Harp: Difference between revisions
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{{Wikipedia}} | {{Wikipedia}} | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Harps are instruments that have multiple strings perpendicular to the sound board, plucked by the player's hands. Each string corresponds to one pitch, which in the case of lever and {{W|pedal harp}}s, may be modified by the lever or pedal mechanism to get more than one pitch. In the case of the pedal harp, the strings are tuned to a diatonic scale, and depressing a pedal (of which one is available for each note of the diatonic scale), depressing a pedal rotates a set of discs with pins set to stop the corresponding strings (in all octaves) so as to raise their pitch by a chromatic semitone (including allowance for the resulting slight increase in string tension). The double-acting pedal harp extends this concept to have two sets of string-stopping discs, actuated by successive further depressions of the corresponding pedal, which can be locked at either of its depressed positions; the strings are tuned to all flats, and the first depressed position of a pedal raises the pitch of the strings to achieve the corresponding natural notes, while the second depressed position of the pedal raises the pitch further to achieve the corresponding sharp notes. The modern double-acting harp also has two lowest C and D strings and one highest G string to which this mechanism does not apply, so these strings are tuned to whichever pitches are required for the music being played. | Harps are instruments that have multiple strings perpendicular to the sound board, plucked by the player's hands. Each string corresponds to one pitch, which in the case of lever and {{W|pedal harp}}s, may be modified by the lever or pedal mechanism to get more than one pitch. In the case of the pedal harp, the strings are tuned to a diatonic scale, and depressing a pedal (of which one is available for each note of the diatonic scale), depressing a pedal rotates a set of discs with pins set to stop the corresponding strings (in all octaves) so as to raise their pitch by a chromatic semitone (including allowance for the resulting slight increase in string tension). The double-acting pedal harp extends this concept to have two sets of string-stopping discs, actuated by successive further depressions of the corresponding pedal, which can be locked at either of its depressed positions; the strings are tuned to all flats, and the first depressed position of a pedal raises the pitch of the strings to achieve the corresponding natural notes, while the second depressed position of the pedal raises the pitch further to achieve the corresponding sharp notes. The modern double-acting harp also has two lowest C and D strings and one highest G string to which this mechanism does not apply, so these strings are tuned to whichever pitches are required for the music being played. | ||
== The problem for microtonalists == | == The problem for microtonalists == | ||
Unfortunately, the above design in its standard implementation is wedded to [[12edo]] & | Unfortunately, the above design in its standard implementation is wedded to [[12edo]] — the value of the chromatic semitone is fixed, and a standard pedal harp has no provision for adjusting the position of the string stops, nor for partial action of the string stops attempting to move a pedal to an intermediate position does not produce an in-between note, but instead produces a buzz or a fearsome rattle (depending upon how hard the string was plucked) as the string hits the pins on the incompletely turned disc. The only microtonal tuning systems that can make efficient use of pedal harps to get in-between notes are multiples of 12edo, with multiple harps tuned to different rings of 12edo, as done by [[Ivan Wyschnegradsky]] with pianos. Although no recording is known of actual harp use in this way, [[Norokusi]] has written a composition in [[24edo]], rendered by soft synthesizers, that uses this technique (see below); in principle, it could be transcribed and then played on a full set of acoustic instruments, including two harps with the orchestra. Thus, microtonality on most harps (unless using multiple harps) is limited to whatever can be achieved by retuning the available 7 strings per octave. | ||
=== Demonstration === | === Demonstration of harp string buzz === | ||
; [https://www.youtube.com/@daniellekuntz/ Danielle Kuntz] | ; [https://www.youtube.com/@daniellekuntz/ Danielle Kuntz] | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/jjAOcndfwzM ''How to play pedal buzzes on the harp''] (2023) | * [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/jjAOcndfwzM ''How to play pedal buzzes on the harp''] (2023) | ||
=== | === Music === | ||
; [[Nick, The NRG]] (using one acoustic harp tuned to [[7-limit]] [[just intonation]]) | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5itQAT_Ns2c ''Microtonal Semi-improvisation on Harpsicle/Folk Harp!''] (2019) (the harp is tuned to 1/1, 9/8, 5/4, 4/3, 3/2, 14/9, 7/4) | |||
; [[Norokusi]] (using dual harps tuned apart by 1\24, rendered by soft synthesizer, but in principle playable on acoustic instruments) | |||
; [[ | * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJIKCXEah4Y ''Serenade for Harp and Strings''] (2021) | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= | ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxLgv0HEG-0 the above arranged for harp and orchestra] (2026) | ||
== A solution that does not yet exist == | == A solution that does not yet exist == | ||