Father–3 equivalence continuum

The father–3 equivalence continuum is a continuum of 5-limit temperaments which equate a number of classical diatonic semitones (16/15) with the Pythagorean minor third (32/27).

Note that because 3et is a record equal temperament in the 2.5 subgroup, the continuum can be conceptualized as the augmented–dicot equivalence continuum, which Godtone argues is easier to understand, with characteristic 2.5-subgroup comma 128/125 as the interval with a single factor of 3 is 25/24.

All temperaments in the continuum satisfy (16/15)ⁿ ~ 32/27. Varying n results in different temperaments listed in the table below. It converges to father as n approaches infinity. If we allow non-integer and infinite n, the continuum describes the set of all 5-limit temperaments supported by 3edo due to it being the unique equal temperament that tempers both commas and thus tempers all combinations of them. The just value of n is approximately 2.63252…, and temperaments having n near this value tend to be the most accurate ones.

32/27 is the characteristic 3-limit comma tempered out in 3edo. In each case, n equals the order of harmonic 5 in the corresponding comma, and equals the number of steps to obtain the interval class of 3 in the generator chain.

Temperaments with integer n

n	Temperament	Comma
		Ratio	Monzo
0	Alteraugment	32/27	[5 -3⟩
1	Antonian	10/9	[1 -2 1⟩
2	Dicot	25/24	[-3 -1 2⟩
3	Augmented	128/125	[7 0 -3⟩
4	Smate	2048/1875	[11 -1 -4⟩
…	…	…	…
∞	Father	16/15	[4 -1 -1⟩

We may invert the continuum by setting m such that 1/m + 1/n = 1. This may be called the antonian–3 equivalence continuum, which is essentially the same thing. The just value of m is 1.61255…

Temperaments with integer m

m	Temperament	Comma
		Ratio	Monzo
0	Alteraugment	32/27	[5 -3⟩
1	Father	16/15	[4 -1 -1⟩
2	Dicot	25/24	[-3 -1 2⟩
…	…	…	…
∞	Antonian	10/9	[1 -2 1⟩

Temperaments with fractional n and m

n	m	Temperament	Comma
7/3 = 2.3	7/4 = 1.75	Wesley	[13 2 -7⟩
5/2 = 2.5	5/3 = 1.6	Magic	[10 1 -5⟩
29/11 = 2.63	29/18 = 1.61	Squarschmidt	[61 4 -29⟩
8/3 = 2.6	8/5 = 1.6	Würschmidt	[17 1 -8⟩
19/7 = 2.714285	19/12 = 1.583	Isnes	[41 2 -19⟩
11/4 = 2.75	11/7 = 1.571428	Magus	[24 1 -11⟩

Because 3et is a record equal temperament in the 2.5 subgroup, there is another way to conceptualize this continuum. The characteristic 2.5-subgroup comma is 128/125, and the interval with a single factor of 3 is 25/24. As such, Godtone has conceptualized this continuum as augmented–dicot equivalence continuum. See Father–3 equivalence continuum/Godtone's approach.

Others prefer conceptualizing this continuum in terms of k = ⁠1/n − 2⁠ such that temperaments satisfy (25/24)^k = 16/15. This gives rise to the name chromatic–diatonic equivalence continuum, where both chromatic and diatonic refer to the classical versions of semitones. The just value of k is approximately 1.58097…

Temperaments with integer k

k	Temperament	Comma
		Ratio	Monzo
-1	Antonian	10/9	[1 -2 1⟩
0	Father	16/15	[4 -1 -1⟩
1	Augmented	128/125	[7 0 -3⟩
2	Magic	3125/3072	[10 1 -5⟩
3	Wesley	78125/73728	[13 2 -7⟩
4	3 & 33c	1953125/1769472	[16 3 -9⟩
…	…	…	…
∞	Dicot	25/24	[-3 -1 2⟩

3 & 33c

This low-accuracy high-complexity temperament corresponds to n = 9/4 and m = 9/5.

Subgroup: 2.3.5

Comma list: 1953125/1769472

Mapping: [⟨3 2 6], ⟨0 3 1]]

mapping generators: ~125/96, ~5/4

Optimal tunings:

• WE: ~125/96 = 401.2633 ¢, ~5/4 = 367.0585 ¢ (~25/24 = 34.2047 ¢)

error map: ⟨+3.790 +1.747 -11.676]

• CWE: ~125/96 = 400.0000 ¢, ~5/4 = 366.8103 ¢ (~25/24 = 33.1897 ¢)

error map: ⟨0.000 -1.524 -19.503]

Optimal ET sequence: 3, …, 33c, 36c, 69cc

Badness (Sintel): 16.0

Mutt (5-limit)

Main article: Mutt

For extensions, see Horwell temperaments #Mutt.

Subgroup: 2.3.5

Comma list: [-44 -3 21⟩

Mapping: [⟨3 -2 6], ⟨0 7 1]]

mapping generators: ~98304/78125, ~5/4

Optimal tunings:

• WE: ~98304/78125 = 400.0227 ¢, ~5/4 = 386.0017 ¢ (~393216/390625 = 14.0210 ¢)

error map: ⟨+0.068 +0.012 -0.176]

• CWE: ~98304/78125 = 400.0000 ¢, ~5/4 = 385.9858 ¢ (~393216/390625 = 14.0142 ¢)

error map: ⟨0.000 -0.055 -0.328]

Optimal ET sequence: 84, 87, 171, 771, 942, 1113, 1284, 1455, 4194cc, 5649cc

Badness (Sintel): 3.81

Isnes

Isnes is so called because the generator is half of a 5/2 major tenth, in a similar way that sensi has a generator of half a 5/3 major sixth. This corresponds to n = 19/7 and m = 19/12.

Subgroup: 2.3.5

Comma list: [41 2 -19⟩

Mapping: [⟨1 -11 1], ⟨0 19 2]]

mapping generators: ~2, ~3145728/1953125

Optimal tunings:

• WE: ~2 = 1199.2782 ¢, ~3145728/1953125 = 794.4174 ¢

error map: ⟨-0.722 -0.090 +1.799]

• CWE: ~2 = 1200.0000 ¢, ~3145728/1953125 = 794.8728 ¢

error map: ⟨0.000 +0.628 +3.432]

Optimal ET sequence: 3, 71b, 74, 77, 157, 548ccc

Badness (Sintel): 30.4

Squarschmidt (5-limit)

For extensions, see Hemimage temperaments #Squarschmidt.

A generator for the squarschmidt temperament is the fourth root of 5/2, (5/2)^1/4, tuned around 396.6 cents.

Subgroup: 2.3.5

Comma list: [61 4 -29⟩

Mapping: [⟨1 -8 1], ⟨0 29 4]]

mapping generators: ~2, ~98304/78125

Optimal tunings:

• WE: ~2 = 1199.9653 ¢, ~98304/78125 = 396.6094 ¢

error map: ⟨-0.099 +0.543 +0.029 -0.719]

• CWE: ~2 = 1200.0000 ¢, ~98304/78125 = 396.6201 ¢

error map: ⟨0.000 +0.653 +0.253 -0.552]

Optimal ET sequence: 118, 593, 711, 829, 947, 9588cc, 10535cc, 11482ccc

Badness (Sintel): 5.12