Free style JI: Difference between revisions

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In '''Free Style JI''', pitches are not chosen from a fixed just scale, but
In '''Free Style JI''', pitches are not chosen from a fixed just scale, but instead determined by their ratio with the previous melody note or with a note in the current harmony.<ref name="polansky1987harrison"/>
instead determined by their ratio with the previous melody note or with a note
in the current harmony.<ref name="polansky1987harrison" />


== Definition ==
== Definition ==
 
Lou Harrison defines the Free Style in his Music Primer<ref name="harrison1970primer"/>:
Lou Harrison defines the Free Style in his Music Primer<ref name="harrison1970primer" />:


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
After only a brief study of intervals it becomes clear that there are two ways
After only a brief study of intervals it becomes clear that there are two ways of composing with them: 1) arranging them into a fixed mode, or gamut, & then composing within that structure. This is Strict Style, & is the vastly predominant world method. However, another way is possible — 2) to freely assemble, or compose with whatever intervals one feels that he needs as he goes along. This is Free Style, & I used this method first in my Simfony in Free Style. Lovely new devices & expressions are possible in this style…
of composing with them: 1) arranging them into a fixed mode, or gamut, & then
composing within that structure. This is Strict Style, & is the vastly
predominant world method. However, another way is possible — 2) to freely
assemble, or compose with whatever intervals one feels that he needs as he goes
along. This is Free Style, & I used this method first in my Simfony in Free
Style. Lovely new devices & expressions are possible in this style...
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


Lou Harrison's use of Strict and Free Style is discussed in <ref name="dalton2017freedom" />.
Lou Harrison's use of Strict and Free Style is discussed in <ref name="dalton2017freedom"/>.


== Music ==
== Music ==
Harrison composed three pieces in Free Style, the first being his 1955 ''Simfony in Free Style''. An [https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-simfony-in-free-style-premiere American Festival of Microtonal Music (AFMM) recording] is available online.


Harrison composed three pieces in Free Style, the first being his 1955 ''Simfony in Free Style''.
Harrison's second piece in Free Style is his 1963 ''At the Tomb of Charles Ives''. There is an [https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-at-the-tomb-of-charles-ives AFMM recording] as well as an excerpt of a [https://soundcloud.com/center-21stcentury-music/lou-harrison-at-the-tomb-iof-charles-ives performance by the Slee Sinfonietta].
An [https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-simfony-in-free-style-premiere American Festival of Microtonal Music (AFMM) recording]
is available online.
 
Harrison's second piece in Free Style is his 1963 ''At the Tomb of Charles Ives''. There is an
[https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-at-the-tomb-of-charles-ives AFMM recording] as well as an excerpt
of a [https://soundcloud.com/center-21stcentury-music/lou-harrison-at-the-tomb-iof-charles-ives performance by the Slee Sinfonietta].


The third piece is Harrison's 1974 ''A Phrase for Arion's Leap'', for which there is an
The third piece is Harrison's 1974 ''A Phrase for Arion's Leap'', for which there is an [https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-precision-piece-a-phrase-for-arions-leap-babin-tsuda-reinhard-yallech-2 AFMM recording]. Also see [https://eamusic.dartmouth.edu/~larry/scores/other_peoples_scores/lou_harrison/arions_leap_recopied.4.pdf Larry Polansky's transcription], which gives the stepwise intervals in the original score in bold and the absolute intervals below.
[https://johnnyreinhard.bandcamp.com/track/lou-harrison-precision-piece-a-phrase-for-arions-leap-babin-tsuda-reinhard-yallech-2 AFMM recording].
Also see [https://eamusic.dartmouth.edu/~larry/scores/other_peoples_scores/lou_harrison/arions_leap_recopied.4.pdf Larry Polansky's transcription],
which gives the stepwise intervals in the original score in bold and the absolute intervals below.


Larry Polansky's 1986 ''B’rey’sheet'', for singer and live interactive
Larry Polansky's 1986 ''B’rey’sheet'', for singer and live interactive computer, uses Free Style JI through a computer program written in
computer, uses Free Style JI through a computer program written in
[https://github.com/philburk/hmsl HMSL].<ref name="polansky2018words"/> There is a [https://newworldrecords.bandcamp.com/track/breysheet-in-the-beginning recording on Bandcamp].
[https://github.com/philburk/hmsl HMSL].<ref name="polansky2018words" />
There is a [https://newworldrecords.bandcamp.com/track/breysheet-in-the-beginning recording on Bandcamp].


James Tenney's 2006 string quartet ''Arbor Vitae'' makes algorithmic use of
James Tenney's 2006 string quartet ''Arbor Vitae'' makes algorithmic use of Free Style JI.<ref name="winter2008arbor" /> There is a
Free Style JI.<ref name="winter2008arbor" /> There is a
[https://collectionqb.bandcamp.com/album/arbor-vit recording by Quatuor Bozzini] on Bandcamp.
[https://collectionqb.bandcamp.com/album/arbor-vit recording by Quatuor Bozzini] on Bandcamp.


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== Notations ==
== Notations ==
Notations which are capable of notating the whole of free-JI:
Notations which are capable of notating the whole of free-JI:
* [[Rational Comma Notation (RCN)]]
* [[Rational Comma Notation (RCN)]]
* [[Color notation]]
* [[Color notation]]