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| <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2> | | <span style="display: block; text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">[[調律方法|日本語]]</span> |
| This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
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| : This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2017-12-23 15:27:01 UTC</tt>.<br>
| | </span> |
| : The original revision id was <tt>624205461</tt>.<br>
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| : The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
| | <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Below is a partial list of currently-established theories and approaches related to tuning.</span> |
| The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
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| <h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
| | <ul><li>[[JustIntonation|Just Intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the harmonic series, integer frequency ratios, tonality diamonds, eikosany, Fokker blocks etc.</li><li>[[Generalized_overtone_tuning|Generalized overtone tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.</li><li>[[Equal_Temperaments|Equal tuning]]: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals.</li><li>[[Historical_Western_Temperaments|Historical Western Temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[Meantone|meantone tunings]] and [[Circulating_Temperaments|circulating temperaments]] in Western common practice music.</li><li>Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures<ul><li>[[Arabic,_Turkish,_Persian|Arabic, Turkish, Persian]]</li><li>[[Indian|Indian]] (North, South)</li><li>[[African|African]]</li><li>Thai</li><li>[[Pre-Columbian_South_American_Music|Pre-Columbian South American]] (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec..)</li><li>[[Indonesian|Indonesian]] (Java, Bali)</li><li>Ancient Greek, [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale Byzantine]</li><li>[[Georgian|Georgian]]</li></ul></li><li>[[Regular_Temperaments|Regular Temperaments]]: (including Linear Temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which Just Intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires</li><li>[[MOSScales|Moment of Symmetry]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.</li><li>[[Empirical|Empirical]]: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.</li><li>[[tetrachord|Tetrachordal Scales]]: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.</li><li>[[isoharmonic_chords|Isoharmonic chords/scales]]</li><li>[[Pretty_Pictures|Pretty Pictures]] that represent scales in one way or another</li><li>[[Notation|Notation]] (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)<ul><li>[[Nominal-Accidental_Chains|Nominal-Accidental Chains]] A common approach to notation</li></ul></li><li>the notion of a [[Scalesmith|Scalesmith]] who ''builds'' scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions<ul><li>Mathematically based scales</li><li>Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)</li><li>Scale transformation and stretching</li><li>Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales</li></ul></li></ul> [[Category:overview]] |
| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><span style="display: block; text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">[[調律方法|日本語]]</span>
| | [[Category:practice]] |
| </span>
| | [[Category:theory]] |
| <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Below is a partial list of currently-established theories and approaches related to tuning.</span>
| | [[Category:tuning]] |
| * [[JustIntonation|Just Intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the harmonic series, integer frequency ratios, tonality diamonds, eikosany, Fokker blocks etc.
| |
| * [[Generalized overtone tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.
| |
| * [[xenharmonic/Equal Temperaments|Equal tuning]]: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals.
| |
| * [[Historical Western Temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[xenharmonic/Meantone|meantone tunings]] and [[circulating temperaments]] in Western common practice music.
| |
| * Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures
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| ** [[Arabic, Turkish, Persian]]
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| ** [[Indian]] (North, South)
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| ** [[African]]
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| ** Thai
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| ** [[Pre-Columbian South American Music|Pre-Columbian South American]] (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec..)
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| ** [[Indonesian]] (Java, Bali)
| |
| ** Ancient Greek, [[http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale|Byzantine]]
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| ** [[Georgian]]
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| * [[Regular Temperaments]]: (including Linear Temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which Just Intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires
| |
| * [[MOSScales|Moment of Symmetry]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.
| |
| * [[Empirical]]: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.
| |
| * [[tetrachord|Tetrachordal Scales]]: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.
| |
| * [[isoharmonic chords|Isoharmonic chords/scales]]
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| * [[Pretty Pictures]] that represent scales in one way or another
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| * [[Notation]] (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)
| |
| ** [[Nominal-Accidental Chains]] A common approach to notation
| |
| * the notion of a [[Scalesmith]] who //builds// scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions
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| ** Mathematically based scales
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| ** Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)
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| ** Scale transformation and stretching
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| ** Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales</pre></div>
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| <h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
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| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>Approaches to Musical Tuning</title></head><body><span style="display: block; text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><a class="wiki_link" href="/%E8%AA%BF%E5%BE%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95">日本語</a></span><br /> | |
| </span><br />
| |
| <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Below is a partial list of currently-established theories and approaches related to tuning.</span><br />
| |
| <ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/JustIntonation">Just Intonation</a>: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the harmonic series, integer frequency ratios, tonality diamonds, eikosany, Fokker blocks etc.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Generalized%20overtone%20tuning">Generalized overtone tuning</a>: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/Equal%20Temperaments">Equal tuning</a>: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Historical%20Western%20Temperaments">Historical Western Temperaments</a>: The (somewhat forgotten) use of <a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonic.wikispaces.com/Meantone">meantone tunings</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/circulating%20temperaments">circulating temperaments</a> in Western common practice music.</li><li>Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures<ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Arabic%2C%20Turkish%2C%20Persian">Arabic, Turkish, Persian</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Indian">Indian</a> (North, South)</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/African">African</a></li><li>Thai</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Pre-Columbian%20South%20American%20Music">Pre-Columbian South American</a> (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec..)</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Indonesian">Indonesian</a> (Java, Bali)</li><li>Ancient Greek, <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale" rel="nofollow">Byzantine</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Georgian">Georgian</a></li></ul></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Regular%20Temperaments">Regular Temperaments</a>: (including Linear Temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which Just Intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/MOSScales">Moment of Symmetry</a>: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Empirical">Empirical</a>: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/tetrachord">Tetrachordal Scales</a>: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/isoharmonic%20chords">Isoharmonic chords/scales</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Pretty%20Pictures">Pretty Pictures</a> that represent scales in one way or another</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Notation">Notation</a> (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)<ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Nominal-Accidental%20Chains">Nominal-Accidental Chains</a> A common approach to notation</li></ul></li><li>the notion of a <a class="wiki_link" href="/Scalesmith">Scalesmith</a> who <em>builds</em> scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions<ul><li>Mathematically based scales</li><li>Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)</li><li>Scale transformation and stretching</li><li>Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales</li></ul></li></ul></body></html></pre></div>
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日本語
Below is a partial list of currently-established theories and approaches related to tuning.
- Just Intonation: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the harmonic series, integer frequency ratios, tonality diamonds, eikosany, Fokker blocks etc.
- Generalized overtone tuning: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.
- Equal tuning: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals.
- Historical Western Temperaments: The (somewhat forgotten) use of meantone tunings and circulating temperaments in Western common practice music.
- Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures
- Regular Temperaments: (including Linear Temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which Just Intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires
- Moment of Symmetry: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.
- Empirical: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.
- Tetrachordal Scales: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.
- Isoharmonic chords/scales
- Pretty Pictures that represent scales in one way or another
- Notation (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)
- the notion of a Scalesmith who builds scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions
- Mathematically based scales
- Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)
- Scale transformation and stretching
- Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales