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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
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<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">=Music based on the overtone series=
{{Wikipedia|Harmonic series (music)}}
The '''harmonic series''' is a sequence of [[Pitch|tone]]s generated by whole-number frequency [[ratio]]s over a fundamental: [[1/1]], [[2/1]], [[3/1]], [[4/1]], [[5/1]], [[6/1]], [[7/1]]… ad infinitum. Each member of this series is a [[harmonic]] (which is short for "harmonic partial").


The overtone series can be mathematically generated by frequency ratios 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 4/1, 5/1, 6/1, 7/1... ad infinitum.
Note that the terms ''overtone'' and '''overtone series''' are not quite synonymous with ''harmonic'' and ''harmonic series'', respectively, although interchangeable usage is also attested. Technically speaking, ''overtone series'' excludes the starting fundamental, so the 2nd harmonic is the 1st overtone. Because of that distinction, the math of the "overtone series" is off by one. So, "harmonic series" is arguably the preferred standard.
The undertone series is its inversion: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum.
Steps between adjacent members of either series are called "superparticular," &amp; they appear in the form a/(a-1), eg. 4/3, 28/27, 33/32...


In just intonation theory, the overtone series is often treated as the foundation of consonance.
In [[just intonation]] theory, the harmonic series is often treated as the foundation of consonance.  


One might compose with the overtone series by, for instance:
The [[subharmonic series]] (or undertone series) is the inversion of the harmonic series: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum.
* Tuning to the first several overtones over one fundamental.
* Tuning to an octave-repeating slice of the overtone series for use as a scale (for instance overtones 8 though 16, [[otones12-24|12 through 24]], [[otones20-40|20 through 40]]... see [[Overtone Scales]]).
* Tuning to the overtones of the overtones.
* Tuning to the overtones of the overtones &amp; the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as [[Harry Partch]]'s 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called "[[JustIntonation|just intonation]]" than "overtone music".)


== ==
[[File:HEJI harmonics 1-16.png|thumb|center|650px|Harmonic series on A, partials 1 to 16, notated in [[HEJI]].]]
==External links==


[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_music|Spectral music article on wikipedia]]
== Chord of nature ==
[[http://www.naturton-musik.de/|www.naturton-musik.de]] - web site dedicated to overtone music (by austrian composer Johannes Kotschy) - a lot of theory material and practical guides to write music based on the overtone series
{{Wikipedia|Klang (music)}}
[[http://www.overtone.cc|Overtone music network]] - a portal for overtone music.
Treated as a [[chord]], the harmonic series is sometimes called the '''chord of nature'''; in German this has been called the '''Klang'''.
[[http://www.xing.com/net/overtonenetwork|Oberton-Netzwerk (Xing)]] - german-speaking group dedicated to overtone music on the social network platform [[http://www.xing.com|Xing]]. Microtonal music in general is welcome, too.


==Some individual compositions==
The ''q''-limit chord of nature is 1:2:3:4:...:''q'' up to some odd number ''q'', and is the basic ''q''-[[limit]] [[Otonality and utonality|otonality]] which can be equated via [[Octave reduction|octave equivalence]] to other versions of the complete ''q''-limit otonal chord.


[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimmung|Stimmung]] by Karlheinz Stockhausen
== Music based on the harmonic series ==
[[http://www.southern.com/southern/band/BRANC/disc.html|Symphony No.3 (Gloria)]] by [[http://www.glennbranca.com/|Glenn Branca]]
The [[chord of nature]] is the name sometimes given to the harmonic series, or the series up to a certain stopping point, regarded as a chord.
Various by [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Friedrich_Haas|Georg Friedrich Haas]]


Various played with [[http://www.fujara.sk/audio_samples.htm|Fujara]] (slovak overtone flute)
Steps between adjacent members of the harmonic series are called "[[superparticular]]," and they appear in the form (''n''+1)/''n'' (e.g. [[4/3]], [[28/27]], [[33/32]]).
Various by [[http://www.soundwell.com/music-e.htm|SoundWell]] ("Snake" overtone flute)
Various by [[http://www.spectralvoices.com/review.htm|Spectral Voices]] (meditative new age with overtone singing)
Various by [[http://www.stimmhorn.ch/|Stimmhorn]] (experimental alphorn and yodeling combined with overtone singing)


[[http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/%7Esethares/mp3s/immanent.html|Immanent Sphere]] by William Sethares
One might compose with the harmonic series by, for instance:
[[http://mysterybear.net/article/23/palimpsest|Palimsest]] by Dave Seidel
[[http://mysterybear.net/article/22/owllight|Owllight]] by Dave Seidel
[[http://mysterybear.net/article/18/threnody|Threnody]] by Dave Seidel
[[http://www.i-ching-music.com/FREE102.html|Planetary Ripples]] by Richard Burdick


==See also:==
* Tuning to the first several harmonics over one fundamental;
[[Isoharmonic Chords]]
* Tuning to an octave-repeating slice of the harmonic series for use as a scale (for instance harmonics 8 though 16, [[otones12-24|12 through 24]], [[otones20-40|20 through 40]]... see [[overtone scales]]);
[[First Five Octaves of the Harmonic Series]]
* Tuning to the overtones of the overtones & the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as [[Harry Partch]]'s 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called "just intonation" than "overtone music".)
[[Overtone Scales]]
 
[[ListOfOvertones]]</pre></div>
== Music ==
<h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
; [[Richard Burdick]]
<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;OverToneSeries&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:0:&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h1 id="toc0"&gt;&lt;a name="Music based on the overtone series"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:0 --&gt;Music based on the overtone series&lt;/h1&gt;
* [http://www.i-ching-music.com/FREE102.html ''Planetary Ripples'']{{dead link}}
&lt;br /&gt;
 
The overtone series can be mathematically generated by frequency ratios 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 4/1, 5/1, 6/1, 7/1... ad infinitum.&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Folkart Slovakia]] ([http://www.fujara.sk/audio_samples.htm site])
The undertone series is its inversion: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum.&lt;br /&gt;
* Various played with Fujara (slovak overtone flute)
Steps between adjacent members of either series are called &amp;quot;superparticular,&amp;quot; &amp;amp; they appear in the form a/(a-1), eg. 4/3, 28/27, 33/32...&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;
; {{w|Georg Friedrich Haas}}
In just intonation theory, the overtone series is often treated as the foundation of consonance.&lt;br /&gt;
* Various<sup>[''which?'']</sup>
&lt;br /&gt;
 
One might compose with the overtone series by, for instance:&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Dave Hill]]
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tuning to the first several overtones over one fundamental.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tuning to an octave-repeating slice of the overtone series for use as a scale (for instance overtones 8 though 16, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/otones12-24"&gt;12 through 24&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/otones20-40"&gt;20 through 40&lt;/a&gt;... see &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Overtone%20Scales"&gt;Overtone Scales&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tuning to the overtones of the overtones.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tuning to the overtones of the overtones &amp;amp; the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Harry%20Partch"&gt;Harry Partch&lt;/a&gt;'s 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called &amp;quot;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/JustIntonation"&gt;just intonation&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;overtone music&amp;quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://sonic-arts.org/hill/10-passages-ji/10-passages-ji.htm ''Chord Progression on the Harmonic Overtone Series'']{{dead link}} [http://sonic-arts.org/hill/10-passages-ji/06_hill_chord-progression-on-harmonic-series.mp3 play]{{dead link}}
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:2:&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h2 id="toc1"&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:2 --&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;
 
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:4:&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h2 id="toc2"&gt;&lt;a name="Music based on the overtone series-External links"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:4 --&gt;External links&lt;/h2&gt;
; [[Norbert Oldani]]
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''[http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Oldani/DroneInsideAnHarmonicSeries.mp3 Drone Inside An Harmonic Series]''{{dead link}}
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_music" rel="nofollow"&gt;Spectral music article on wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.naturton-musik.de/" rel="nofollow"&gt;www.naturton-musik.de&lt;/a&gt; - web site dedicated to overtone music (by austrian composer Johannes Kotschy) - a lot of theory material and practical guides to write music based on the overtone series&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Dave Seidel]]
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.overtone.cc" rel="nofollow"&gt;Overtone music network&lt;/a&gt; - a portal for overtone music.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/18/threnody ''Threnody'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127015923/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Threnody.mp3 play]
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.xing.com/net/overtonenetwork" rel="nofollow"&gt;Oberton-Netzwerk (Xing)&lt;/a&gt; - german-speaking group dedicated to overtone music on the social network platform &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.xing.com" rel="nofollow"&gt;Xing&lt;/a&gt;. Microtonal music in general is welcome, too.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/22/owllight ''Owllight'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012201/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Owllight.mp3 play]
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/23/palimpsest ''Palimsest'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012920/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Palimpsest.mp3 play]
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:6:&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h2 id="toc3"&gt;&lt;a name="Music based on the overtone series-Some individual compositions"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:6 --&gt;Some individual compositions&lt;/h2&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;
; [[William Sethares]]
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimmung" rel="nofollow"&gt;Stimmung&lt;/a&gt; by Karlheinz Stockhausen&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Immanent Sphere'' – [https://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/mp3s/immanent.html detail] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127013148/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Sethares/ImmanentSphere.mp3 play]
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.southern.com/southern/band/BRANC/disc.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Symphony No.3 (Gloria)&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.glennbranca.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Glenn Branca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 
Various by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Friedrich_Haas" rel="nofollow"&gt;Georg Friedrich Haas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
; [[SoundWell]] ([http://www.soundwell.com/en/music site])
&lt;br /&gt;
* Various ("Snake" overtone flute)
Various played with &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.fujara.sk/audio_samples.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Fujara&lt;/a&gt; (slovak overtone flute)&lt;br /&gt;
 
Various by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.soundwell.com/music-e.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;SoundWell&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;Snake&amp;quot; overtone flute)&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Spectral Voices]] ([http://www.spectralvoices.com/ site])
Various by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.spectralvoices.com/review.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Spectral Voices&lt;/a&gt; (meditative new age with overtone singing)&lt;br /&gt;
* Various (meditative new age with overtone singing)
Various by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.stimmhorn.ch/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Stimmhorn&lt;/a&gt; (experimental alphorn and yodeling combined with overtone singing)&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Stimmhorn]] ([http://www.stimmhorn.ch/ site])
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/%7Esethares/mp3s/immanent.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Immanent Sphere&lt;/a&gt; by William Sethares&lt;br /&gt;
* Various (experimental alphorn and yodeling combined with overtone singing)
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://mysterybear.net/article/23/palimpsest" rel="nofollow"&gt;Palimsest&lt;/a&gt; by Dave Seidel&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://mysterybear.net/article/22/owllight" rel="nofollow"&gt;Owllight&lt;/a&gt; by Dave Seidel&lt;br /&gt;
; {{w|Karlheinz Stockhausen}}
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://mysterybear.net/article/18/threnody" rel="nofollow"&gt;Threnody&lt;/a&gt; by Dave Seidel&lt;br /&gt;
* {{w|Stimmung|''Stimmung''}} (1968)
&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.i-ching-music.com/FREE102.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Planetary Ripples&lt;/a&gt; by Richard Burdick&lt;br /&gt;
* {{w|Sternklang|''Sternklang''}} (1971)
&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:8:&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h2 id="toc4"&gt;&lt;a name="Music based on the overtone series-See also:"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:8 --&gt;See also:&lt;/h2&gt;
; [[Cam Taylor]]
&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Isoharmonic%20Chords"&gt;Isoharmonic Chords&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECLEbVXoTvA Harmonic series 4-8, 8-16 and 16-32 on the Lumatone] (2022)
&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/First%20Five%20Octaves%20of%20the%20Harmonic%20Series"&gt;First Five Octaves of the Harmonic Series&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Overtone%20Scales"&gt;Overtone Scales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Chris Vaisvil]]
&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/ListOfOvertones"&gt;ListOfOvertones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</pre></div>
* ''Rock Trio in Harmonic Series'' (2016) – [http://chrisvaisvil.com/rock-trio-in-harmonic-series/ blog] | [http://micro.soonlabel.com/harmonic_series/Nevadatite20160226_harmonic_band.mp3 play]
 
; {{w|Glenn Branca}} ([http://www.glennbranca.com/ site])
* ''Symphony No. 3 "Gloria"'' (1983)
 
== See also ==
* [[Subharmonic series]]
* [[Gallery of just intervals]]
* [[Isoharmonic chords]]
* [[First Five Octaves of the Harmonic Series]]
* [[Overtone scales]]
* [[List of octave-reduced harmonics]]
* [[Prime harmonic series]]
* [[Mike Sheiman's Very Easy Scale Building From The Harmonic Series Page]]
* [[8th Octave Overtone Tuning]]
* [[Johannes Kotschy]]
 
== External links ==
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_music Spectral music article on Wikipedia]
* [http://www.naturton-musik.de/ www.naturton-musik.de]{{dead link}} - web site dedicated to overtone music (by Austrian composer Johannes Kotschy) - a lot of theory material and practical guides to write music based on the overtone series
* [http://www.overtone.cc Overtone music network] - a portal for overtone music.
* [https://www.xing.com/net/overtonenetwork Oberton-Netzwerk (Xing)]{{dead link}} - German-speaking group dedicated to overtone music on the social network platform [http://www.xing.com Xing]. Microtonal music in general is welcome, too.
     
[[Category:Harmonic]]
[[Category:Listen]]
[[Category:Terms]]

Latest revision as of 03:49, 17 February 2025

English Wikipedia has an article on:

The harmonic series is a sequence of tones generated by whole-number frequency ratios over a fundamental: 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 4/1, 5/1, 6/1, 7/1… ad infinitum. Each member of this series is a harmonic (which is short for "harmonic partial").

Note that the terms overtone and overtone series are not quite synonymous with harmonic and harmonic series, respectively, although interchangeable usage is also attested. Technically speaking, overtone series excludes the starting fundamental, so the 2nd harmonic is the 1st overtone. Because of that distinction, the math of the "overtone series" is off by one. So, "harmonic series" is arguably the preferred standard.

In just intonation theory, the harmonic series is often treated as the foundation of consonance.

The subharmonic series (or undertone series) is the inversion of the harmonic series: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum.

Harmonic series on A, partials 1 to 16, notated in HEJI.

Chord of nature

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Treated as a chord, the harmonic series is sometimes called the chord of nature; in German this has been called the Klang.

The q-limit chord of nature is 1:2:3:4:...:q up to some odd number q, and is the basic q-limit otonality which can be equated via octave equivalence to other versions of the complete q-limit otonal chord.

Music based on the harmonic series

The chord of nature is the name sometimes given to the harmonic series, or the series up to a certain stopping point, regarded as a chord.

Steps between adjacent members of the harmonic series are called "superparticular," and they appear in the form (n+1)/n (e.g. 4/3, 28/27, 33/32).

One might compose with the harmonic series by, for instance:

  • Tuning to the first several harmonics over one fundamental;
  • Tuning to an octave-repeating slice of the harmonic series for use as a scale (for instance harmonics 8 though 16, 12 through 24, 20 through 40... see overtone scales);
  • Tuning to the overtones of the overtones & the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as Harry Partch's 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called "just intonation" than "overtone music".)

Music

Richard Burdick
Folkart Slovakia (site)
  • Various played with Fujara (slovak overtone flute)
Georg Friedrich Haas
  • Various[which?]
Dave Hill
Norbert Oldani
Dave Seidel
William Sethares
SoundWell (site)
  • Various ("Snake" overtone flute)
Spectral Voices (site)
  • Various (meditative new age with overtone singing)
Stimmhorn (site)
  • Various (experimental alphorn and yodeling combined with overtone singing)
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Cam Taylor
Chris Vaisvil
  • Rock Trio in Harmonic Series (2016) – blog | play
Glenn Branca (site)
  • Symphony No. 3 "Gloria" (1983)

See also

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Harmonic_series&oldid=180948"