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| <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
| | Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments. |
| This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
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| : This revision was by author [[User:tesiii|tesiii]] and made on <tt>2007-04-12 19:43:27 UTC</tt>.<br>
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| : The original revision id was <tt>3770897</tt>.<br>
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| : The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
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| The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
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| <h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
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| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">Information on how to get musical instruments to play microtonal music
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| * [[microguitar|Guitars]]
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| * Bowed Strings*
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| * Brass: [[http://www.microtonaltrumpet.com/|Trumpet]], [[microtonal horn|Horn]]
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| * Woodwinds: [[microrecorder|Recorders]], Udderbots...?^, Slide Whistles+
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| * [[http://www.microtonal-synthesis.com/|Synthesizers/Keyboards]]
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| | Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]. |
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| (I don't know how to make links, so somebody else do it.)
| | Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]]. |
| *Bowed string instruments (notably violin/viola/cello/bass) can easily and almost unlimitedly play microtonal music, and in fact are easier to retrofit due to the lack of frets. . Unfortunately, most trained players of the instruments are going to be finnicky about playing in any way other than the way they're used to, thanks to the pedagogy. There are two important tools in making microtonal string music work, scordatura and fingerboard marking.
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| 1. Scordatura: If you're going to be using the traditional notation system or a variant of it, specify that the strings be tuned to the scale system in question's versions of A, D G, etc. to give the players familiar notational home bases to work from. Try to make the scordatura somewhat distant from the correct pitches for maximum effect, however, because broken-in string instruments "ring" for the notes they play often (in 12), and the scordatura will have the effect of disorienting the string player's instinctual seeking of the resonance.
| | The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page. |
| 2. Fingerboard marking: Tapes are the most awesome (because they're color codable), but chalk works too. Players respond to them well because most of them learned to play with tapes in elementary school. Provide tape to the players, debunking any myths that it will affect the sound or damage the instrument. If it does leave some sticky residue, tell them to wipe it off and suck it up. If you don't trust your string players' ears, or the part is technically challenging, color coded tapes are plainly the easiest way to get it in tune fast.
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| ^Jacob, why haven't you included a guide to udderbot writing here?
| | == Winds == |
| | * [[Bassoon]] |
| | * [[Clarinet]] |
| | * [[Flugelhorn]] |
| | * [[Flute]] |
| | * [[Fretless saxophone]] |
| | * [[Harmonica]] |
| | * [[Horn]] |
| | * [[Infinitone]] |
| | * [[Recorder]] |
| | * [[Saxophone]] |
| | * [[Shakuhachi]] |
| | * [[Trombone]] |
| | * [[Trumpet]] |
| | * [[Tuba]] |
| | * [[Udderbot]] |
| | * [[Whistle]] |
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| +Slide whistles are available with at least 2.5 octave ranges. Procure one, and attach a dowel or ruler to the side of it in a way that does not interfere with the slide action. Marks or tapes may then be placed on the dowel, and the doubled back end of the slide can be moved using the tapes for guides. In order to see what you're playing, I recommend stretching a length of flexible plastic tube from the mouthpiece of the slide. Because the slide whistle has a recorder-like mouthpiece and it doesn't really matter whether your lips are on it or not as long as an airtight seal is formed, you can use this device to move your head wherever it's comfortable.</pre></div>
| | == Percussion == |
| <h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
| | * [[Bells]] |
| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>MicrotonalInstruments</title></head><body>Information on how to get musical instruments to play microtonal music<br />
| | * [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]] |
| <ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/microguitar">Guitars</a></li><li>Bowed Strings*</li><li>Brass: <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.microtonaltrumpet.com/" rel="nofollow">Trumpet</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20horn">Horn</a></li><li>Woodwinds: <a class="wiki_link" href="/microrecorder">Recorders</a>, Udderbots...?^, Slide Whistles+</li><li><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.microtonal-synthesis.com/" rel="nofollow">Synthesizers/Keyboards</a></li></ul><br />
| | * [[Daxophone]] |
| <br />
| | * [[Kalimba]] |
| (I don't know how to make links, so somebody else do it.)<br />
| | * [[Marimba]] |
| *Bowed string instruments (notably violin/viola/cello/bass) can easily and almost unlimitedly play microtonal music, and in fact are easier to retrofit due to the lack of frets. . Unfortunately, most trained players of the instruments are going to be finnicky about playing in any way other than the way they're used to, thanks to the pedagogy. There are two important tools in making microtonal string music work, scordatura and fingerboard marking.<br />
| | * [[Tubulong]] |
| <br />
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| 1. Scordatura: If you're going to be using the traditional notation system or a variant of it, specify that the strings be tuned to the scale system in question's versions of A, D G, etc. to give the players familiar notational home bases to work from. Try to make the scordatura somewhat distant from the correct pitches for maximum effect, however, because broken-in string instruments &quot;ring&quot; for the notes they play often (in 12), and the scordatura will have the effect of disorienting the string player's instinctual seeking of the resonance.<br />
| | == Keyboards == |
| 2. Fingerboard marking: Tapes are the most awesome (because they're color codable), but chalk works too. Players respond to them well because most of them learned to play with tapes in elementary school. Provide tape to the players, debunking any myths that it will affect the sound or damage the instrument. If it does leave some sticky residue, tell them to wipe it off and suck it up. If you don't trust your string players' ears, or the part is technically challenging, color coded tapes are plainly the easiest way to get it in tune fast.<br />
| | {{Main| Keyboard }} |
| <br />
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| ^Jacob, why haven't you included a guide to udderbot writing here?<br />
| | * [[Fluid piano]] |
| <br />
| | * [[Piano]] |
| +Slide whistles are available with at least 2.5 octave ranges. Procure one, and attach a dowel or ruler to the side of it in a way that does not interfere with the slide action. Marks or tapes may then be placed on the dowel, and the doubled back end of the slide can be moved using the tapes for guides. In order to see what you're playing, I recommend stretching a length of flexible plastic tube from the mouthpiece of the slide. Because the slide whistle has a recorder-like mouthpiece and it doesn't really matter whether your lips are on it or not as long as an airtight seal is formed, you can use this device to move your head wherever it's comfortable.</body></html></pre></div>
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| | == Strings == |
| | * [[Autoharp]] |
| | * [[Bowed strings]] |
| | * [[Electric bass]] |
| | * [[Guitar]] |
| | * [[Harp]] |
| | * [[Harpejji]] |
| | * [[Pedal steel guitar]] |
| | * [[Qanun]] |
| | * [[Ukulele]] |
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| | == See also == |
| | * [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]] |
| | * [[:Category:Instruments]] |
| | |
| | == Further reading == |
| | * Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments]. The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014. Volume Three, page 459. |
| | * [https://archive.org/details/emi_archive/ Experimental Musical Instruments] journal |
| | * Fletcher and Rossing, [https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~pbarfuss/The_Physics_of_Musical_Instruments.pdf The Physics of Musical Instruments]. Springer-Verlag, 1991 |
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| | [[Category:Instruments| ]] |
Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play microtonal music, ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in 12edo) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.
Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and guitar refretting. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments.
Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as bowed strings and trombones. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as string bending on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like trumpets and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the udderbot and the Infinitone.
The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page.
Winds
Percussion
Keyboards
Strings
See also
Further reading