Instruments: Difference between revisions

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~~Information on how to get~~ musical instruments to play music in ~~a variety of tunings~~.

Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.

~~See~~ also [[~~The Great Xenharmonic Fixed~~-~~Pitch Instrument Database~~]].

Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]].

* [[string_instruments|Strings]]

Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]].

** fretted: [[microguitar|guitars]], [[microbass|bass]], banjo, mandolin, [[Fun With Microtones|ukulele]], balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.

** (unfretted) [[MicrotonalBowedStrings|violin etc.]], oud, [[qanun]], [[microbass|fretless bass]], harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau

** [[autoharp]]

** [[moodswinger]]

** [http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789 Home Made Canon]

** [http://bp.b0b.com/2012/11/sierra-pedal-steel/ pedal steel]

** [http://chrisvaisvil.com/diy-temporary-cable-tie-guitar-frets-version-2/ Cable Tie Frets] - instruction and examples on using cable ties as frets on a ~~defretted guitar~~

* [[microtonal brass|Brass]]:

** [[microtonal trumpet|Trumpet]], ~~[[microtonal_horn|Horn]], [[microtrombone|Trombone]] (duh!), [[microtonal tuba|Tuba]], digeridoo, alphorn~~

** [https://www.thebrasswhisperer.com https://www.TheBassWhisperer.com] JI-oriented website, "The Brass Whisperer's main aim is to ~~play with subtle music tunings~~ and ~~coax brass players (and other musicians) into achieving delicious harmonies~~."

* [[microtonal woodwinds|Woodwinds]]

** Reedless Instruments: [[Flutes]], [[microrecorder|Recorders]], [[Whistles]]

** Reed Instruments: [[Bassoons]], [[microtonal clarinet|Clarinets]], [[Saxophones]], [[Oboes]]

* [[mallet percussion|Percussion]]

** [[mallet percussion|mallet keyboards]]: vibraphone, xylophone, [[marimba]], glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.

** tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing

** bells: [[carillon]], [[Conic Bellophone in ~~96edo|conic bellophone]]~~, [[~~tubulong~~]]~~, amglocken, handbells,~~ [[~~zoomoozophone~~]]~~, [http://www~~.~~ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm sound tower/sound cube]~~

** lamellophones: [[kalimba (mbira)]], ~~marimbula~~

** friction idiophones: musical saw, ~~wine glasses, [[nail violin|nail violin]], [[Daxophone]]~~

* [[Microtonal_Keyboards|Keyboards]]: Piano, Harpsichord, Organ, Clavichord, but also Synthesizers

* Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:

** [[~~User~~:~~SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric~~|~~“Microtonal Fabric” family~~]]

** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on ~~facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24~~ on ~~Encyclotronic]~~

* [[~~Free Reeds~~]]:

** [[Harmonica]]

** Reed Organs, ~~Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc.~~

* Others: [[udderbot]], [[~~tubulong~~]]~~, [http://launch.groups~~.~~yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 balloon flute]~~

* [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]]

~~== Tuning~~-~~agnostic~~ instruments ==

The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page.

~~These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:~~

== Winds ==

* [[Bassoon]]

* [[Clarinet]]

* [[Flugelhorn]]

* [[Flute]]

* [[Fretless saxophone]]

* [[Harmonica]]

* [[Horn]]

* [[Infinitone]]

* [[Recorder]]

* [[Saxophone]]

* [[Shakuhachi]]

* [[Trombone]]

* [[Trumpet]]

* [[Tuba]]

* [[Udderbot]]

* [[Whistle]]

* Fretless string instruments

== Percussion ==

** Fretless bass

* [[Bells]]

** Fretless guitar

* [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]]

** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)

** Oud

* String instruments with one pitch per string

** Hammered dulcimer

* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control

** Trombone

** [[~~Udderbot~~]]

* Musical saw

* [[Daxophone]]

* [~~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theremin Theremin (originally named Termenvox)~~]

* [[Kalimba]]

* [[Marimba]]

* [[Tubulong]]

[[Category:Instruments| ]] ~~~~

== Keyboards ==

[[~~Category~~:~~Practice~~]]

[[Category:~~Todo:expand~~]]

* [[Fluid piano]]

* [[Piano]]

== Strings ==

* [[Autoharp]]

* [[Bowed strings]]

* [[Electric bass]]

* [[Guitar]]

* [[Harp]]

* [[Harpejji]]

* [[Pedal steel guitar]]

* [[Qanun]]

* [[Ukulele]]

== See also ==

* [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]

* [[:Category:Instruments]]

== Further reading ==

* Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments]. The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014. Volume Three, page 459.

* [https://archive.org/details/emi_archive/ Experimental Musical Instruments] journal

* Fletcher and Rossing, [https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~pbarfuss/The_Physics_of_Musical_Instruments.pdf The Physics of Musical Instruments]. Springer-Verlag, 1991

[[Category:Instruments| ]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings.
+Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.
-See also [[The Great Xenharmonic Fixed-Pitch Instrument Database]].
+Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]].
-* [[string_instruments|Strings]]
+Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]].
-** fretted: [[microguitar|guitars]], [[microbass|bass]], banjo, mandolin, [[Fun With Microtones|ukulele]], balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.
-** (unfretted) [[MicrotonalBowedStrings|violin etc.]], oud, [[qanun]], [[microbass|fretless bass]], harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau
-** [[autoharp]]
-** [[moodswinger]]
-** [http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789 Home Made Canon]
-** [http://bp.b0b.com/2012/11/sierra-pedal-steel/ pedal steel]
-** [http://chrisvaisvil.com/diy-temporary-cable-tie-guitar-frets-version-2/ Cable Tie Frets] - instruction and examples on using cable ties as frets on a defretted guitar
-* [[microtonal brass|Brass]]:
-** [[microtonal trumpet|Trumpet]], [[microtonal_horn|Horn]], [[microtrombone|Trombone]] (duh!), [[microtonal tuba|Tuba]], digeridoo, alphorn
-** [https://www.thebrasswhisperer.com https://www.TheBassWhisperer.com] JI-oriented website, "The Brass Whisperer's main aim is to play with subtle music tunings and coax brass players (and other musicians) into achieving delicious harmonies."
-* [[microtonal woodwinds|Woodwinds]]
-** Reedless Instruments: [[Flutes]], [[microrecorder|Recorders]], [[Whistles]]
-** Reed Instruments: [[Bassoons]], [[microtonal clarinet|Clarinets]], [[Saxophones]], [[Oboes]]
-* [[mallet percussion|Percussion]]
-** [[mallet percussion|mallet keyboards]]: vibraphone, xylophone, [[marimba]], glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.
-** tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing
-** bells: [[carillon]], [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|conic bellophone]], [[tubulong]], amglocken, handbells, [[zoomoozophone]], [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm sound tower/sound cube]
-** lamellophones: [[kalimba (mbira)]], marimbula
-** friction idiophones: musical saw, wine glasses, [[nail violin|nail violin]], [[Daxophone]]
-* [[Microtonal_Keyboards|Keyboards]]: Piano, Harpsichord, Organ, Clavichord, but also Synthesizers
-* Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:
-** [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric|&ldquo;Microtonal Fabric&rdquo; family]]
-** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]
-* [[Free Reeds]]:
-** [[Harmonica]]
-** Reed Organs, Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc.
-* Others: [[udderbot]], [[tubulong]], [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 balloon flute]
-* [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]]
-== Tuning-agnostic instruments ==
+The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page.
-These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:
+== Winds ==
+* [[Bassoon]]
+* [[Clarinet]]
+* [[Flugelhorn]]
+* [[Flute]]
+* [[Fretless saxophone]]
+* [[Harmonica]]
+* [[Horn]]
+* [[Infinitone]]
+* [[Recorder]]
+* [[Saxophone]]
+* [[Shakuhachi]]
+* [[Trombone]]
+* [[Trumpet]]
+* [[Tuba]]
+* [[Udderbot]]
+* [[Whistle]]
-* Fretless string instruments
+== Percussion ==
-** Fretless bass
+* [[Bells]]
-** Fretless guitar
+* [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]]
-** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
-** Oud
-* String instruments with one pitch per string
-** Hammered dulcimer
-* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
-** Trombone
-** [[Udderbot]]
-* Musical saw
 * [[Daxophone]]
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theremin Theremin (originally named Termenvox)]
+* [[Kalimba]]
+* [[Marimba]]
+* [[Tubulong]]
-[[Category:Instruments| ]] <!-- main article -->
+== Keyboards ==
-[[Category:Practice]]
+{{Main| Keyboard }}
-[[Category:Todo:expand]]
+* [[Fluid piano]]
+* [[Piano]]
+== Strings ==
+* [[Autoharp]]
+* [[Bowed strings]]
+* [[Electric bass]]
+* [[Guitar]]
+* [[Harp]]
+* [[Harpejji]]
+* [[Pedal steel guitar]]
+* [[Qanun]]
+* [[Ukulele]]
+== See also ==
+* [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]
+* [[:Category:Instruments]]
+== Further reading ==
+* Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments]. The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014. Volume Three, page 459.
+* [https://archive.org/details/emi_archive/ Experimental Musical Instruments] journal
+* Fletcher and Rossing, [https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~pbarfuss/The_Physics_of_Musical_Instruments.pdf The Physics of Musical Instruments]. Springer-Verlag, 1991
+[[Category:Instruments| ]]