Systematic comma names explained: Difference between revisions

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== Sagittal ==
== Sagittal ==
=== 5-comma, 5/7-kleisma, 35/11-kleisma, etc. ===
=== 5-comma, 5/7-kleisma, 35/11-kleisma, etc. ===
These types of comma names were developed for [[sagittal notation]]. After removing all factors of 2 and 3 from the comma, the resulting ratio may be broken into smaller factors if it is too complex{{clarify}} and is used as the first part of the comma's name. This ratio is followed by the comma's size category, distinguishing 10 categories below the [[apotome]]. For example, the septimal kleisma [[225/224]] is named '''7/25 kleisma''' (7/25k), and the syntonic comma [[81/80]] is named '''1/5 comma''' (1/5C) or "5-comma" in some early sources. Because the small size of [[Mercator's comma]] risks placing two commas related by 53 or more 3s in the same size category, this categorization scheme is most rigorously defined only on the simplest representation of the interval in its size category.{{clarify}}
These types of comma names were developed for [[sagittal notation]]. After removing all factors of 2 and 3 from the comma, the [[2.3-equivalent_class_and_Pythagorean-commatic_interval_naming_system|resulting ratio]] may be broken into smaller factors if it is too complex{{clarify}} and is used as the first part of the comma's name. This ratio is followed by the comma's size category, distinguishing 10 categories below the [[apotome]]. For example, the septimal kleisma [[225/224]] is named '''25/7 kleisma''' (7/25k), and the syntonic comma [[81/80]] is named '''1/5 comma''' (1/5C) or "5-comma" in some sources. Because complementation by the [[pythagorean comma]] (and adjustments by [[mercator's comma]]) risks placing commas and their inversions differing by factors of 2 and 3 in the same size category, this categorization scheme is most rigorously defined only on the simplest representation of the comma in its size category.{{clarify}}


These sagittal names can occasionally get mixed up with the closing-error type of name described earlier. For example, [[81/80|5-comma]] (81/80) is a sagittal name, but the most common meaning of [[31-comma]] uses a closing-error type name (even though "31-comma" is a valid sagittal name for a different interval). These clashes are unfortunate, but not fatal, as a look at the comma's page should reveal which system makes the most sense for interpreting its name.
These sagittal names can be confused on occasion with the closing-error type of name described earlier. For example, [[81/80|5-comma]] (81/80) is a sagittal name, but the most common meaning of [[31-comma]] uses a closing-error type name (even though "31-comma" is a valid sagittal name for a different interval). These clashes are unfortunate, but not fatal, as a look at the comma's page should reveal which system makes the most sense for interpreting its name.


Many comma pages with sagittal names were named using the spreadsheet  
Many comma pages with sagittal names were named using the spreadsheet  
[[File:CommaNamer.xls]], which was made in 2004.
[[File:CommaNamer.xls]], which was made in 2004.
According to the spreadsheet, these are the interval size boundaries in cents up to one decimal place:
From this spreadsheet, these are the cent values of the size categories up to one decimal place:
* Less than 1.8 cents = schismina (''or atom'')
* Less than 1.8 cents = schismina (or ''atom'')
* 1.8 to 4.5 = schisma (''or skisma, skhisma'')
* 1.8 to 4.5 = schisma (or ''skisma, skhisma'')
* 4.5 to 11.7 = kleisma (''or semicomma'')
* 4.5 to 11.7 = kleisma (or ''semicomma'')
* 11.7 to 35.2 = comma (''or diaschisma, diaskhisma, chroma'')
* 11.7 to 35.2 = comma (or ''diaschisma, diaskhisma, chroma'')
* 35.2 to 45.1 = minor-diesis (''or small-diesis, 1/5-tone, chroma'')
* 35.2 to 45.1 = small diesis (or ''minor diesis, 1/5-tone, chroma'')
* 45.1 to 56.8 = diesis (''or medium-diesis, 1/4-tone, chroma, enharmonic-diesis, enharmonic'')
* 45.1 to 56.8 = medium diesis (or ''diesis, 1/4-tone, chroma, enharmonic-diesis, enharmonic'')
* 56.8 to 68.6 = major-diesis (''or large-diesis, 1/3-tone'')
* 56.8 to 68.6 = large diesis (or ''major diesis, 1/3-tone'')
* 68.6 to 78.5 = chromatic-semitone (''or small-semitone'')
* 68.6 to 78.5 = small semitone (or ''chromatic semitone'')
* 78.5 to 102.0 = limma (''or medium-semitone'')
* 78.5 to 102.0 = medium semitone (or ''limma'')
* 102.0 to 111.9 = diatonic-semitone (''or large-semitone'')
* 102.0 to 111.9 = large semitone (or ''diatonic semitone'')
* 111.9 to 115.5 = apotome
* 111.9 to 115.5 = apotome
For intervals larger than the apotome, "plus-apotome" names are provided, although they are far less popular:
* 115.5 to 118.2 = schisma-plus-apotome
* 115.5 to 118.2 = schisma-plus-apotome
* 118.2 to 125.4 = kleisma-plus-apotome
* 118.2 to 125.4 = kleisma-plus-apotome
* 125.4 to 148.9 = comma-plus-apotome
* 125.4 to 148.9 = comma-plus-apotome
* 148.9 to 158.8 = minor-diesis-plus-apotome (''or neutral second'')
* 148.9 to 158.8 = small-diesis-plus-apotome (or ''neutral second'')
* 158.8 to 170.5 = diesis-plus-apotome
* 158.8 to 170.5 = medium-diesis-plus-apotome
* 170.5 to 182.3 = major-diesis-plus-apotome
* 170.5 to 182.3 = large-diesis-plus-apotome
* 182.3 to 192.2 = chromatic-semitone-plus-apotome
* 182.3 to 192.2 = small-semitone-plus-apotome
* 192.2 to 215.6 = limma-plus-apotome
* 192.2 to 215.6 = medium-semitone-plus-apotome
* 215.6 to 225.6 = diatonic-semitone-plus-apotome
* 215.6 to 225.6 = large-semitone-plus-apotome
* 225.6 to 229.2 = double-apotome
* 225.6 to 229.2 = double-apotome
Intervals larger than 229.2{{cent}} are outside the scope of this system.
Intervals larger than 229.2{{cent}} are outside the scope of this system.


In this context, the term "chroma" implied an absolute 5-exponent of 1 within this system. (But in wider xenharmonic usage, [[chroma]] is pretty vaguely defined and that does not necessarily apply).
In this context, the term "chroma" implied an absolute 5-exponent of 1 within this system.{{clarify}} (But in wider xenharmonic usage, [[chroma]] is pretty vaguely defined and that does not necessarily apply).


The spreadsheet advised not to use the "plus-apotome" names unless the interval is being considered first and foremost as a comma and not a scale degree.
{{todo|inline=1|expand|research|comment=explain how, exactly, the representative commas are chosen (the sagittal notation page doesn't seem to explain it, and nor do any of its internal or external links)}}
 
{{todo|inline=1|expand|research|comment=explain how, exactly, sagittal notation is used to name them (the sagittal notation page doesn't explain it, nor do any of its internal or external links)}}


== Johnston ==
== Johnston ==