Kite's color notation: Difference between revisions
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* Most importantly, one can name not only notes but also intervals. As a result, color notation can name scales, chords, chord progressions, and even prime subgroups and temperaments. Thus it's not merely a notation but a complete nomenclature. | * Most importantly, one can name not only notes but also intervals. As a result, color notation can name scales, chords, chord progressions, and even prime subgroups and temperaments. Thus it's not merely a notation but a complete nomenclature. | ||
'''Colorspeak''' is the term for spoken color notation. It's designed to be easily pronounced no matter what one's native language is and also to be very concise; almost every element of colorspeak is only one short syllable ending with a vowel. The five basic vowels are pronounced | '''Colorspeak''' is the term for spoken color notation. It's designed to be easily pronounced no matter what one's native language is and also to be very concise; almost every element of colorspeak is only one short syllable ending with a vowel. The five basic vowels are pronounced as in m'''a''', m'''e'''t, m'''e''', m'''ow''', and m'''oo''' by an English speaker, but perhaps differently by others. | ||
== Color names for primes 3, 5, and 7 == | == Color names for primes 3, 5, and 7 == | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 3-all | | 3-all | ||
| = '''wa''' | | = '''wa''' = white (strong but colorless) = often perfect | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 5-over | | 5-over | ||
| = '''yo''' | | = '''yo''' = yellow (warm and sunny) = often major | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 5-under | | 5-under | ||
| = '''gu''' | | = '''gu''' ("goo") = green (not as bright as yellow) = often minor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 7-over | | 7-over | ||
| = '''zo''' | | = '''zo''' = blue/azure (dark and bluesy) = often subminor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 7-under | | 7-under | ||
| = '''ru''' | | = '''ru''' = red (alarming, inflamed) = often supermajor | ||
|} | |} | ||
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The general term for large/small/central is '''magnitude'''. Only intervals have a magnitude, notes never do, and L and s never appear on the staff. A ratio's magnitude is the sum of all the [[monzo|prime-counts]] except the first one, divided by 7, and rounded off. {{nowrap|0 {{=}} central|1 {{=}} large|2 {{=}} double large}}, etc. {{nowrap|81/64 {{=}} {{vector| -6 4 }}}}, and 4/7 rounds to 1, so 81/64 is a lawa 3rd = Lw3. Similarly, {{nowrap|135/128 {{=}} {{vector| -7 3 1 }}}} is a layo unison = Ly1. Unfortunately, magnitudes do not add up predictably like colors and degrees: {{nowrap|w2 + w2 {{=}} Lw3}}. | The general term for large/small/central is '''magnitude'''. Only intervals have a magnitude, notes never do, and L and s never appear on the staff. A ratio's magnitude is the sum of all the [[monzo|prime-counts]] except the first one, divided by 7, and rounded off. {{nowrap|0 {{=}} central|1 {{=}} large|2 {{=}} double large}}, etc. {{nowrap|81/64 {{=}} {{vector| -6 4 }}}}, and 4/7 rounds to 1, so 81/64 is a lawa 3rd = Lw3. Similarly, {{nowrap|135/128 {{=}} {{vector| -7 3 1 }}}} is a layo unison = Ly1. Unfortunately, magnitudes do not add up predictably like colors and degrees: {{nowrap|w2 + w2 {{=}} Lw3}}. | ||
Colors can be doubled or tripled, which are abbreviated '''bi-''' ("b{{w|close front unrounded vowel|ee}}" | Colors can be doubled or tripled, which are abbreviated '''bi-''' ("b{{w|close front unrounded vowel|ee}}") and '''tri-''' ("tr{{w|close front unrounded vowel|ee}}"): 49/25 is a bizogu 9th = zzgg9, and 128/125 is a trigu 2nd = ggg2. Bi- is only used if it shortens the name: 25/16 is a yoyo 5th, not a biyo 5th. Likewise with magnitudes: double-large is lala and triple-large is trila. For quadruple, etc., see [[#Exponents]]. | ||
Colors using only one prime above 3 are called '''primary''' colors. Thus gu and yoyo are primary and ruyo is non-primary. | Colors using only one prime above 3 are called '''primary''' colors. Thus gu and yoyo are primary and ruyo is non-primary. | ||
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Colors for primes greater than 7 are named after the number itself, using the prefix '''i-''' for disambiguation as needed: | Colors for primes greater than 7 are named after the number itself, using the prefix '''i-''' for disambiguation as needed: | ||
{{nowrap|'''Lo''' {{=}} 11-over|'''lu''' {{=}} 11-under}}, and {{nowrap|'''la''' {{=}} 11-all}} = 2.3.11. Because "lo C" sounds like "low C", lo when by itself becomes '''ilo''' "ee-LOW" | {{nowrap|'''Lo''' {{=}} 11-over|'''lu''' {{=}} 11-under}}, and {{nowrap|'''la''' {{=}} 11-all}} = 2.3.11. Because "lo C" sounds like "low C", lo when by itself becomes '''ilo''' ("ee-LOW"). But when with other syllables, it doesn't need i-, as in {{nowrap|11/7 {{=}} loru 5th}}. La when by itself becomes '''ila''', to avoid confusion with the solfege note La, and also with La for large. Sans serif fonts like the one you're reading right now conflate upper-case-i with lower-case-L, so ilo and ila are capitalized as iLo and iLa rather than Ilo and Ila. iLo and lu are abbreviated to '''1o''' and '''1u''' both on the score and in interval names and chord names, e.g. ilo A = 1oA, ilo 4th = 1o4 = 11/8, and C ilo seven = C1o7 = 1/1 - 11/9 - 3/2 - 11/6. Lolo is written 1oo. The associated color is lavender (mnemonic: "e-leven-der"), which refers to both ilo and lu, since they are only [[243/242 |7.1{{c}}]] apart. Lavender is a '''pseudocolor''' that implies the [http://x31eq.com/cgi-bin/rt.cgi?ets=24_17&limit=2_3_11 Lulu aka Neutral] temperament. iLo notes could be called lovender, and lu notes could be called luvender. Both are "shades" of lavender. | ||
'''Tho''' | '''Tho''' = 13-over, '''thu''' = 13-under, and '''tha''' = 13-all. "{{w|Voiceless_dental_fricative|Th}}" is unvoiced, as in "'''th'''irteen". Tho and thu are abbreviated as '''3o''' and '''3u''' on the score and in interval names, e.g. 13/8 is a tho 6th = 3o6 and 14/13 is a thuzo 2nd = 3uz2. Thuthu is written 3uu. | ||
<u>Prime subgroups:</u> yala = 2.3.5.11, zalatha nowa = 2.7.11.13, and yazalatha = 2.3.5.7.11.13 = the full 13-limit. '''Noya''' is a descriptive adjective, not used in actual prime subgroup names, that indicates the absence of 5 and the presence of higher primes, e.g. zala, latha and zalatha are all noya. Likewise, there's '''noza''', '''noyaza''', etc. | <u>Prime subgroups:</u> yala = 2.3.5.11, zalatha nowa = 2.7.11.13, and yazalatha = 2.3.5.7.11.13 = the full 13-limit. '''Noya''' is a descriptive adjective, not used in actual prime subgroup names, that indicates the absence of 5 and the presence of higher primes, e.g. zala, latha and zalatha are all noya. Likewise, there's '''noza''', '''noyaza''', etc. | ||
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The triyo unison can be written as y<sup>3</sup>1 for, but it's more convenient (as well as closer to the spoken form) to write 3y1. Trilo is written 3(1o) to distinguish it from 31o, thirty-one-over. | The triyo unison can be written as y<sup>3</sup>1 for, but it's more convenient (as well as closer to the spoken form) to write 3y1. Trilo is written 3(1o) to distinguish it from 31o, thirty-one-over. | ||
We've seen bi- for double and tri- for triple. Quadruple and quintuple are abbreviated '''quad-''' and '''quin-''', as in quadyo or quingu. Colorspeak syllables usually end in one of the five basic vowels. Quad and quin are both exceptions, so quad may optionally be spoken as "kwah" | We've seen bi- for double and tri- for triple. Quadruple and quintuple are abbreviated '''quad-''' and '''quin-''', as in quadyo or quingu. Colorspeak syllables usually end in one of the five basic vowels. Quad and quin are both exceptions, so quad may optionally be spoken as "kwah", and quin as "kwee". | ||
Except for quad, all exponent syllables are prime numbers. Septuple is '''sep-'''. Above 7, all exponent syllables are the root color word plus -e for exponent. Eleven-fold is '''le-''' = "e'''<u>l</u>'''even '''<u>e</u>'''xponent", pronounced as in "<u>le</u>ns". Thirteen-fold is '''the-''' as in "<u>the</u>saurus". Note that sep- means seven-fold and '''se-''' means seven<u>teen</u>-fold. | Except for quad, all exponent syllables are prime numbers. Septuple is '''sep-'''. Above 7, all exponent syllables are the root color word plus -e for exponent. Eleven-fold is '''le-''' = "e'''<u>l</u>'''even '''<u>e</u>'''xponent", pronounced as in "<u>le</u>ns". Thirteen-fold is '''the-''' as in "<u>the</u>saurus". Note that sep- means seven-fold and '''se-''' means seven<u>teen</u>-fold. | ||
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* Put a hyphen after coco-, trico-, etc. | * Put a hyphen after coco-, trico-, etc. | ||
* Put a hyphen before and after "seventy", "eighty", etc. | * Put a hyphen before and after "seventy", "eighty", etc. | ||
The hyphen is | The hyphen is omitted if it would create a subunit of 1 syllable. Thus despite the 2nd rule, layo, lalagu and sagugu are all unhyphenated. And despite the 3rd rule, coyo, cozogu and cocowa are unhyphenated. However, the last rule always holds, e.g. 284/243 = 2<sup>2</sup> * 3<sup>-5</sup> * 71 is a sa-seventy-wo 3rd. | ||
== Converting a ratio to/from a color name == | == Converting a ratio to/from a color name == | ||
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=== Po and qu === | === Po and qu === | ||
'''Po''' and '''qu''' ( | '''Po''' and '''qu''' ("coo") (short forms '''p''' and '''q''') are two optional inflections that indicate raising/lowering by a pythagorean comma. (Mnemonics: p stands for pythagorean, and q is the mirror image of p.) Why would one want to do that? Because by first subtracting that comma and then adding it on again, one can rename a note as another note. This is similar to [[Sagittal notation |Sagittal]] notation (see [http://tallkite.com/misc_files/Sagittal-JI-Translated-To-Colors.png Sagittal-JI-Translated-To-Colors.png]). | ||
For example, F# minus a pythagorean comma is Gb. And Gb plus a pythagorean comma is po Gb. Thus an alternate name for F# is po Gb. <u>Adding po raises the degree by one</u>. The new note name is always a 12edo equivalent of the old note name. Adding qu lowers the degree: {{nowrap|Gb {{=}} qu F#}}. If one is resolving from 31oGb to G, one can rename 31oGb as 31oqF# = thiwoqu F sharp. | For example, F# minus a pythagorean comma is Gb. And Gb plus a pythagorean comma is po Gb. Thus an alternate name for F# is po Gb. <u>Adding po raises the degree by one</u>. The new note name is always a 12edo equivalent of the old note name. Adding qu lowers the degree: {{nowrap|Gb {{=}} qu F#}}. If one is resolving from 31oGb to G, one can rename 31oGb as 31oqF# = thiwoqu F sharp. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! prime | ! prime | ||
! colspan="2" | -o ({{w|mid back rounded vowel|"oh"}} | ! colspan="2" | -o ({{w|mid back rounded vowel|"oh"}}) for over | ||
! colspan="2" | -u ({{w|close back rounded vowel|"oo"}} | ! colspan="2" | -u ({{w|close back rounded vowel|"oo"}}) for under | ||
! colspan="2" | -a ({{w|open central unrounded vowel|"ah"}} | ! colspan="2" | -a ({{w|open central unrounded vowel|"ah"}}) for all | ||
! colspan="2" | -e ({{w|open-mid front unrounded vowel|"eh"}} | ! colspan="2" | -e ({{w|open-mid front unrounded vowel|"eh"}}) for exponent | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2 | | 2 | ||
| colspan="2" | — | | colspan="2" | — | ||
| colspan="2" | — | | colspan="2" | — | ||
| (clear) | | ca (clear) | ||
| — | | — | ||
| bi ("b{{w|close front unrounded vowel|ee}}") | | bi ("b{{w|close front unrounded vowel|ee}}") | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Kite's color notation/Catalog of rank-2 temperaments]] | * [[Kite's color notation/Catalog of rank-2 temperaments]] | ||
* [[xen-calc]] – A web app that converts to/from ratios, prime-count vectors and color notation, and also supports ups and downs notation | * [[xen-calc]] – A web app that converts to/from ratios, prime-count vectors and color notation, and also supports ups and downs notation | ||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||