===
{{See also| Table of 5-limit commas }}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 196: Line 197:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[135/128|Pelogic comma]], major chroma
| [[135/128|Mavila comma]], major chroma
| Layobi
| Layobi
| Ly1
| Ly1
Line 202: Line 203:
| {{Monzo| -7 3 1 }}
| {{Monzo| -7 3 1 }}
| 92.179
| 92.179
|  
| [[Erv Wilson]] (1989)
|-
|-
| Quasisuper comma
| Quasisuper comma
Line 214: Line 215:
| Bohpier comma, [[13edt]] comma
| Bohpier comma, [[13edt]] comma
| Satheyo
| Satheyo
| sy<sup>13</sup>-2
| s13y-2
| 1220703125 / 1162261467
| 1220703125 / 1162261467
| {{Monzo| 0 -19 13 }}
| {{Monzo| 0 -19 13 }}
Line 222: Line 223:
| [[6561/6250|Ripple comma]]
| [[6561/6250|Ripple comma]]
| Quingu
| Quingu
| g<sup>5</sup>2
| 5g2
| 6561 / 6250
| 6561 / 6250
| {{Monzo| -1 8 -5 }}
| {{Monzo| -1 8 -5 }}
Line 230: Line 231:
| [[Dodecoid comma]]
| [[Dodecoid comma]]
| Sasa-sepgu
| Sasa-sepgu
| ssg<sup>7</sup>4
| ss7g4
| 536870912 / 512578125
| 536870912 / 512578125
| {{Monzo| 29 -8 -7 }}
| {{Monzo| 29 -8 -7 }}
Line 238: Line 239:
| Doublewide comma
| Doublewide comma
| Quadbiyo
| Quadbiyo
| y<sup>8</sup>-2
| 8y-2
| 390625 / 373248
| 390625 / 373248
| {{Monzo| -9 -6 8 }}
| {{Monzo| -9 -6 8 }}
Line 246: Line 247:
| Sevond comma
| Sevond comma
| Sasepyo
| Sasepyo
| sy<sup>7</sup>1
| s7y1
| 5000000 / 4782969
| 5000000 / 4782969
| {{Monzo| 6 -14 7 }}
| {{Monzo| 6 -14 7 }}
Line 254: Line 255:
| Nusecond comma
| Nusecond comma
| Legu
| Legu
| g<sup>11</sup>3
| 11g3
| 51018336 / 48828125
| 51018336 / 48828125
| {{Monzo| 5 13 -11 }}
| {{Monzo| 5 13 -11 }}
Line 262: Line 263:
| Sentinel comma
| Sentinel comma
| Trila-quadyo
| Trila-quadyo
| L<sup>3</sup>y<sup>4</sup>-3
| 3L4y-3
| 8968066875 / 8589934592
| 8968066875 / 8589934592
| {{Monzo| -33 15 4 }}
| {{Monzo| -33 15 4 }}
Line 270: Line 271:
| [[Hypovishnuzma]]
| [[Hypovishnuzma]]
| Saquadtrigu
| Saquadtrigu
| sg<sup>12</sup>4
| s12g4
| 254803968 / 244140625
| 254803968 / 244140625
| {{Monzo| 20 5 -12 }}
| {{Monzo| 20 5 -12 }}
Line 278: Line 279:
| Stump comma
| Stump comma
| Latriyo
| Latriyo
| Ly<sup>3</sup>-2
| L3y-2
| 273375 / 262144
| 273375 / 262144
| {{Monzo| -18 7 3 }}
| {{Monzo| -18 7 3 }}
Line 302: Line 303:
| [[648/625|Diminished comma]], major diesis
| [[648/625|Diminished comma]], major diesis
| Quadgu
| Quadgu
| g<sup>4</sup>2
| 4g2
| 648 / 625
| 648 / 625
| {{Monzo| 3 4 -4 }}
| {{Monzo| 3 4 -4 }}
Line 310: Line 311:
| [[Passion comma]]
| [[Passion comma]]
| Saquingu
| Saquingu
| sg<sup>5</sup>3
| s5g3
| 262144 / 253125
| 262144 / 253125
| {{Monzo| 18 -4 -5 }}
| {{Monzo| 18 -4 -5 }}
Line 318: Line 319:
| [[Shibboleth comma]]
| [[Shibboleth comma]]
| Tritriyo
| Tritriyo
| y<sup>9</sup>-2
| 9y-2
| 1953125 / 1889568
| 1953125 / 1889568
| {{Monzo| -5 -10 9 }}
| {{Monzo| -5 -10 9 }}
| 57.273
| 57.273
| [[Paul Erlich]] (2002)
| [[Paul Erlich]] (2002)
|-
| [[Xenial comma]]
| Latritrigu
| L9g2
| 129140163 / 125000000
| {{Monzo| -6 17 -9 }}
| 56.412
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2026)
|-
|-
| Mynic comma
| Mynic comma
| Quinbigu
| Quinbigu
| g<sup>10</sup>3
| 10g3
| 10077696 / 9765625
| 10077696 / 9765625
| {{Monzo| 9 9 -10 }}
| {{Monzo| 9 9 -10 }}
Line 334: Line 343:
| Tritonic comma
| Tritonic comma
| Lala-quinyo
| Lala-quinyo
| LLy<sup>5</sup>-3
| LL5y-3
| 553584375 / 536870912
| 553584375 / 536870912
| {{Monzo| -29 11 5 }}
| {{Monzo| -29 11 5 }}
Line 342: Line 351:
| [[Magus comma]]
| [[Magus comma]]
| Salegu
| Salegu
| sg<sup>11</sup>4
| s11g4
| 50331648 / 48828125
| 50331648 / 48828125
| {{Monzo| 24 1 -11 }}
| {{Monzo| 24 1 -11 }}
| 52.504
| 52.504
| [[ArrowHead294]] (2024)
|  
|-
|-
| [[Negri comma]], double augmentation diesis
| [[Negri comma]], double augmentation diesis
| Laquadyo
| Laquadyo
| Ly<sup>4</sup>-2
| L4y-2
| 16875 / 16384
| 16875 / 16384
| {{Monzo| -14 3 4 }}
| {{Monzo| -14 3 4 }}
Line 358: Line 367:
| [[Goldis comma]]
| [[Goldis comma]]
| Trisa-quadtrigu
| Trisa-quadtrigu
| s<sup>3</sup>g<sup>12</sup>5
| 3s12g5
| 549755813888 / 533935546875
| 549755813888 / 533935546875
| {{Monzo| 39 -7 -12 }}
| {{Monzo| 39 -7 -12 }}
| 50.550
| 50.550
| [[Godtone]] (2024)
| [[Userminusone]] (2021)
|-
|-
| [[250/243|Porcupine comma]], maximal diesis
| [[250/243|Porcupine comma]], maximal diesis
| Triyo
| Triyo
| y<sup>3</sup>1
| 3y1
| 250 / 243
| 250 / 243
| {{Monzo| 1 -5 3 }}
| {{Monzo| 1 -5 3 }}
Line 374: Line 383:
| Mowgli comma, [[15edt]] comma
| Mowgli comma, [[15edt]] comma
| Laquintrigu
| Laquintrigu
| Lg<sup>15</sup>3
| L15g3
| 31381059609 / <br>30517578125
| 31381059609 / <br>30517578125
| {{Monzo| 0 22 -15 }}
| {{Monzo| 0 22 -15 }}
Line 398: Line 407:
| [[128/125|Augmented comma]], diesis
| [[128/125|Augmented comma]], diesis
| Trigu
| Trigu
| g<sup>3</sup>2
| 3g2
| 128 / 125
| 128 / 125
| {{Monzo| 7 0 -3 }}
| {{Monzo| 7 0 -3 }}
Line 406: Line 415:
| Wizard comma
| Wizard comma
| Lala-quadtriyo
| Lala-quadtriyo
| LLy<sup>12</sup>-4
| LL12y-4
| 2197265625 / 2147483648
| 2197265625 / 2147483648
| {{Monzo| -31 2 12 }}
| {{Monzo| -31 2 12 }}
Line 414: Line 423:
| [[Sycamore comma]]
| [[Sycamore comma]]
| Laleyo
| Laleyo
| Ly<sup>11</sup>-3
| L11y-3
| 48828125 / 47775744
| 48828125 / 47775744
| {{Monzo| -16 -6 11 }}
| {{Monzo| -16 -6 11 }}
Line 422: Line 431:
| Absurdity comma
| Absurdity comma
| Lala-sepgu
| Lala-sepgu
| LLg<sup>7</sup>1
| LL7g1
| 10460353203 / <br>10240000000
| 10460353203 / <br>10240000000
| {{Monzo| -17 21 -7 }}
| {{Monzo| -17 21 -7 }}
Line 430: Line 439:
| Fifive comma
| Fifive comma
| Saquinbiyo
| Saquinbiyo
| sy<sup>10</sup>-2
| s10y-2
| 9765625 / 9565938
| 9765625 / 9565938
| {{Monzo| -1 -14 10 }}
| {{Monzo| -1 -14 10 }}
Line 438: Line 447:
| [[Unicorn comma]]
| [[Unicorn comma]]
| Laquadbigu
| Laquadbigu
| Lg<sup>8</sup>2
| L8g2
| 1594323 / 1562500
| 1594323 / 1562500
| {{Monzo| -2 13 -8 }}
| {{Monzo| -2 13 -8 }}
Line 446: Line 455:
| [[Valentine comma]]
| [[Valentine comma]]
| Satritrigu
| Satritrigu
| sg<sup>9</sup>3
| s9g3
| 1990656 / 1953125
| 1990656 / 1953125
| {{Monzo| 13 5 -9 }}
| {{Monzo| 13 5 -9 }}
Line 454: Line 463:
| [[Aenima comma]]
| [[Aenima comma]]
| Trisa-quadbiyo
| Trisa-quadbiyo
| s<sup>3</sup>y<sup>8</sup>2
| 3s8y2
| 209715200000000 / <br>205891132094649
| 209715200000000 / 205891132094649
| {{Monzo| 29 -30 8 }}
| {{Monzo| 29 -30 8 }}
| 31.860
| 31.860
| [[Douglas Blumeyer]] (2023)
| [[Douglas Blumeyer]] (2023)
|-
|-
| [[Ampersand]], Ampersand's comma
| [[Ampersand comma]], Ampersand's comma
| Lala-tribiyo
| Lala-tribiyo
| LLy<sup>6</sup>-3
| LL6y-3
| 34171875 / 33554432
| 34171875 / 33554432
| {{Monzo| -25 7 6 }}
| {{Monzo| -25 7 6 }}
Line 470: Line 479:
| Mabila comma
| Mabila comma
| Sasa-quinbigu
| Sasa-quinbigu
| ssg<sup>10</sup>4
| ss10g4
| 268435456 / 263671875
| 268435456 / 263671875
| {{Monzo| 28 -3 -10 }}
| {{Monzo| 28 -3 -10 }}
Line 480: Line 489:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 488: Line 497:
| Hexadecatone comma, 16-7-comma
| Hexadecatone comma, 16-7-comma
| Sasa-quadquadrubi
| Sasa-quadquadrubi
| ssr<sup>16</sup>-6
| ss16r-6
| 35184372088832 / <br>33232930569601
| 35184372088832 / 33232930569601
| {{Monzo| 45 0 0 -16 }}
| {{Monzo| 45 0 0 -16 }}
| 98.785
| 98.785
Line 496: Line 505:
| [[343/324|Gamelismic minor second]]
| [[343/324|Gamelismic minor second]]
| Trizo
| Trizo
| z<sup>3</sup>3
| 3z3
| 343 / 324
| 343 / 324
| {{Monzo| -2 -4 0 3 }}
| {{Monzo| -2 -4 0 3 }}
| 98.658
| 98.658
| [[User:Jerdle|Jerdle]] (2021)
|  
|-
|-
| 29-7/5-comma
| 29-7/5-comma
| Twenezogu
| Twenezogu
| z<sup>29</sup>g<sup>29</sup>19
| 29zg19
|
| <abbr title="3219905755813179726837607 / 3051757812500000000000000">(50 digits)</abbr>
| {{Monzo| -14 0 -29 29 }}
| {{Monzo| -14 0 -29 29 }}
| 92.854
| 92.854
Line 512: Line 521:
| 47-35-comma
| 47-35-comma
| Thela-fosezoyo
| Thela-fosezoyo
| L<sup>13</sup>z<sup>47</sup>y<sup>47</sup>6
| 13L47zy6
|
|  
| {{Monzo| -241 0 47 47 }}
| {{Monzo| -241 0 47 47 }}
| 91.562
| 91.562
Line 528: Line 537:
| 39-7/5-comma
| 39-7/5-comma
| Thetriruyo
| Thetriruyo
| r<sup>39</sup>y<sup>39</sup>-24
| 39ry-24
|
|
| {{Monzo| 19 0 39 -39 }}
| {{Monzo| 19 0 39 -39 }}
Line 534: Line 543:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 6561/6272
| [[6561/6272]]
| Laruru
| Laruru
| Lrr-2
| Lrr-2
Line 544: Line 553:
| 36-7-comma
| 36-7-comma
| Quinla-quadtritrizo
| Quinla-quadtritrizo
| L<sup>5</sup>z<sup>36</sup>14
| 5L36z14
|
|
| {{Monzo| -101 0 0 36 }}
| {{Monzo| -101 0 0 36 }}
Line 550: Line 559:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[392/375|Prograde comma]], ed7/4 microdiatonic comma
| [[392/375|Prograde comma]]
| Zozotrigu
| Zozotrigu
| zzg<sup>3</sup>3
| zz3g3
| 392 / 375
| 392 / 375
| {{Monzo| 3 -1 -3 2 }}
| {{Monzo| 3 -1 -3 2 }}
Line 564: Line 573:
| {{Monzo| 8 0 -1 -2 }}
| {{Monzo| 8 0 -1 -2 }}
| 76.034
| 76.034
| [[User:Flirora|Flirora]] (2021)
| [[User:Flirora|+merlan #flirora]] (2021)
|-
|-
| 18-21-comma
| 18-21-comma
| Quinla-tritribizo
| Quinla-tritribizo
| L<sup>5</sup>z<sup>18</sup>6
| 5L18z6
|
|
| {{Monzo| -79 18 0 18 }}
| {{Monzo| -79 18 0 18 }}
Line 576: Line 585:
| 15-35-comma
| 15-35-comma
| Quadsa-quintrirugu
| Quadsa-quintrirugu
| s<sup>4</sup>r<sup>15</sup>g<sup>15</sup>-2
| 4s15rg-2
|
|
| {{Monzo| 77 0 -15 -15 }}
| {{Monzo| 77 0 -15 -15 }}
Line 582: Line 591:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| <strike>slendro integer cents comma</strike>{{clarify}}
| 400-7-comma
|
|
|
|
Line 592: Line 601:
| 47-7-comma
| 47-7-comma
| Sepsa-foseru
| Sepsa-foseru
| s<sup>7</sup>r<sup>47</sup>-17
| 7s47r-17
|
|
| {{Monzo| 132 0 0 -47 }}
| {{Monzo| 132 0 0 -47 }}
Line 604: Line 613:
| {{Monzo| -13 5 1 1 }}
| {{Monzo| -13 5 1 1 }}
| 64.915
| 64.915
| [[Douglas Blumeyer]] (2024)
|  
|-
|-
| 33-21-comma
| 33-21-comma
| Tritrisa-letriru
| Tritrisa-letriru
| s<sup>9</sup>r<sup>33</sup>-9
| 9s33r-9
|
|
| {{Monzo| 145 -33 0 -33 }}
| {{Monzo| 145 -33 0 -33 }}
Line 624: Line 633:
| 31-7/5-comma
| 31-7/5-comma
| Thiwezogu
| Thiwezogu
| z<sup>31</sup>g<sup>31</sup>20
| 31zg20
|
|
| {{Monzo| -15 0 -31 31 }}
| {{Monzo| -15 0 -31 31 }}
Line 636: Line 645:
| {{Monzo| -8 3 -1 2 }}
| {{Monzo| -8 3 -1 2 }}
| 57.203
| 57.203
| [[Eliora]] (2022)
|  
|-
|-
| [[405/392|Greenwoodma]]
| [[405/392|Greenwoodma]]
Line 644: Line 653:
| {{Monzo| -3 4 1 -2 }}
| {{Monzo| -3 4 1 -2 }}
| 56.482
| 56.482
| [[Francium]] (2023)
|  
|-
|-
| 21-7-comma
| 21-7-comma
| Trisa-septriru
| Trisa-septriru
| s<sup>3</sup>r<sup>21</sup>-8
| 3s21r-8
| 576460752303423488 / <br>558545864083284007
| <abbr title="576460752303423488 / 558545864083284007">(36 digits)</abbr>
| {{Monzo| 59 0 0 -21 }}
| {{Monzo| 59 0 0 -21 }}
| 54.656
| 54.656
Line 664: Line 673:
| 39-35-comma
| 39-35-comma
| Lela-thetrizoyo
| Lela-thetrizoyo
| L<sup>11</sup>z<sup>39</sup>y<sup>39</sup>5
| 11L39zy5
|
|
| {{Monzo| -200 0 39 39 }}
| {{Monzo| -200 0 39 39 }}
Line 672: Line 681:
| [[1029/1000|Keega]]
| [[1029/1000|Keega]]
| Trizogu
| Trizogu
| z<sup>3</sup>g<sup>3</sup>3
| 3zg3
| 1029 / 1000
| 1029 / 1000
| {{Monzo| -3 1 -3 3 }}
| {{Monzo| -3 1 -3 3 }}
Line 688: Line 697:
| 37-7/5-comma
| 37-7/5-comma
| Thiseruyo
| Thiseruyo
| r<sup>37</sup>y<sup>37</sup>-23
| 37ry-23
|
|
| {{Monzo| 18 0 37 -37 }}
| {{Monzo| 18 0 37 -37 }}
Line 694: Line 703:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| 5-21-comma
| [[Obsceniton]], 5-21-comma
| Saquinru
| Saquinru
| sr<sup>5</sup>-2
| s5r-2
| 4194304 / 4084101
| 4194304 / 4084101
| {{Monzo| 22 -5 0 -5 }}
| {{Monzo| 22 -5 0 -5 }}
| 46.095
| 46.095
| [[VectorGraphics]] (2025)
|-
| [[Nonary comma]]
| Saquinbiru-agugu
| s10ragg-4
| 7247757312 / 7061881225
| {{Monzo| 28 3 -2 -10 }}
| 44.98
| [[User:Fitzgerald Lee|Fitzgerald Lee]] (2024)
|-
|-
| [[Cloudy comma]]
| [[Cloudy comma]]
| Laquinzo
| Laquinzo
| Lz<sup>5</sup>3
| L5z3
| 16807 / 16384
| 16807 / 16384
| {{Monzo| -14 0 0 5 }}
| {{Monzo| -14 0 0 5 }}
| 44.13
| 44.13
| [[User:Flirora|Flirora]] (2021)
| [[User:Flirora|+merlan #flirora]] (2021)
|-
| [[Nonary comma]]
|
|
| 7247757312/7061881225
| {{Monzo| 28 3 -2 -10 }}
| 44.98
| [[User:Fitzgerald Lee|Fitzgerald Lee]] (2024)
|-
|-
| [[525/512|Avicennma]], Avicenna's enharmonic diesis
| [[525/512|Avicennma]], Avicenna's enharmonic diesis
Line 727: Line 737:
| [[Skwares comma]]
| [[Skwares comma]]
| Laquadru
| Laquadru
| Lr<sup>4</sup>-3
| L4r-3
| 19683 / 19208
| 19683 / 19208
| {{monzo| -3 9 0 -4 }}
| {{Monzo| -3 9 0 -4 }}
| 42.291
| 42.291
|  
|  
Line 737: Line 747:
| szy2
| szy2
| 2240 / 2187
| 2240 / 2187
| {{monzo| 6 -7 1 1 }}
| {{Monzo| 6 -7 1 1 }}
| 41.456
| 41.456
| [[User:FloraC|FloraC]] (2023)
|  
|-
|-
| [[Septimal octatonic comma]]
| [[Septimal octatonic comma]]
| Lala-quadbizoyo
| Lala-quadbizoyo
| LLz<sup>8</sup>y<sup>8</sup>2
| LL8zy2
| 2251875390625 / <br>2199023255552
| 2251875390625 / <br>2199023255552
| {{monzo| -41 0 8 8 }}
| {{Monzo| -41 0 8 8 }}
| 41.117
| 41.117
| [[User:ArrowHead294|ArrowHead294]] (2024)
| [[User:ArrowHead294|ArrowHead294]] (2024)
Line 751: Line 761:
| [[Mabilisma]]
| [[Mabilisma]]
| Latrizo-aquinyo
| Latrizo-aquinyo
| Lz<sup>3</sup>y<sup>5</sup>1
| L3za5y1
| 1071875 / 1048576
| 1071875 / 1048576
| {{Monzo| -20 0 5 3 }}
| {{Monzo| -20 0 5 3 }}
Line 757: Line 767:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[49/48|Slendro diesis]]
| [[49/48|Semaphoresma]], large septimal diesis, slendro diesis
| Zozo
| Zozo
| zz2
| zz2
Line 767: Line 777:
| [[15625/15309|Arcturus comma]]
| [[15625/15309|Arcturus comma]]
| Larutribiyo
| Larutribiyo
| Lry<sup>6</sup>-2
| Lr6y-2
| 15625 / 15309
| 15625 / 15309
| {{Monzo| 0 -7 6 -1 }}
| {{Monzo| 0 -7 6 -1 }}
Line 773: Line 783:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| [[50/49|Jubilisma]], tritonic diesis
| [[50/49|Jubilisma]], small septimal diesis, tritonic diesis
| Biruyo
| Biruyo
| rryy-2
| 2ry-2
| 50 / 49
| 50 / 49
| {{Monzo| 1 0 2 -2 }}
| {{Monzo| 1 0 2 -2 }}
Line 781: Line 791:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| Eric
| [[Naiadisma]]
| Satritrizogu
| s9zg7
| 161414428 / 158203125
| {{Monzo| 2 -4 -9 9 }}
| 34.790
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2026)
|-
| Eric comma
| Sepru
| Sepru
| r<sup>7</sup>-4
| 7r-4
| 839808 / 823543
| 839808 / 823543
| {{Monzo| 7 8 0 -7 }}
| {{Monzo| 7 8 0 -7 }}
Line 789: Line 807:
|  
|  
|-
|-
| German sixth comma
| 31-7-comma
| Quadla-thiwezo
| Quadla-thiwezo
| L<sup>4</sup>z<sup>31</sup>12
| 4L31z12
|
|
| {{Monzo| -87 0 0 31 }}
| {{Monzo| -87 0 0 31 }}
Line 799: Line 817:
| [[Llywelynsma]], llywelyn comma
| [[Llywelynsma]], llywelyn comma
| Sasepru-agu
| Sasepru-agu
| sr<sup>7</sup>g-3
| s7rag-3
| 4194304 / 4117715
| 4194304 / 4117715
| {{Monzo| 22 0 -1 -7 }}
| {{Monzo| 22 0 -1 -7 }}
Line 807: Line 825:
| 23-35-comma
| 23-35-comma
| Sepsa-twetherugu
| Sepsa-twetherugu
| s<sup>7</sup>r<sup>23</sup>g<sup>23</sup>-3
| 7s23rg-3
|
|
| {{Monzo| 118 0 -23 -23 }}
| {{Monzo| 118 0 -23 -23 }}
Line 817: Line 835:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 833: Line 851:
| 11-cycle major seventh prote, 35-11-comma
| 11-cycle major seventh prote, 35-11-comma
| Quinla-sepquinlo
| Quinla-sepquinlo
| L<sup>5</sup>1o<sup>35</sup>-8
| 5L35(1o)-8
|  
|  
| {{monzo| -121 0 0 0 35 }}
| {{monzo| -121 0 0 0 35 }}
Line 857: Line 875:
| 11-cycle chroma, 11-11-comma
| 11-cycle chroma, 11-11-comma
| Lala-lelo
| Lala-lelo
| LL1o<sup>11</sup>-3
| LL11(1o)-3
| 285311670611 / <br>274877906944
| 285311670611 / 274877906944
| {{monzo| -38 0 0 0 11 }}
| {{monzo| -38 0 0 0 11 }}
| 64.497
| 64.497
Line 873: Line 891:
| [[125/121|Jug comma]]
| [[125/121|Jug comma]]
| Lulutrityo
| Lulutrityo
| 1uuy<sup>3</sup>1
| 1uu3y1
| 125 / 121
| 125 / 121
| {{monzo| 0 0 3 0 -2 }}
| {{monzo| 0 0 3 0 -2 }}
Line 879: Line 897:
| [[CompactStar]] (2024)
| [[CompactStar]] (2024)
|-
|-
| [[33/32|Io comma, undecimal quartertone, al-Farabi quartertone]]
| [[33/32|Io comma]], undecimal quartertone, al-Farabi quartertone
| Ilo
| Ilo
| 1o1
| 1o1
Line 885: Line 903:
| {{monzo| -5 1 0 0 1 }}
| {{monzo| -5 1 0 0 1 }}
| 53.273
| 53.273
|  
| [[CompactStar]] (2024) for ''io comma''
|-
|-
| [[567/550|25·11/7 medium diesis]]
| [[567/550|25·11/7 medium diesis]]
Line 894: Line 912:
| 52.701
| 52.701
| [[Douglas Blumeyer]] (2024)
| [[Douglas Blumeyer]] (2024)
|-
| [[Twinprimisma]]
| Salelo-asepru-aquingu
| s11(1o)7ra5g5
| 285311670611 / 277945762500
| {{Monzo|-2 -3 -5 -7 11}}
| 45.282
| [[User:原井玉葱郎|Misohito Nakai]] (2025)
|-
|-
| [[352/343|Sterno]]
| [[352/343|Sterno]]
| Lotriru
| Lotriru
| 1or<sup>3</sup>-2
| 1o3r-2
| 352 / 343
| 352 / 343
| {{monzo| 5 0 0 -3 1 }}
| {{monzo| 5 0 0 -3 1 }}
Line 905: Line 931:
| [[4096/3993|Alpharabian paralimma]]
| [[4096/3993|Alpharabian paralimma]]
| Satrilu
| Satrilu
| s1u<sup>3</sup>2
| s3(1u)2
| 4096 / 3993
| 4096 / 3993
| {{monzo| 12 -1 0 0 -3 }}
| {{monzo| 12 -1 0 0 -3 }}
Line 913: Line 939:
| [[Nokotan]], <br>Shikanokonokonokokoshitantanma
| [[Nokotan]], <br>Shikanokonokonokokoshitantanma
| Luzoquinyo
| Luzoquinyo
| 1uzy<sup>5</sup>1
| 1uz5y1
| 21875 / 21384
| 21875 / 21384
| {{monzo| -3 -5 5 1 -1 }}
| {{monzo| -3 -5 5 1 -1 }}
Line 919: Line 945:
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2024, short name) <br>[[User:R-4981|R-4981]] (2024, long name)
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2024, short name) <br>[[User:R-4981|R-4981]] (2024, long name)
|-
|-
| [[45/44|Undecimal 1/5-tone]]
| [[45/44|Undecimal 1/5-tone]], cake comma
| Luyo
| Luyo
| 1uy1
| 1uy1
Line 945: Line 971:
| Igs boson, 13-11-comma
| Igs boson, 13-11-comma
| Sasa-thelu
| Sasa-thelu
| ss1u<sup>13</sup>4
| ss13(1u)4
| 35184372088832 / <br>34522712143931
| 35184372088832 / 34522712143931
| {{monzo| 45 0 0 0 -13 }}
| {{monzo| 45 0 0 0 -13 }}
| 32.867
| 32.867
Line 959: Line 985:
| [[Gene Ward Smith]] (2014)
| [[Gene Ward Smith]] (2014)
|-
|-
| Hunt 11-cycle comma
| Hunt 11-cycle comma, 24-11-comma
| Trila-quadtribilo
| Trila-quadtribilo
| L<sup>3</sup>1o<sup>24</sup>-6
| 3L24(1o)-6
|  
|  
| {{monzo| -83 0 0 0 24 }}
| {{monzo| -83 0 0 0 24 }}
Line 973: Line 999:
| {{monzo| 3 0 -1 1 -1 }}
| {{monzo| 3 0 -1 1 -1 }}
| 31.194
| 31.194
|  
|
|}
|}


Line 979: Line 1,005:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 1,007: Line 1,033:
| {{monzo| -1 3 0 0 0 -1 }}
| {{monzo| -1 3 0 0 0 -1 }}
| 65.337
| 65.337
|
|-
| [[65/63|Radius of tolerance (FJS)]]
| Thoruyo
| 3ory1
| 65 / 63
| {{monzo| 0 -2 1 -1 0 1 }}
| 54.105
|  
|  
|-
|-
Line 1,015: Line 1,049:
| {{monzo| -10 4 0 0 0 1 }}
| {{monzo| -10 4 0 0 0 1 }}
| 48.348
| 48.348
| [[Flora Canou]] (2020) for ''tridecimal quartertone''<br>[[User:CompactStar|CompactStar]] (2023) for ''superflat comma''
| [[Flora Canou]] (2020) for ''tridecimal quartertone'' <br>[[User:CompactStar|CompactStar]] (2023) for ''superflat comma''
|-
|-
| [[Tridecimal ennealimma]]
| [[Tridecimal ennealimma]]
| Tritritho
| Tritritho
| 3o<sup>9</sup>3
| 9(3o)3
| 10604499373 / 10319560704
| 10604499373 / 10319560704
| {{monzo| -19 -9 0 0 0 }}
| {{monzo| -19 -9 0 0 0 9 }}
| 47.154
| 47.154
| [[User:ArrowHead294|ArrowHead294]] (2024)
| [[User:ArrowHead294|ArrowHead294]] (2024)
Line 1,043: Line 1,077:
| [[351/343|Keladisma]]
| [[351/343|Keladisma]]
| Thotriru
| Thotriru
| 3or<sup>3</sup>-2
| 3o3r-2
| 351/343
| 351/343
| {{monzo| 0 3 0 -3 0 1 }}
| {{monzo| 0 3 0 -3 0 1 }}
Line 1,051: Line 1,085:
| Astbury
| Astbury
| Latribitho
| Latribitho
| L3o<sup>6</sup>2
| L6(3o)2
| 4826809 / 4718592
| 4826809 / 4718592
| {{monzo| -19 -2 0 0 0 6 }}
| {{monzo| -19 -2 0 0 0 6 }}
Line 1,069: Line 1,103:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 1,081: Line 1,115:
| {{monzo| 1 2 0 0 0 0 -1 }}
| {{monzo| 1 2 0 0 0 0 -1 }}
| 98.955
| 98.955
|
|-
| [[68/65|Valentine semitone]]
| Sothugu
| 17o3ug2
| 68 / 65
| {{monzo| 2 0 -1 0 0 -1 1 }}
| 78.114
|  
|  
|-
|-
Line 1,093: Line 1,135:
| 12 semitone comma
| 12 semitone comma
| Lala-quadtriso
| Lala-quadtriso
| LL17o<sup>12</sup>6
| LL12(17o)6
| 582622237229761 / <br>562949953421312
| 582622237229761 / 562949953421312
| {{monzo| -49 0 0 0 0 0 12 }}
| {{monzo| -49 0 0 0 0 0 12 }}
| 59.465
| 59.465
Line 1,117: Line 1,159:
| 11 semitone comma
| 11 semitone comma
| Sasa-lesu
| Sasa-lesu
| ss17u<sup>11</sup>-5
| ss11(17u)-5
| 35184372088832 / <br>34271896307633
| 35184372088832 / 34271896307633
| {{monzo| 45 0 0 0 0 0 -11 }}
| {{monzo| 45 0 0 0 0 0 -11 }}
| 45.49
| 45.49
Line 1,139: Line 1,181:
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2023)
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2023)
|-
|-
| Hunt 17-cycle comma
| Hunt 17-cycle comma, 34-17-comma
| Quinsa-sebisu
| Quinsa-sebisu
| s<sup>5</sup>17u<sup>-34</sup>-14
| 5s34(17u)-14
|
|
| {{monzo| 139 0 0 0 0 0 -34 }}
| {{monzo| 139 0 0 0 0 0 -34 }}
Line 1,151: Line 1,193:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 1,173: Line 1,215:
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2019)
| [[User:Xenllium|Xenllium]] (2019)
|-
|-
| [[39/38|Undevicesimal 2/9-tone]]
| [[39/38|Undevicesimal diesis]], undevicesimal 2/9-tone
| Nutho
| Nutho
| 19u3o1
| 19u3o1
Line 1,193: Line 1,235:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" |[[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Name]]
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Ratio]]
! [[Monzo]]
! [[Monzo]]
Line 1,203: Line 1,245:
| 23o1u2
| 23o1u2
| 23 / 22
| 23 / 22
| 2.11.23 {{monzo| -1 -1 1 }}
| {{Monzo| -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 }}
| 76.956
| 76.956
| [[Xenwolf]] (2020)
| [[Xenwolf]] (2020)
Line 1,211: Line 1,253:
| 23u1
| 23u1
| 24 / 23
| 24 / 23
| 2.3.23 {{monzo| 3 1 -1 }}
| {{Monzo| 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 }}
| 73.681
| 73.681
| [[Xenwolf]] (2020)
| [[Xenwolf]] (2020)
|-
| [[299/289|Arrokothisma]]
| Twethosusutho
| 23o17uu3o1
| 299 / 289
| {{Monzo| 0 0 0 0 0 1 -2 0 1 }}
| 58.891
| [[User:Inisil|Iniðil]] (2024)
|-
|-
| [[2187/2116|Lipsett comma]]
| [[2187/2116|Lipsett comma]]
Line 1,219: Line 1,269:
| L23uu-2
| L23uu-2
| 2187 / 2116
| 2187 / 2116
| 2.3.23 {{monzo| -2 7 -2 }}
| {{Monzo| -2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 }}
| 57.136
| 57.136
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2024)
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2024)
|-
| [[253/247|Quaoarisma]]
| Twethonuthulo
| 23o19u3u1o1
| 253 / 247
| {{Monzo| 0 0 0 0 1 -1 0 -1 1 }}
| 41.552
| [[User:Inisil|Iniðil]] (2025)
|-
|-
| [[46/45|Vicesimotertial 1/5-tone]]
| [[46/45|Vicesimotertial 1/5-tone]]
Line 1,227: Line 1,285:
| 23og2
| 23og2
| 46 / 45
| 46 / 45
| 2.3.5.23 {{monzo| 1 -2 -1 1 }}
| {{Monzo| 1 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1 }}
| 38.051
| 38.051
| [[User:Flirora|Flirora]] (2023)
| [[User:Flirora|Flirora]] (2023)
|-
|}
|}


Line 1,242: Line 1,299:
! Named by
! Named by
|-
|-
| [[Engineer's comma]]
| [[41/39]]
| Fowothu
| 41o3u1
| 41 / 39
| 3.13.41 {{monzo| -1 -1 1 }}
| 86.580
|  
|  
|-
| [[32/31|Octave-reduced 31st subharmonic]]
| Thiwu
| 31u2
| 32 / 31
| 2.31 {{monzo| 5 -1 }}
| 54.964
|  
|  
| π / 3
|
| 79.840
| [[Eliora]] (2022)
|-
|-
| [[752/729|47-limit ~quartertone comma]]
| [[752/729|47-limit ~quartertone comma]]
Line 1,273: Line 1,338:
| 40.850
| 40.850
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
|-
| [[43/42]]
| Fothoru
| 43or1
| 43 / 42
| 2.3.7.43 {{monzo| -1 -1 -1 1 }}
| 40.737
|
|-
|-
| [[Lutra comma]]
| [[Lutra comma]]
| Latrithiwo
| Latrithiwo
| L31o<sup>3</sup>-3
| L3(31o)-3
| 268119 / 262144
| 268119 / 262144
| 2.3.31 {{monzo| -18 2 3 }}
| 2.3.31 {{monzo| -18 2 3 }}
Line 1,289: Line 1,362:
| 36.743
| 36.743
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
|-
| [[48/47|47th-partial chroma]]
| Fosu
| 47u1
| 48 / 47
| 2.3.47 {{monzo| 4 1 -1 }}
| 36.448
|
|-
| [[248/243|Tricesimoprimal comma]]
| Sathiwo
| s31o1
| 248 / 243
| 2.3.31 {{monzo| 3 -5 1 }}
| 35.261
|
|-
|-
| [[261/256|Vicesimononal comma]]
| [[261/256|Vicesimononal comma]]
Line 1,305: Line 1,394:
| 31.985
| 31.985
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
| [[Budjarn Lambeth]] (2023)
|-
| [[58/57|Vicesimononal 1/7-tone]]
| Twenonu
| 29o19u1
| 58 / 57
| 2.3.19.29 {{monzo| 1 -1 -1 1 }}
| 30.109
|
|}
== List of irrational commas ==
For intervals expressible as edosteps, see [[Interval size measure]]. We skip them here for brevity.
{| class="wikitable"
! Name(s)
! colspan="2" | [[Color name]]
! Ratio
! Monzo
! Cents
! Named by
|-
| [[Engineer's comma]]
|
|
| π / 3
|
| 79.840
| [[Eliora]] (2022)
|}
|}


== Notes ==
== References ==
<references />


[[Category:Medium commas| ]] <!-- main article -->
[[Category:Medium commas| ]] <!-- main article -->
[[Category:Lists of commas]]
[[Category:Lists of commas]]
{{todo|complete table|add color name}}
{{Todo|complete table|add color name}}

Latest revision as of 00:36, 1 June 2026

A medium comma is a comma whose size is approximately between 30 and 100 cents. These commas are easily perceptible. Many schools do not consider them true commas. In Sagittal notation, intervals in the smaller part of this category are dieses, and intervals in the larger part of this category are semitones[1].

For commas over 100 cents, see Large comma; for commas under 30 cents, see Small comma; for such under 3.5 cents see Unnoticeable comma.

Except for the 3-limit commas, the color name refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out.

The commas might be numerous, but there is no need to memorise all the names. For pretty much all use cases, it is perfectly acceptable – preferred, even – to just refer to a comma by the monzo or ratio, whichever is simpler.

List of commas, by prime limit

3-limit commas

See also: Table of 3-limit commas
Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Pythagorean limma, blackwood comma Sawama swM 256 / 243 [8 -5⟩ 90.225
301-comma 301wama 301wM [-477 301⟩ 88.455
248-comma 248wama 248wM [-393 248⟩ 84.840
111-comma 111wama 111wM [176 -111⟩ 82.995
142-comma 142wama 142wM [-225 142⟩ 77.610
217-comma 217wama 217wM [344 -217⟩ 75.765
89-comma 89wama 89wM [-141 89⟩ 73.995
Gothic comma, Pythagorean gothma, 17-comma 17wama, Sewama 17wM 134217728 / 129140163 [27 -17⟩ 66.765 Flora Canou (2023)
289-comma 289wama 289wM [-458 289⟩ 64.995
Jorgensen comma, 70-comma 70wama 70wM [111 -70⟩ 63.150 Mike Battaglia (2012)[2]
183-comma 183wama 183wM [-290 183⟩ 57.765
176-comma 176wama 176wM [279 -176⟩ 55.920
229-comma 229wama 229wM [363 -229⟩ 52.305
77-comma 77wama 77wM [-122 77⟩ 50.535
Mystery comma, 29-comma 29wama, Twenewama 29wM 70368744177664 / 68630377364883 [46 -29⟩ 43.305
277-comma 277wama 277wM [-439 277⟩ 41.535
224-comma 224wama 224wM [-355 224⟩ 37.920
135-comma 135wama 135wM [214 -135⟩ 36.075
171-comma 171wama 171wM [-271 171⟩ 34.305
118-comma 118wama 118wM [-187 118⟩ 30.690

5-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Hogzilla comma Lala-yoyo LLyy-2 4428675 / 4194304 [-22 11 2⟩ 94.132
Mavila comma, major chroma Layobi Ly1 135 / 128 [-7 3 1⟩ 92.179 Erv Wilson (1989)
Quasisuper comma Sasagu ssg3 8388608 / 7971615 [23 -13 -1⟩ 88.271
Bohpier comma, 13edt comma Satheyo s13y-2 1220703125 / 1162261467 [0 -19 13⟩ 84.933
Ripple comma Quingu 5g2 6561 / 6250 [-1 8 -5⟩ 84.071
Dodecoid comma Sasa-sepgu ss7g4 536870912 / 512578125 [29 -8 -7⟩ 80.164 CompactStar (2023)
Doublewide comma Quadbiyo 8y-2 390625 / 373248 [-9 -6 8⟩ 78.78
Sevond comma Sasepyo s7y1 5000000 / 4782969 [6 -14 7⟩ 76.826 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Nusecond comma Legu 11g3 51018336 / 48828125 [5 13 -11⟩ 75.964
Sentinel comma Trila-quadyo 3L4y-3 8968066875 / 8589934592 [-33 15 4⟩ 74.580
Hypovishnuzma Saquadtrigu s12g4 254803968 / 244140625 [20 5 -12⟩ 74.010 ArrowHead294 (2024)
Stump comma Latriyo L3y-2 273375 / 262144 [-18 7 3⟩ 72.626
Dicot comma, classic(al) chroma Yoyo yy1 25 / 24 [-3 -1 2⟩ 70.672
Superpyth comma, grave minor second Sayo sy2 20480 / 19683 [12 -9 1⟩ 68.719
Diminished comma, major diesis Quadgu 4g2 648 / 625 [3 4 -4⟩ 62.565 Paul Erlich, Carl Lumma (2002)
Passion comma Saquingu s5g3 262144 / 253125 [18 -4 -5⟩ 60.611 Paul Erlich (2004)
Shibboleth comma Tritriyo 9y-2 1953125 / 1889568 [-5 -10 9⟩ 57.273 Paul Erlich (2002)
Xenial comma Latritrigu L9g2 129140163 / 125000000 [-6 17 -9⟩ 56.412 Xenllium (2026)
Mynic comma Quinbigu 10g3 10077696 / 9765625 [9 9 -10⟩ 54.458
Tritonic comma Lala-quinyo LL5y-3 553584375 / 536870912 [-29 11 5⟩ 53.074
Magus comma Salegu s11g4 50331648 / 48828125 [24 1 -11⟩ 52.504
Negri comma, double augmentation diesis Laquadyo L4y-2 16875 / 16384 [-14 3 4⟩ 51.120 Paul Erlich (2002)
Goldis comma Trisa-quadtrigu 3s12g5 549755813888 / 533935546875 [39 -7 -12⟩ 50.550 Userminusone (2021)
Porcupine comma, maximal diesis Triyo 3y1 250 / 243 [1 -5 3⟩ 49.166 Herman Miller (1999)
Mowgli comma, 15edt comma Laquintrigu L15g3 31381059609 /
30517578125 		[0 22 -15⟩ 48.304
Immunity comma Sasa-yoyo ssyy2 1638400 / 1594323 [16 -13 2⟩ 47.212 Mike Battaglia (2011)
Python comma Lalagu LLg-2 43046721 / 41943040 [-23 16 -1⟩ 44.966 CompactStar (2023)
Augmented comma, diesis Trigu 3g2 128 / 125 [7 0 -3⟩ 41.059 Paul Erlich, Carl Lumma (2002)
Wizard comma Lala-quadtriyo LL12y-4 2197265625 / 2147483648 [-31 2 12⟩ 39.675
Sycamore comma Laleyo L11y-3 48828125 / 47775744 [-16 -6 11⟩ 37.721 Paul Erlich (2002)
Absurdity comma Lala-sepgu LL7g1 10460353203 /
10240000000 		[-17 21 -7⟩ 36.859 Mike Battaglia (2011)
Fifive comma Saquinbiyo s10y-2 9765625 / 9565938 [-1 -14 10⟩ 35.767 Petr Pařízek (2011)
Unicorn comma Laquadbigu L8g2 1594323 / 1562500 [-2 13 -8⟩ 34.905 Paul Erlich (2002)
Valentine comma Satritrigu s9g3 1990656 / 1953125 [13 5 -9⟩ 32.952 Paul Erlich (2002)
Aenima comma Trisa-quadbiyo 3s8y2 209715200000000 / 205891132094649 [29 -30 8⟩ 31.860 Douglas Blumeyer (2023)
Ampersand comma, Ampersand's comma Lala-tribiyo LL6y-3 34171875 / 33554432 [-25 7 6⟩ 31.567
Mabila comma Sasa-quinbigu ss10g4 268435456 / 263671875 [28 -3 -10⟩ 30.998

7-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Hexadecatone comma, 16-7-comma Sasa-quadquadrubi ss16r-6 35184372088832 / 33232930569601 [45 0 0 -16⟩ 98.785
Gamelismic minor second Trizo 3z3 343 / 324 [-2 -4 0 3⟩ 98.658
29-7/5-comma Twenezogu 29zg19 (50 digits) [-14 0 -29 29⟩ 92.854
47-35-comma Thela-fosezoyo 13L47zy6 [-241 0 47 47⟩ 91.562
Septimal minor semitone Zogu zg2 21 / 20 [-2 1 -1 1⟩ 84.467
39-7/5-comma Thetriruyo 39ry-24 [19 0 39 -39⟩ 82.024
6561/6272 Laruru Lrr-2 6561 / 6272 [-7 8 0 -2⟩ 77.988
36-7-comma Quinla-quadtritrizo 5L36z14 [-101 0 0 36⟩ 77.733
Prograde comma Zozotrigu zz3g3 392 / 375 [3 -1 -3 2⟩ 76.756 OffsuitKnave (2022)
Bapbo comma Rurugu rrg1 256 / 245 [8 0 -1 -2⟩ 76.034 +merlan #flirora (2021)
18-21-comma Quinla-tritribizo 5L18z6 [-79 18 0 18⟩ 74.056
15-35-comma Quadsa-quintrirugu 4s15rg-2 [77 0 -15 -15⟩ 72.906
400-7-comma [1123 0 0 -400⟩ 69.637
47-7-comma Sepsa-foseru 7s47r-17 [132 0 0 -47⟩ 65.182
35 large diesis Lazoyo Lzy1 8505 / 8192 [-13 5 1 1⟩ 64.915
33-21-comma Tritrisa-letriru 9s33r-9 [145 -33 0 -33⟩ 64.23
Trienstonic comma, septimal third-tone Zo z2 28 / 27 [2 -3 0 1⟩ 62.961
31-7/5-comma Thiwezogu 31zg20 [-15 0 -31 31⟩ 57.878
Septimal 2/7-tone Lazozogu Lzzg2 1323 / 1280 [-8 3 -1 2⟩ 57.203
Greenwoodma Ruruyo rry-2 405 / 392 [-3 4 1 -2⟩ 56.482
21-7-comma Trisa-septriru 3s21r-8 (36 digits) [59 0 0 -21⟩ 54.656
Harrison's comma Laru Lr-2 59049 / 57344 [-13 10 0 -1⟩ 50.724
39-35-comma Lela-thetrizoyo 11L39zy5 [-200 0 39 39⟩ 50.445
Keega Trizogu 3zg3 1029 / 1000 [-3 1 -3 3⟩ 49.492 Gene Ward Smith (2005)
Mint comma, septimal quartertone Rugu rg1 36 / 35 [2 2 -1 -1⟩ 48.77 Mike Battaglia (2012)
37-7/5-comma Thiseruyo 37ry-23 [18 0 37 -37⟩ 47.049
Obsceniton, 5-21-comma Saquinru s5r-2 4194304 / 4084101 [22 -5 0 -5⟩ 46.095 VectorGraphics (2025)
Nonary comma Saquinbiru-agugu s10ragg-4 7247757312 / 7061881225 [28 3 -2 -10⟩ 44.98 Fitzgerald Lee (2024)
Cloudy comma Laquinzo L5z3 16807 / 16384 [-14 0 0 5⟩ 44.13 +merlan #flirora (2021)
Avicennma, Avicenna's enharmonic diesis Lazoyoyo Lzyy1 525 / 512 [-9 1 2 1⟩ 43.408
Skwares comma Laquadru L4r-3 19683 / 19208 [-3 9 0 -4⟩ 42.291
Septimal inframinor second Sazoyo szy2 2240 / 2187 [6 -7 1 1⟩ 41.456
Septimal octatonic comma Lala-quadbizoyo LL8zy2 2251875390625 /
2199023255552 		[-41 0 8 8⟩ 41.117 ArrowHead294 (2024)
Mabilisma Latrizo-aquinyo L3za5y1 1071875 / 1048576 [-20 0 5 3⟩ 38.046
Semaphoresma, large septimal diesis, slendro diesis Zozo zz2 49 / 48 [-4 -1 0 2⟩ 35.697
Arcturus comma Larutribiyo Lr6y-2 15625 / 15309 [0 -7 6 -1⟩ 35.371
Jubilisma, small septimal diesis, tritonic diesis Biruyo 2ry-2 50 / 49 [1 0 2 -2⟩ 34.976
Naiadisma Satritrizogu s9zg7 161414428 / 158203125 [2 -4 -9 9⟩ 34.790 Xenllium (2026)
Eric comma Sepru 7r-4 839808 / 823543 [7 8 0 -7⟩ 33.859
31-7-comma Quadla-thiwezo 4L31z12 [-87 0 0 31⟩ 33.603
Llywelynsma, llywelyn comma Sasepru-agu s7rag-3 4194304 / 4117715 [22 0 -1 -7⟩ 31.905 +merlan #flirora (2021)
23-35-comma Sepsa-twetherugu 7s23rg-3 [118 0 -23 -23⟩ 31.789

11-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Axirabian limma Lulubi 1uu2 128 / 121 [7 0 0 0 -2⟩ 97.364 Dawson Berry (2021)
11-cycle major seventh prote, 35-11-comma Quinla-sepquinlo 5L35(1o)-8 [-121 0 0 0 35⟩ 96.128
Undecimal minor semitone Loru 1or1 22 / 21 [1 -1 0 -1 1⟩ 80.537
Wormwoodma Lolozogu 1oozg2 847 / 810 [-1 -4 -1 1 2⟩ 77.328 Jerdle (2023)
11-cycle chroma, 11-11-comma Lala-lelo LL11(1o)-3 285311670611 / 274877906944 [-38 0 0 0 11⟩ 64.497
Undecimal major diesis Lalu L1u1 729 / 704 [-6 6 0 0 -1⟩ 60.412
Jug comma Lulutrityo 1uu3y1 125 / 121 [0 0 3 0 -2⟩ 56.305 CompactStar (2024)
Io comma, undecimal quartertone, al-Farabi quartertone Ilo 1o1 33 / 32 [-5 1 0 0 1⟩ 53.273 CompactStar (2024) for io comma
25·11/7 medium diesis Luzogugu 1uzgg2 567 / 550 [-1 4 -2 1 -1⟩ 52.701 Douglas Blumeyer (2024)
Twinprimisma Salelo-asepru-aquingu s11(1o)7ra5g5 285311670611 / 277945762500 [-2 -3 -5 -7 11⟩ 45.282 Misohito Nakai (2025)
Sterno Lotriru 1o3r-2 352 / 343 [5 0 0 -3 1⟩ 44.84
Alpharabian paralimma Satrilu s3(1u)2 4096 / 3993 [12 -1 0 0 -3⟩ 44.091 Dawson Berry (2021)
Nokotan,
Shikanokonokonokokoshitantanma 		Luzoquinyo 1uz5y1 21875 / 21384 [-3 -5 5 1 -1⟩ 39.302 Budjarn Lambeth (2024, short name)
R-4981 (2024, long name)
Undecimal 1/5-tone, cake comma Luyo 1uy1 45 / 44 [-2 2 1 0 -1⟩ 38.906
Hunt flat 5 comma Salu s1u2 8192 / 8019 [13 -6 0 0 -1⟩ 36.952
11/7 comma Laluzo L1uz1 45927 / 45056 [-12 8 0 1 -1⟩ 33.148 Douglas Blumeyer (2024)
Igs boson, 13-11-comma Sasa-thelu ss13(1u)4 35184372088832 / 34522712143931 [45 0 0 0 -13⟩ 32.867
Telepathma Loyo 1oy1 55 / 54 [-1 -3 1 0 1⟩ 31.767 Gene Ward Smith (2014)
Hunt 11-cycle comma, 24-11-comma Trila-quadtribilo 3L24(1o)-6 [-83 0 0 0 24⟩ 31.631
Undecimal diesis, konbini comma Luzogu 1uzg2 56 / 55 [3 0 -1 1 -1⟩ 31.194

13-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
55/52 Thuloyo 3u1oy1 55 / 52 [-2 0 1 0 1 -1⟩ 97.104
Large tridecimal 1/3-tone Thogugu 3ogg2 26 / 25 [1 0 -2 0 0 1⟩ 67.900
Small tridecimal 1/3-tone Thu 3u1 27 / 26 [-1 3 0 0 0 -1⟩ 65.337
Radius of tolerance (FJS) Thoruyo 3ory1 65 / 63 [0 -2 1 -1 0 1⟩ 54.105
Superflat comma, tridecimal quartertone,
Hunt minor submediant comma 		Latho L3o1 1053 / 1024 [-10 4 0 0 0 1⟩ 48.348 Flora Canou (2020) for tridecimal quartertone
CompactStar (2023) for superflat comma
Tridecimal ennealimma Tritritho 9(3o)3 10604499373 / 10319560704 [-19 -9 0 0 0 9⟩ 47.154 ArrowHead294 (2024)
416/405 Thogu 3og2 416 / 405 [5 -4 -1 0 0 1⟩ 46.394
Tridecimal minor diesis Thuyo 3uy1 40 / 39 [3 -1 1 0 0 -1⟩ 43.831
Keladisma Thotriru 3o3r-2 351/343 [0 3 0 -3 0 1⟩ 39.915 Lériendil (2024)
Astbury Latribitho L6(3o)2 4826809 / 4718592 [-19 -2 0 0 0 6⟩ 39.256 Peter Kosmorsky (2012)
13/7 small diesis Lathuzo L3uz1 1701 / 1664 [-7 5 0 1 0 -1⟩ 38.073 Douglas Blumeyer (2024)

17-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Small septendecimal semitone, Arabic lute index finger Su 17u1 18 / 17 [1 2 0 0 0 0 -1⟩ 98.955
Valentine semitone Sothugu 17o3ug2 68 / 65 [2 0 -1 0 0 -1 1⟩ 78.114
Septendecimal ~20edo-step Sulogu 17u1og1 88 / 85 [3 0 -1 0 1 0 -1⟩ 60.049 Budjarn Lambeth (2024)
12 semitone comma Lala-quadtriso LL12(17o)6 582622237229761 / 562949953421312 [-49 0 0 0 0 0 12⟩ 59.465
Large septendecimal quartertone Solu 17o1u2 34 / 33 [1 -1 0 0 -1 0 1⟩ 51.682 Flora Canou (2021)
Small septendecimal quartertone Suzoyo 17uzy1 35 / 34 [-1 0 1 1 0 0 -1⟩ 50.184 Flora Canou (2021)
11 semitone comma Sasa-lesu ss11(17u)-5 35184372088832 / 34271896307633 [45 0 0 0 0 0 -11⟩ 45.49
Large septendecimal 1/6-tone, 17th-partial chroma Sogugu 17ogg2 51 / 50 [-1 1 -2 0 0 0 1⟩ 34.283 Flora Canou (2023)
Small septendecimal 1/6-tone Sutho 17u3o1 52 / 51 [2 -1 0 0 0 1 -1⟩ 33.617 Xenllium (2023)
Hunt 17-cycle comma, 34-17-comma Quinsa-sebisu 5s34(17u)-14 [139 0 0 0 0 0 -34⟩ 31.516

19-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Large undevicesimal semitone Ino 19o2 19 / 18 [-1 -2 0 0 0 0 0 1⟩ 93.603 Xenllium (2019)
Small undevicesimal semitone Nuyo 19uy1 20 / 19 [2 0 1 0 0 0 0 -1⟩ 88.801 Xenllium (2019)
Undevicesimal diesis, undevicesimal 2/9-tone Nutho 19u3o1 39 / 38 [-1 1 0 0 0 1 0 -1⟩ 44.97 Xenllium (2023)
Hendrix comma Noru 19or1 57 / 56 [-3 1 0 -1 0 0 0 1⟩ 30.642

23-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Large vicesimotertial semitone Twetholu 23o1u2 23 / 22 [-1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 1⟩ 76.956 Xenwolf (2020)
Small vicesimotertial semitone Twethu 23u1 24 / 23 [3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1⟩ 73.681 Xenwolf (2020)
Arrokothisma Twethosusutho 23o17uu3o1 299 / 289 [0 0 0 0 0 1 -2 0 1⟩ 58.891 Iniðil (2024)
Lipsett comma Labitwethu L23uu-2 2187 / 2116 [-2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2⟩ 57.136 Budjarn Lambeth (2024)
Quaoarisma Twethonuthulo 23o19u3u1o1 253 / 247 [0 0 0 0 1 -1 0 -1 1⟩ 41.552 Iniðil (2025)
Vicesimotertial 1/5-tone Twethogu 23og2 46 / 45 [1 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1⟩ 38.051 Flirora (2023)

Higher-limit commas

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
41/39 Fowothu 41o3u1 41 / 39 3.13.41 [-1 -1 1⟩ 86.580
Octave-reduced 31st subharmonic Thiwu 31u2 32 / 31 2.31 [5 -1⟩ 54.964
47-limit ~quartertone comma Safoso s47o2 752 / 729 2.3.47 [4 -6 1⟩ 53.777 Stephen Weigel (2023)
37-limit Wyschnegradsky ~quartertone Thiso 37o2 37 / 36 2.3.37 [-2 -2 1⟩ 47.434 Stephen Weigel (2023)
Oxidizer comma 729 / 712 2.3.89 [-3 6 -1⟩ 40.850 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
43/42 Fothoru 43or1 43 / 42 2.3.7.43 [-1 -1 -1 1⟩ 40.737
Lutra comma Latrithiwo L3(31o)-3 268119 / 262144 2.3.31 [-18 2 3⟩ 39.017 Budjarn Lambeth (2024)
Canine comma 1000 / 979 2.5.11.89 [3 3 -1 -1⟩ 36.743 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
47th-partial chroma Fosu 47u1 48 / 47 2.3.47 [4 1 -1⟩ 36.448
Tricesimoprimal comma Sathiwo s31o1 248 / 243 2.3.31 [3 -5 1⟩ 35.261
Vicesimononal comma Tweno 29o1 261 / 256 2.3.29 [-8 2 1⟩ 33.487 Stephen Weigel (2023)
Attic comma 7921 / 7776 2.3.89 [-5 -5 2⟩ 31.985 Budjarn Lambeth (2023)
Vicesimononal 1/7-tone Twenonu 29o19u1 58 / 57 2.3.19.29 [1 -1 -1 1⟩ 30.109

List of irrational commas

For intervals expressible as edosteps, see Interval size measure. We skip them here for brevity.

Name(s) Color name Ratio Monzo Cents Named by
Engineer's comma π / 3 79.840 Eliora (2022)

References

  1. ↑ Sagittal – A Microtonal Notation System by George D. Secor and David C. Keenan
  2. ↑ Yahoo! Tuning Group | Jorgensen Temperament
Retrieved from "https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Medium_comma&oldid=231390"