Xenharmonic Wiki

Instruments: Difference between revisions

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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
{{Catrel|Instruments}}
This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
: This revision was by author [[User:keenanpepper|keenanpepper]] and made on <tt>2012-09-18 15:34:50 UTC</tt>.<br>
: The original revision id was <tt>365790090</tt>.<br>
: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
<h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings.


See also [[The Great Xenharmonic Fixed-Pitch Instrument Database]] .
Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.


* [[string instruments|Strings]]
Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]].
&gt; [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="string instruments"]]
* [[microtonal brass|Brass]]:
&gt; [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="microtonal brass"]]
* [[microtonal woodwinds|Woodwinds]]
&gt; [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="microtonal woodwinds"]]
* [[mallet percussion|Percussion]]
&gt; [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="Percussion"]]
* [[Microtonal Keyboards|Keyboards]]: &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Piano&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Harpsichord&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Organ&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Clavichord, but also Synthesizers&lt;/span&gt;
* [[Free Reeds]]:
&gt; [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="Free Reeds"]]
* Do-It-Yourself / Junkmusic: [[udderbot]], [[tubulong]], [[http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051|balloon flute]], [[http://daxo.de|daxophone]]
* [[Software]]


=Tuning-agnostic instruments=  
Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]].
 
The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page.
 
== String instruments ==
=== Plucked strings ===
* Fretted:
**[[Guitar]]
** [[Electric bass]]
**[[Pedal steel guitar]]
**[[Fun With Microtones|Ukulele]]
** Others: banjo, bouzuki, mandolin, balalaika, sitar, [[Wikipedia:Moodswinger|moodswinger]], etc.
* Fretless:
**[[Autoharp]]
** [[Electric bass|Fretless bass]]
** [[Qanun]]
** Others: oud, harp, zither (including kantele), hammer dulcimer, [[Wikipedia:Đàn bầu|đàn bầu]], etc.
* Keyboard plucked strings
** Harpsichord
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add information about harpsichords, including microtonal harpsichords.}}
 
=== Bowed strings ===
* Fretted:
** [[Bowed strings|Viol family and other bowed fretted strings]] (viola da gamba, some types of violone, baryton, arpeggione, GuitarViol, fretted violin, etc.)
* Fretless:
** [[Bowed strings|Violin family]] (violin, viola, cello, bass, some types of violone, etc.)
** Others: [[Wikipedia:Huqin|huqin]], etc.
 
== Wind instruments ==
=== Brass instruments ===
* [[Flugelhorn]]
* [[Horn]]
* [[Trumpet]]
* [[Trombone]]
* Others: tuba, digeridoo, alphorn, etc.
 
=== Woodwind instruments ===
* Reedless:
** [[Flute]]
** [[Recorder]]
** [[Shakuhachi]]
** [[Whistle]]
** Others: khaen, some very small organs, etc.
* Reed:
** [[Bassoon]]/contrabassoon
** Oboe
** English horn
** Heckelphone/Lupophone
** [[Clarinet]]
** [[Harmonica]]
** [[Saxophone]]
** [[Fretless saxophone]]
** Others: reed organ, regal, accordion, melodica, etc.
* Combination:
** Organ (usually has both flue and reed stops, and may also have percussion stops, especially in the case of theatre organs)
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add organ information page including microtonal organs.}}
 
=== Others ===
* [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 Balloon flute]{{dead link}}
* [[Infinitone]]
* [[Udderbot]]
 
== Percussion instruments ==
* Mallet keyboards:
** [[Marimba]]
** Others: vibraphone, xylophone, glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.
* Tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing, etc.
* Bells:
**[[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]]
** [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm Sound tower/sound cube]{{dead link}}
**[[Tubulong]]
** Others: carillon, amglocken, handbells, etc.
* Lamellophones:
** [[Kalimba (mbira)]], marimbula
* Friction idiophones:
** [[Daxophone]]
** Others: musical saw, wine glasses, nail violin, etc.
* Hammered dulcimers (including [[wikipedia:yangqin|yangqin]] and lavachord, the latter of which also belongs to keyboard instruments)
** Finger-hammered dulcimers: [[harpejji]].
* [[Keyboard]]s: piano, tangent piano (including [[fluid piano]]), organ (when equipped with percussion stops), clavichord (including the Clavinet and its derivatives).
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add clavichord information page including microtonal derivatives of the Clavinet.}}
 
== Electronic instruments ==
* [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]]
* Synthesizers:
** [[Lumatone]]
** [[SoMa Terra]]
** Others: see [[Keyboard#List of generalized keyboards]]
* [[Novation Launchpad]]
* [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]]
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]]
* Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:
** [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric|&ldquo;Microtonal Fabric&rdquo; family]]
** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]{{dead link}}
 
== Tuning-agnostic instruments ==
These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:
These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:
*[[Daxophone]]
* Fretless string instruments
* Fretless string instruments
** Fretless bass
** Fretless bass
** Fretless guitar
** Fretless guitar
** Oud
** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
** Oud
* Musical saw
* String instruments with one pitch per string
** Hammered dulcimer (when provided with on-the-fly adjustable tuning mechanism, such as fluid dulcimer or the more modern versions of [[Wikipedia:Yangqin|Yangqin]])
* [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]]
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]]
* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
** Trombone
** Trombone
** Udderbot
** [[Fretless saxophone]]
* Musical saw
** [[Infinitone]]
* Theremin</pre></div>
** [[Udderbot]]
<h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
 
<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;MicrotonalInstruments&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings.&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]
See also &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/The%20Great%20Xenharmonic%20Fixed-Pitch%20Instrument%20Database"&gt;The Great Xenharmonic Fixed-Pitch Instrument Database&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;
== Further reading ==
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/string%20instruments"&gt;Strings&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments], The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:00:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;amp;h=100&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;string instruments&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Include page: component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;string instruments&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;fretted: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/microguitar"&gt;guitars&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microbass"&gt;bass&lt;/a&gt;, banjo, mandolin, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/Fun%20With%20Microtones"&gt;ukulele&lt;/a&gt;, balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;(unfretted) &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/MicrotonalBowedStrings"&gt;violin etc.&lt;/a&gt;, oud, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/qanun"&gt;qanun&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microbass"&gt;fretless bass&lt;/a&gt;, harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/autoharp"&gt;autoharp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/moodswinger"&gt;moodswinger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"&gt;Home Made Canon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://bp.b0b.com/2012/11/sierra-pedal-steel/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"&gt;pedal steel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://chrisvaisvil.com/diy-temporary-cable-tie-guitar-frets-version-2/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"&gt;Cable Tie Frets&lt;/a&gt; - instruction and examples on using cable ties as frets on a defretted guitar&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:00 --&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20brass"&gt;Brass&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:01:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;amp;h=100&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;microtonal brass&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Include page: component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;microtonal brass&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/microtonal%20trumpet"&gt;Trumpet&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/microtonal%20horn"&gt;Horn&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/microtrombone"&gt;Trombone&lt;/a&gt; (duh!), &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/microtonal%20tuba"&gt;Tuba&lt;/a&gt;, digeridoo, alphorn&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://bwhisperer.com/index" rel="nofollow"&gt;bwhisperer.com&lt;/a&gt; JI-oriented website, &amp;quot;The Brass Whisperer's main aim is to play with subtle music tunings and coax brass players (and other musicians) into achieving delicious harmonies.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:01 --&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20woodwinds"&gt;Woodwinds&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Instruments| ]] <!-- main article -->
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:02:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;amp;h=100&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;microtonal woodwinds&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Include page: component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;microtonal woodwinds&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Reedless Instruments: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Flutes"&gt;Flutes&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microrecorder"&gt;Recorders&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Whistles"&gt;Whistles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Reed Instruments: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Bassoons"&gt;Bassoons&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20clarinet"&gt;Clarinets&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Saxophones"&gt;Saxophones&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Oboes"&gt;Oboes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:02 --&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/mallet%20percussion"&gt;Percussion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:03:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;amp;h=100&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;Percussion&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Include page: component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;Percussion&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/mallet%20percussion"&gt;mallet keyboards&lt;/a&gt;: vibraphone, xylophone, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/marimba"&gt;marimba&lt;/a&gt;, glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;bells: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/carillon"&gt;carillon&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/Conic%20Bellophone%20in%2096edo"&gt;conic bellophone&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/tubulong"&gt;tubulong&lt;/a&gt;, amglocken, handbells, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/zoomoozophone"&gt;zoomoozophone&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;sound tower/sound cube&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;lamellophones: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/kalimba%20%28mbira%29"&gt;kalimba (mbira)&lt;/a&gt;, marimbula&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;friction idiophones: musical saw, wine glasses, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/nail%20violin"&gt;nail violin&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Daxophone"&gt;Daxophone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:03 --&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Microtonal%20Keyboards"&gt;Keyboards&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Piano&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Harpsichord&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Organ&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="wiki_link_new"&gt;Clavichord, but also Synthesizers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Free%20Reeds"&gt;Free Reeds&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:04:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;amp;h=100&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;Free Reeds&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Include page: component=&amp;amp;quot;page&amp;amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;amp;quot; page=&amp;amp;quot;Free Reeds&amp;amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Harmonica"&gt;Harmonica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Reed Organs, Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:04 --&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Do-It-Yourself / Junkmusic: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/udderbot"&gt;udderbot&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/tubulong"&gt;tubulong&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051" rel="nofollow"&gt;balloon flute&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://daxo.de" rel="nofollow"&gt;daxophone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Software"&gt;Software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:5:&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h1 id="toc0"&gt;&lt;a name="Tuning-agnostic instruments"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:5 --&gt;Tuning-agnostic instruments&lt;/h1&gt;
These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Fretless string instruments&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Fretless bass&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Fretless guitar&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Oud&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Trombone&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Udderbot&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Musical saw&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Theremin&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</pre></div>
Retrieved from "https://en.xen.wiki/w/Instruments"