84edo

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← 83edo 84edo 85edo →
Prime factorization 22 × 3 × 7
Step size 14.2857 ¢ 
Fifth 49\84 (700 ¢) (→ 7\12)
Semitones (A1:m2) 7:7 (100 ¢ : 100 ¢)
Consistency limit 9
Distinct consistency limit 9

84 equal divisions of the octave (abbreviated 84edo or 84ed2), also called 84-tone equal temperament (84tet) or 84 equal temperament (84et) when viewed under a regular temperament perspective, is the tuning system that divides the octave into 84 equal parts of about 14.3 ¢ each. Each step represents a frequency ratio of 21/84, or the 84th root of 2.

Theory

84edo shares the perfect fifth with 12edo, tempering out the Pythagorean comma in its patent val. In the 5-limit it tempers out the sensipent comma; in the 7-limit 225/224, 1728/1715, 2430/2401, 6144/6125, supporting orwell, compton, and sensei. In the 13-limit it is the optimal patent val for the rank-5 temperament tempering out 144/143.

84edo is where the orwell temperament takes its name from, since the generator of 7/6 is equal to 19 steps of the edo, referencing the book 1984. Orwell in 84edo comes in two varieties—the 84e val 84 133 195 236 290], supporting the original orwell, and its patent val 84 133 195 236 291] supporting newspeak. 84edo orwell offers mos scales of size 9, 13, 22, and 31, of which the 31-note scale is the maximal evenness scale.

High limit consistency and coverage

It has fairly good approximation to higher prime harmonics such as 13, 19, 23, 29, 31, 41, 43, 53, 59, 61, 73 and 89, so that it is for its size very performant for much of the 61-limit (with more off primes usually being sharp so that they can cancel opportunistically with other sharp harmonics). In fact, if we avoid all intervals of 11 and 17 as well as the complex compound prime powers 27 and 49, it is completely consistent in the no-37's no-47's 65-odd-limit excepting only 1 inconsistent pair, 45/43 and 86/45, which are inconsistent by ~1.3 ¢ (off by ~7.3 ¢), offering a truly vast inventory of harmony to draw from that has mostly been unexplored. This is especially true because its approximation powers do not end there: prime 11, due to its simplicity (and thus lesser tuning fidelity), is certainly usable (just causes some inconsistencies), and there are higher primes that are reasonably in-tune too (when supported by context). Except 17, the only missing primes are thus 37, 47, 67, 71, 79 and 83, which coincidentally are all about 6 cents sharp, similar to the sharpness of prime 11, so that it somewhat makes up for these omissions by having a very accurate 22:37:47:67:71:79:83 chord, to which various additions are possible (though usually increasing the error as a result).

Prime harmonics

Approximation of prime harmonics in 84edo
Harmonic 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37
Error Absolute (¢) +0.00 -1.96 -0.60 +2.60 +5.82 +2.33 -4.96 +2.49 +0.30 -1.01 -2.18 +5.80
Relative (%) +0.0 -13.7 -4.2 +18.2 +40.8 +16.3 -34.7 +17.4 +2.1 -7.0 -15.2 +40.6
Steps
(reduced)
84
(0)
133
(49)
195
(27)
236
(68)
291
(39)
311
(59)
343
(7)
357
(21)
380
(44)
408
(72)
416
(80)
438
(18)
Approximation of prime harmonics in 84edo (continued)
Harmonic 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89
Error Absolute (¢) -0.49 +2.77 +5.92 -2.08 -2.03 -2.60 +6.41 +6.02 +0.78 +6.89 +7.10 +0.55
Relative (%) -3.4 +19.4 +41.5 -14.5 -14.2 -18.2 +44.9 +42.1 +5.5 +48.2 +49.7 +3.8
Steps
(reduced)
450
(30)
456
(36)
467
(47)
481
(61)
494
(74)
498
(78)
510
(6)
517
(13)
520
(16)
530
(26)
536
(32)
544
(40)

Subsets and supersets

84 is a largely composite number. Since 84 factors as 22 × 3 × 7, 84edo has subset edos 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 12, 14, 21, 28, 42. Being a small multiple of 28, it tempers out the oquatonic comma, which maps 5/4 to 9\28.

Intervals

# Cents Approximate ratios* Ups and downs notation
0 0.0 1/1 Perfect 1sn P1 D
1 14.3 81/80, 105/104, 126/125, 169/168, 196/195 Up 1sn ^1 ^D
2 28.6 50/49, 64/63, 65/64, 91/90 Dup 1sn ^^1 ^^D
3 42.9 36/35, 40/39, 46/45, 49/48 Trup 1sn ^^^1 ^^^D
4 57.1 27/26 Trudminor 2nd vvvm2 vvvEb
5 71.4 24/23, 25/24, 26/25, 28/27 Dudminor 2nd vvm2 vvEb
6 85.7 20/19, 21/20 Downminor 2nd vm2 vEb
7 100.0 19/18 Minor 2nd m2 Eb
8 114.3 15/14, 16/15 Upminor 2nd ^m2 ^Eb
9 128.6 14/13 Dupminor 2nd ^^m2 ^^Eb
10 142.9 13/12 Trupminor 2nd ^^^m2 ^^^Eb
11 157.1 23/21 Trudmajor 2nd vvvM2 vvvE
12 171.4 21/19 Dudmajor 2nd vvM2 vvE
13 185.7 10/9 Downmajor 2nd vM2 vE
14 200.0 9/8 Major 2nd M2 E
15 214.3 26/23 Upmajor 2nd ^M2 ^E
16 228.6 8/7 Dupmajor 2nd ^^M2 ^^E
17 242.9 15/13, 23/20 Trupmajor 2nd ^^^M2 ^^^E
18 257.1 52/45 Trudminor 3rd vvvm3 vvvF
19 271.4 7/6 Dudminor 3rd vvm2 vvF
20 285.7 45/38, 46/39 Downminor 3rd vm3 vF
21 300.0 19/16, 25/21, 32/27 Minor 3rd m3 F
22 314.3 6/5 Upminor 3rd ^m3 ^F
23 328.6 23/19 Dupminor 3rd ^^m3 ^^F
24 342.9 28/23, 39/32 Trupminor 3rd ^^^m3 ^^^F
25 357.1 16/13 Trudmajor 3rd vvvM3 vvvF#
26 371.4 26/21 Dudmajor 3rd vvM3 vvF#
27 385.7 5/4 Downmajor 3rd vM3 vF#
28 400.0 24/19 Major 3rd M3 F#
29 414.3 19/15 Upmajor 3rd ^M3 ^F#
30 428.6 9/7, 23/18, 32/25 Dupmajor 3rd ^^M3 ^^F#
31 442.9 84/65 Trupmajor 3rd ^^^M3 ^^^F#
32 457.1 13/10, 30/23 Trud 4th vvv4 vvvG
33 471.4 21/16 Dud 4th vv4 vvG
34 485.7 65/49 Down 4th v4 vG
35 500.0 4/3 Perfect 4th P4 G
36 514.3 27/20 Up 4th ^4 ^G
37 528.6 19/14 Dup 4th ^^4 ^^G
38 542.9 26/19 Trup 4th ^^^4 ^^^G
39 557.1 18/13 Trudaug 4th vvvA4 vvvG#
40 571.4 25/18, 32/23 Dudaug 4th vvA4 vvG#
41 585.7 7/5 Downaug 4th vA4 vG#
42 600.0 27/19, 38/27 Aug 4th, Dim 5th A4, d5 G#, Ab
43 614.3 10/7 Updim 5th ^d5 ^Ab
44 628.6 23/16, 36/25 Dupdim 5th ^^d5 ^^Ab
45 642.9 13/9 Trupdim 5th ^^^d5 ^^^Ab
46 657.1 19/13 Trud 5th vvv5 vvvA
47 671.4 28/19 Dud 5th vv5 vvA
48 685.7 40/27 Down 5th v5 vA
49 700.0 3/2 Perfect 5th P5 A
50 714.3 98/65 Up 5th ^5 ^A
51 728.6 32/21 Dup 5th ^^5 ^^A
52 742.9 20/13, 23/15 Trup 5th ^^^5 ^^^A
53 757.1 65/42 Trudminor 6th vvvm6 vvvBb
54 771.4 14/9, 25/16, 36/23 Dudminor 6th vvm6 vvBb
55 785.7 30/19 Downminor 6th vm6 vBb
56 800.0 19/12 Minor 6th m6 Bb
57 814.3 8/5 Upminor 6th ^m6 ^Bb
58 828.6 21/13 Dupminor 6th ^^m6 ^^Bb
59 842.9 13/8 Trupminor 6th ^^^m6 ^^^Bb
60 857.1 23/14, 64/39 Trudmajor 6th vvvM6 vvvB
61 871.4 38/23 Dudmajor 6th vvM6 vvB
62 885.7 5/3 Downmajor 6th vM6 vB
63 900.0 32/19, 27/16, 42/25 Major 6th M6 B
64 914.3 39/23, 76/45 Upmajor 6th ^M6 ^B
65 928.6 12/7 Dupmajor 6th ^^M6 ^^B
66 942.9 45/26 Trupmajor 6th ^^^M6 ^^^B
67 957.1 26/15, 40/23 Trudminor 7th vvvm7 vvvC
68 971.4 7/4 Dudminor 7th vvm7 vvC
69 985.7 23/13 Downminor 7th vm7 vC
70 1000.0 16/9 Minor 7th m7 C
71 1014.3 9/5 Upminor 7th ^m7 ^C
72 1028.6 38/21 Dupminor 7th ^^m7 ^^C
73 1042.9 42/23 Trupminor 7th ^^^m7 ^^^C
74 1057.1 24/13 Trudmajor 7th vvvM7 vvvC#
75 1071.4 13/7 Dudmajor 7th vvM7 vvC#
76 1085.7 15/8, 28/15 Downmajor 7th vM7 vC#
77 1100.0 36/19 Major 7th M7 C#
78 1114.3 19/10, 40/21 Upmajor 7th ^M7 ^C#
79 1128.6 23/12, 25/13, 27/14, 48/25 Dupmajor 7th ^^M7 ^^C#
80 1142.9 52/27 Trupmajor 7th ^^^M7 ^^^C#
81 1157.1 35/18, 39/20, 96/49 Trud 8ve vvv8 vvvD
82 1171.4 45/23, 49/25, 63/32, 128/65, 180/91 Dud 8ve vv8 vvD
83 1185.7 125/63, 160/81, 195/98, 336/169 Down 8ve v8 vD
84 1200.0 2/1 Perfect 8ve P8 D

* As a 2.3.5.7.13.19.23-subgroup temperament

Notation

Ups and downs notation

Using Helmholtz–Ellis accidentals, 84edo can be notated using ups and downs notation:

Semitones 0 17 27 37 47 57 67 1 1+17 1+27 1+37 1+47 1+57 1+67 2 1+17 1+27 1+37
Sharp symbol
Heji18.svg
Heji19.svg
Heji20.svg
Heji21.svg
Heji22.svg
Heji23.svg
Heji24.svg
Heji25.svg
Heji26.svg
Heji27.svg
Heji28.svg
Heji29.svg
Heji30.svg
Heji31.svg
Heji32.svg
Heji33.svg
Heji34.svg
Heji35.svg
Flat symbol
Heji17.svg
Heji16.svg
Heji15.svg
Heji14.svg
Heji13.svg
Heji12.svg
Heji11.svg
Heji10.svg
Heji9.svg
Heji8.svg
Heji7.svg
Heji6.svg
Heji5.svg
Heji4.svg
Heji3.svg
Heji2.svg
Heji1.svg

4L 5s (gramitonic) notation

This notation is based on Orwell[9]. Notes are denoted as LsLsLsLss = JKLMNOPQRJ, and raising and lowering by a chroma (L − s), 3 steps in this instance, is denoted by & ("amp") and @ ("at").

# Cents Note Name Associated Ratio
0 0.0 J Perfect 0-gramstep 1/1
8 114.3 K@ Minor 1-gramstep 15/14~16/15
11 157.1 K Major 1-gramstep 11/10~12/11
16 228.6 L@ Diminished 2-gramstep 8/7
19 271.4 L Perfect 2-gramstep 7/6
27 385.7 M@ Minor 3-gramstep 5/4
30 428.6 M Major 3-gramstep 9/7
35 500.0 N@ Minor 4-gramstep 4/3
38 542.9 N Major 4-gramstep 11/8~15/11
46 657.1 O@ Minor 5-gramstep 16/11~22/15
49 700.0 O Major 5-gramstep 3/2
54 771.4 P@ Minor 6-gramstep 14/9
57 814.3 P Major 6-gramstep 8/5
65 928.6 Q@ Perfect 7-gramstep 12/7
68 971.4 Q Augmented 7-gramstep 7/4
73 1042.9 R@ Minor 8-gramstep 11/6~20/11
76 1085.7 R Major 8-gramstep 15/8~28/15
84 1200.0 J Perfect 9-gramstep 2/1

Approximation to JI

Zeta peak index

Tuning Strength Closest edo Integer limit
ZPI Steps per octave Step size (cents) Height Integral Gap Edo Octave (cents) Consistent Distinct
462zpi 83.9972142607288 14.2861880666087 8.020965 1.241945 16.733121 84edo 1200.03979759513 10 10

Regular temperament properties

Subgroup Comma list Mapping Optimal
8ve stretch (¢)
Tuning error
Absolute (¢) Relative (%)
2.3.5 78732/78125, 531441/524288 [84 133 195]] +0.498 0.531 3.72
2.3.5.7 225/224, 1728/1715, 78732/78125 [84 133 195 236]] +0.141 0.769 5.39
2.3.5.7.13 225/224, 351/350, 640/637, 1701/1690 [84 133 195 236 311]] −0.013 0.754 5.28
2.3.5.7.11 225/224, 441/440, 1344/1331, 1728/1715 [84 133 195 236 291]] (84) −0.225 1.003 7.02
2.3.5.7.11.13 144/143, 225/224, 351/350, 441/440, 975/968 [84 133 195 236 291 311]] (84) −0.292 0.928 6.50
2.3.5.7.11 99/98, 121/120, 176/175, 78732/78125 [84 133 195 236 290]] (84e) +0.601 1.151 8.05
2.3.5.7.11.13 99/98, 121/120, 176/175, 275/273, 1701/1690 [84 133 195 236 290 311]] (84e) +0.396 1.146 8.02

Rank-2 temperaments

Table of rank-2 temperaments by generator
Periods
per 8ve
Generator* Cents* Associated
ratio*
Temperament
1 19\84 271.43 7/6 Orwell (84e) / newspeak (84)
1 25\84 357.14 768/625 Dodifo
1 27\84 385.71 5/4 Mutt
1 31\84 442.86 125/81 Sensei
1 41\84 585.71 7/5 Merman
2 5\84 71.43 25/24 Narayana
2 11\84 157.14 35/32 Bison
2 13\84 185.71 10/9 Secant
3 11\84 157.14 35/32 Nessafof
7 5\84 500.00
(14.29)
4/3
(81/80)
Absurdity
12 27\84
(1\84)
385.71
(14.29)
5/4
(126/125)
Compton
21 41\84
(1\84)
585.71
(14.29)
91875/65536
(126/125)
Akjayland
28 49\84
(1\84)
500.00
(14.29)
4/3
(105/104)
Oquatonic

* Octave-reduced form, reduced to the first half-octave, and minimal form in parentheses if distinct

Scales

MOS

Brightest mode is listed.

Other

Instruments

If you have a precise enough tuner and stable enough instruments, 84edo can be played using 7 instruments tuned a 14th of a tone apart.

You could also try the Lumatone mapping for 84edo

Music

John Cage
Eliora
JUMBLE