Small comma: Difference between revisions

A '''comma''' is a small interval that occurs in [[just intonation]], between two intervals which are close in pitch. Commas are always greater than 1 (0 [[cent]]s) and not a power such as a square or cube of any other interval, and generally in a [[Harmonic Limit|low prime limit]]. The word is often used in reference to [[Regular Temperaments|regular tempering]] when the comma is ''[[tempering_out|tempered out]]'', which is to say reduced to a unison, by the temperament, thereby equating the intervals separated by that comma. For example the Syntonic or Didymus comma of 81/80, which occurs between [[10/9]] and [[9/8]], as well as [[81/64]] and [[5/4]], is tempered out by [[Meantone|meantone temperament]]. Commas are usually written as ratios, but they can also be written as monzos. The following lists mostly give both forms, as well as the size in [[cent]]s. The [[Color notation|color name]] refers to both the comma and the temperament created when it is tempered out, except for 3-limit commas, which create edos.

For commas over 100 cents in size, see [[Large commas]]; and for commas under 3.5 cents in size, see [[Unnoticeable commas]]

Due to the wide range of sizes, cents values here and on the other commas pages are listed to 5 significant digits, instead of to a fixed number of decimal places as is the [[conventions|convention]] elsewhere on the wiki.

! colspan="2" |[[Kite's color notation|Color Name]]

| limma, Pythagorean minor second

| small wa 2nd

| sw2

| [[256/243|256 / 243]]

| {{Monzo| 8 -5 }}

| 90.225

| wa comma

| [[17-comma]]

| [[29-comma]]

| s⁴w4

|-

| [[41-comma]]

| wa-41 comma

| s⁶w5

| [[Mercator's comma]], 53-comma

| wa-53 comma

| L⁸w-6

| 19383245667680019896796723 /<br>19342813113834066795298816

| {{Monzo| -84 53 }}

| 3.6150

| 70-comma

| wa-70 comma

| s¹⁰w8

| 77-comma

| wa-77 comma

| L¹¹w-8

| 200-comma, Pythagorean integer cents comma <!-- the meaning of "integer cents" is ambiguous, because this comma is both near an integer in cents and involves integer cent fifths (702 cents), causing that term to be inconsistently used for one or the other -->

| wa-200 comma

| w-200

! colspan="2" |[[Kite's color notation|Color Name]]

| [[135/128|135 / 128]]

| bohpier, [[13edt]] comma

| [[25/24|25 / 24]]

| superpyth, grave minor second

| small diesis, [[magic comma]]

| laquinyo

| Ly⁵-2

| minimal diesis, [[tetracot comma]]

| saquadyo

| sy⁴1

| quanic comma

| sepsa-quinyo

| s⁷y⁵5

| roda

| sasa-triyo

| ssy³2

| [[Trisedodge family|trisedodge comma]]

| saquintrigu

| sg¹⁵4

| maja

| saseyo

| sy¹⁷-3

| syntonic / Didymos / meantone comma

| gu

| [[81/80|81 / 80]]

| [[Maquila family|maquila comma]]

| trisa-segu

| s³g¹⁷6

| [[diaschisma]]

| sagugu

| ditonma

| lala-theyo

| LLy¹³-4

| [[misty comma]]

| sasa-trigu

| ssg³3

| [[Pental family|pental comma]]

| trila-quingu

| L³g⁵-2

| undim comma

| trisa-quadgu

| s³g⁴4

| [[graviton]], [[Gravity family|gravity]] comma

| lala-tribigu

| LLg⁶1

| majvam

| sasa-lebigu

| ssg²²6

| quartonic

| saleyo

| sy¹¹-2

| medium semicomma, [[sensipent comma]]

| sepgu

| g⁷2

| saquadbigu

| sg⁸3

| [[semicomma]], Fokker comma

| lasepyo

| Ly⁷-3

| [[escapade comma]]

| sasa-tritrigu

| ssg⁹4

| [[kleisma]], semicomma majeur

| tribiyo

| y⁶-2

| [[Qintosec family|qintosec comma]]

| quadsa-quinbigu

| s⁴g¹⁰5

| unidecma

| laquadtrigu

| Lg¹²2

| [[mutt comma]]

| trila-septriyo

| L³y²¹-6

| [[amity comma]]

| saquinyo

| sy⁵1

| [[parakleisma]]

| thegu

| g¹³3

| gammic comma

| laquinquadyo

| Ly²⁰-5

| 34-3/5-comma

| sebiyo

| y³⁴3

| {{Monzo| -25 -34 34 }}

| 68.196

|

|

| 53-15-comma

| 54-15-comma

|

| {{Monzo| 211 -54 -54 }}

|-

| 59-5-comma

| {{Monzo| 137 0 -59 }}

| 7.4909

| 76-15-comma

| {{Monzo| 297 -76 -76 }}

| 91.578

! colspan="2" | [[Kite's color notation|Color Name]]

| minor semitone

| zogu

| zg2

| 21 / 20

| {{Monzo| -2 1 -1 1 }}

| 84.467

| laruru negative 2nd

| laruru

| Lrr-2

| 6561 / 6272

| {{Monzo| -7 8 0 -2 }}

| 77.988

| bapbo

| rurugu

| rrg1

| 256 / 245

| {{Monzo| 8 0 -1 -2 }}

| 76.034

| Archytas' 1/3-tone

| zo

| z2

| 28 / 27

| {{Monzo| 2 -3 0 1 }}

| 62.961

| greenwoodma

| ruruyo

| rry-2

| 405 / 392

| {{Monzo| -3 4 1 -2 }}

| 56.482

| Harrison's comma

| laru

| Lr-2

| [[59049/57344|59049 / 57344]]

| {{Monzo| -13 10 0 -1 }}

| 50.724

| keega

| trizogu

| z³g³3

| 1029 / 1000

| {{Monzo| -3 1 -3 3 }}

| 49.492

| septimal quarter tone

| rugu

| rg1

| [[36/35|36 / 35]]

| {{Monzo| 2 2 -1 -1 }}

| 48.770

| 5-21-comma

| saquinru

| sr⁵-2

| 4194304 / 4084101

| {{Monzo| 22 -5 0 -5 }}

| 46.095

| cloudy

| laquinzo

| Lz⁵3

| 16807 / 16384

| {{Monzo| -14 0 0 5 }}

| 44.130

| Avicenna, Avicenna's enharmonic diesis

| lazoyoyo

| Lzyy1

| 525 / 512

| {{Monzo| -9 1 2 1 }}

| 43.408

| [[64/63|64 / 63]]

| {{Monzo| 6 -2 0 -1 }}

|-

| lasepru'aquadbiyo

| Lr⁷y⁸-6

| squalentine

| laquadzo'atrigu

| Lz⁴g³3

| keema

| zotriyo

| zy³1

| gariboh

| triru'aquinyo

| r³y⁵-3

| nuwell

| quadru'ayo

| r⁴y-3

| tolerma

| sazoyoyo

| mirwomo