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WORK IN PROGRESS
{{Mbox|type=notice|text=WORK IN PROGRESS}}
{{Distinguish|Uniform solfege}}


'''Universal solfege'''{{idiosyncratic}} was invented by [[User:Nick Vuci|Nick Vuci]]. It builds on [[Margo Schulter]]'s [https://www.bestii.com/~mschulter/IntervalSpectrumRegions.txt "Regions of the Interval Spectrum"] to create a systematic solfege which can be applied to a variety of microtonal scales.


Universal Solfege was invented by Nick Vuci. It builds on the work of Margo Schulter to create a systematic solfege which can be applied to a variety of microtonal scales.  
The principle is that we can divide the interval spectrum into discrete areas which can then be used to take subsets for most microtonal scales we can imagine (although it works best with scales that have around 5-9 notes). It's not an exhaustive solution but a practical and practicible one.


While the chart gives solfege syllables for 59 distinct intervals, the entire gamut is not meant to be used in one instance. Instead it is meant to be used via selection of a subset relevant to a main scale.


The principle is that we can divide the interval spectrum into discreet areas which can then be used to take subsets for most microtonal scales we can imagine. It's not an exhaustive solution but a practical and practicible one.  
When using MOS, the system can be used in conjunction with "hexachords" to create a microtonal "hexachordal solfeggio." (Of course, "hexachord" is the common term but here it is insufficient since the set may contain more or less than 6 notes depending on the MOS.)


When we look at the spectrum of the octave we find that we have a few main interval classes, which we denote with consonants that are evocative and distinct to the names of the interval classes:
Finally, to quote Schulter:


The Unison and the Octave, which we denote with "A"
<blockquote>A main caution is that the borders are inevitably "fuzzy," so that one region shades into another and suggested values in cents are more illustrative than definitive.<ref>https://www.bestii.com/~mschulter/IntervalSpectrumRegions.txt</ref></blockquote>


The Seconds, which we denote with "S-"
This means that ultimately you should define the intervals as you hear them and as they function to you, not necessarily as they strictly fall on this chart. If a scale contains an interval that is 259 cents, but you hear it as a minor third in context, then give it the solfege syllable of a minor third instead of a semifourth.


The Thirds, which we denote with "Th-"
Furthermore, if desired the middle range of each category (distinguished in bold) may be used primarily if finer subdivisions aren't required for a scale.


The Fourths, which we denote with "Fo-"
== Full gamut ==
 
A chart below lays things out:
The Tritones, which we denote with "Trai-"
 
The Fifths, which we denote with "Fi-"
 
The Sixths, which we denote with "X-"
 
The Sevenths, which we denote with "V-"
 
Of these, the seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths have major, neutral, and minor versions, which we can denote with the vowels "ay" "oo" and "ai" (mimicking the distinct vowels of the words "major" "neutral" and "minor").
 
All of the main categories have small medium and large versions, which we can denote with the consonant affixes "s" "m" and "l"
 
 
The further, more esoteric categories do not have major, minor, neutral, large, medium, or small versions. They are:
 
Commatic ranges, which we denote with "O" and "Co"
 
The dieses range, which we denote with "Ee" and "Dee"
 
The Superfourth range, "Foo"
 
The Subfifth range, "Fu"
 
The two equable heptatonic ranges, "Ha" and Hoo"  
 
The four interseptimal ranges, which may be further broken down into
 
two categories:
 
The two interseptimals which touch perfect intervals, denoted as Na Noo
 
The two which do not, Ni Nee
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Interval
!Interval
Line 78: Line 49:
|i
|i
|-
|-
| rowspan="13" |Second
| rowspan="10" |Second
| rowspan="4" |Minor
| rowspan="3" |Minor
|
|60-125
|Sai
|saɪ
|-
|Small
|Small
|60-80
|60-80
Line 90: Line 56:
|saɪs
|saɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|80-100
|'''80-100'''
|Saim
|'''Sai'''
|saɪm
|'''saɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|100-125
|100-125
|Sail
|Sail
|saɪ
|saɪl
|-
| rowspan="4" |Neutral
|
|125-170
|Soo
|su
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Neutral
|Small
|Small
|125-135
|125-135
Line 111: Line 72:
|sus
|sus
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|135-160
|'''135-160'''
|Soom
|'''Soo'''
|sum
|'''su'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 124: Line 85:
|160-182
|160-182
|Ha
|Ha
|a
|ha
|-
| rowspan="4" |Major
|
|180-240
|Say
|seɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Major
|Small
|Small
|180-200
|180-200
Line 137: Line 93:
|seɪs
|seɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|200-220
|'''200-220'''
|Saym
|'''Say'''
|seɪm
|'''seɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 147: Line 103:
|seɪl
|seɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Interseptimal (Maj2-min3)     
| colspan="3" |Semifourth (Interseptimal Maj2-min3)     
|240-260
|240-260
|Ni
|Fe
|nɪ
|fɛ
|-
| rowspan="12" |Thirds
| rowspan="4" |Minor
|
|260-330
|Thai
|θaɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="9" |Thirds
| rowspan="3" |Minor
|Small
|Small
|260-280
|260-280
Line 164: Line 115:
|θaɪs
|θaɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|280-300
|'''280-300'''
|Thaim
|'''Thai'''
|θaɪm
|'''θaɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 174: Line 125:
|θaɪl
|θaɪl
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Neutral
| rowspan="3" |Neutral
|
|330-372
|Thoo
|θu
|-
|Small
|Small
|330-342
|330-342
Line 185: Line 131:
|θus
|θus
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|342-360
|'''342-360'''
|Thoom
|'''Thoo'''
|θum
|'''θu'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 195: Line 141:
|θul
|θul
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Major
| rowspan="3" |Major
|
|372-440
|Thay
|θeɪ
|-
|Small
|Small
|372-400
|372-400
Line 206: Line 147:
|θeɪs
|θeɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|400-423
|'''400-423'''
|Thaym
|'''Thay'''
|θeɪm
|'''θeɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 216: Line 157:
|θeɪl
|θeɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Interseptimal (Maj3-4)
| colspan="3" |Semisixth (Interseptimal Maj3-4)
|440-468
|440-468
|Na
|Ke
|a
|kɛ
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Fourths
|
|468-528
|Fo
|fɔ
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Fourths
|Small
|Small
|468-491
|468-491
Line 232: Line 168:
|fɔs
|fɔs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|491-505
|'''491-505'''
|Fom
|'''Fo'''
|fɔm
|'''fɔ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 245: Line 181:
|528-560
|528-560
|Foo
|Foo
|u
|fu
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Tritones
|
|560-640
|Trai
|traɪ
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Tritones
|Small
|Small
|560-577
|560-577
Line 258: Line 189:
|traɪs
|traɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|577-623
|'''577-623'''
|Traim
|'''Trai'''
|traɪm
|'''traɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 273: Line 204:
|fʌ
|fʌ
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Fifths
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Fifths
|
|640-732
|Fi
|fɪ
|-
|Small
|Small
|640-695
|640-695
Line 284: Line 210:
|fɪs
|fɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|695-709
|'''695-709'''
|Fim
|'''Fi'''
|fɪm
|'''fɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
Line 294: Line 220:
|fɪl
|fɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Interseptimal (5-min6)
| colspan="3" |Semitenth (Interseptimal 5-min6)
|732-760
|732-760
|Noo
|Te
|u
|tɛ
|-
| rowspan="12" |Sixths
| rowspan="4" |Minor
|
|760-828
|Kai
|aɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="9" |Sixths
| rowspan="3" |Minor
|Small
|Small
|760-777
|760-777
|Kais
|Kais
|aɪs
|kaɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|777-800
|'''777-800'''
|Kaim
|'''Kai'''
|aɪm
|'''kaɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|800-828
|800-828
|Kail
|Kail
|aɪl
|kaɪl
|-
| rowspan="4" |Neutral
|
|828-870
|Koo
|u
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Neutral
|Small
|Small
|828-840
|828-840
|Koos
|Koos
|us
|kus
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|840-858
|'''840-858'''
|Koom
|'''Koo'''
|um
|'''ku'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|858-870
|858-870
|Kool
|Kool
|ul
|kul
|-
| rowspan="4" |Major
|
|870-940
|Kay
|eɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Major
|Small
|Small
|870-900
|870-900
|Kays
|Kays
|eɪs
|keɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|900-920
|'''900-920'''
|Kaym
|'''Kay'''
|eɪm
|'''keɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|920-940
|920-940
|Kayl
|Kayl
|eɪl
|keɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Interseptimal (Maj6-min7)
| colspan="3" |(Semitwelfth Interseptimal Maj6-min7)
|940-960
|940-960
|Nee
|Twe
|ni
|twɛ
|-
| rowspan="13" |Sevenths
| rowspan="4" |Minor
|
|960-1025
|Vai
|aɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="10" |Sevenths
| rowspan="3" |Minor
|Small
|Small
|960-987
|960-987
|Vais
|Vais
|aɪs
|vaɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|987-1000
|'''987-1000'''
|Vaim
|'''Vai'''
|aɪm
|'''vaɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|1000-1025
|1000-1025
|Vail
|Vail
|aɪl
|vaɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |Equable heptatonic
| colspan="2" |Equable heptatonic
|1018-1040
|1018-1040
|Ho
|Ho
|ɒ
|hɒ
|-
| rowspan="4" |Neutral
|
|1030-1075
|Voo
|u
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Neutral
|Small
|Small
|1030-1043
|1030-1043
|Voos
|Voos
|us
|vus
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|1043-1065
|'''1043-1065'''
|Voom
|'''Voo'''
|um
|'''vu'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|1065-1075
|1065-1075
|Vool
|Vool
|ul
|vul
|-
| rowspan="4" |Major
|
|1075-1140
|Vay
|eɪ
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Major
|Small
|Small
|1075-1100
|1075-1100
|Vays
|Vays
|eɪs
|veɪs
|-
|-
|Medium
|'''Middle'''
|1100-1120
|'''1100-1120'''
|Vaym
|'''Vay'''
|eɪm
|'''veɪ'''
|-
|-
|Large
|Large
|1120-1140
|1120-1140
|Vayl
|Vayl
|eɪl
|veɪl
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Octave less diesis
| colspan="3" |Octave less diesis
|1140-1170
|1140-1170
|Dee
|Dee
|i
|di
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Octave less comma
| colspan="3" |Octave less comma
|1170-1200
|1170-1200
|Co
|Co
|ɒ
|kɒ
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Octave
| colspan="3" |Octave
Line 453: Line 349:
|}
|}


The unison and the octave (i.e. the "tonic") is always denoted with "A." (IPA: a)
For the main intervals which do not have major or minor forms, we give the following syllables:
* "Fo" for fourths
* "Trai" for tritones
* "Fi" for fifths
For the main intervals which have major, neutral, and minor versions we assign evocative and distinct consonant affixes:
* "S-" for seconds
* "Th-" for thirds
* "K-" for sixths
* "V-" for sevenths
To denote major, neutral, and minor versions of these intervals we add the vowels "ay" "oo" and "ai" (IPA "eɪ," "u," and "aɪ") which mimic the distinct vowels of the words "major," "neutral," and "minor."


Example: 13edo 5L3s 5|2
All of these main categories have primary versions (which can optionally be specified as the "middle" version) but also small and large versions, which we can denote with the consonant suffixes "s" and "l."


0 A
For the more esoteric categories we do not do not have major, minor, neutral, nor do we have large or small versions. These are denoted as follows:


184.615 Say
* "O" and "Co" for the commatic ranges
* "Ee" and "Dee" for the dieses ranges
* "Foo" for the superfourth range
* "Fu" for the subfifth range
* "Ha" and Hoo" for the higher and lower equable heptatonic ranges  


276.923 Thai
* The four interseptimal ranges
** "Fe" for semifourth
** "Ke" for semisixth
** "Te" for semitenth
** "Twe" for semitwelfth


461.538 Ni
== Examples ==
We will now show some examples of how this system can be used in practice.


646.154 Fu
=== 12edo diatonic (major mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>12edo 5L2s 5|1</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|200
|Say
|Major Second
|-
|400
|Thay
|Major Third
|-
|500
|Fo
|Fourth
|-
|700
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|900
|Kay
|Major Sixth
|-
|1100
|Vay
|Major Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}


738.462 Ni
=== 31edo diatonic (major mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>31edo 5L2s 5|1</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|193.548
|Says
|Small Major Second
|-
|387.097
|Thays
|Small Major Third
|-
|503.226
|Fo
|Fourth
|-
|696.774
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|890.323
|Kays
|Small Major Sixth
|-
|1083.871
|Vays
|Small Major Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}


923.077 ka
=== 31edo mosh (bish mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>31edo 3L4s 3|3</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|154.839
|Soo
|Neutral Second
|-
|348.387
|Thoo
|Neutral Third
|-
|503.226
|Fo
|Fourth
|-
|696.774
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|851.613
|Koo
|Neutral Sixth
|-
|1045.161
|Voo
|Neutral Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== 24edo mosh (bish mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>24edo 3L4s 3|3</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|150
|Soo
|Neutral Second
|-
|350
|Thoo
|Neutral Third
|-
|500
|Fo
|Fourth
|-
|700
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|850
|Koo
|Neutral Sixth
|-
|1050
|Voo
|Neutral Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== 24edo manual (medial mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>24edo 4L1s 2|2</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|250
|Fe
|Semifourth
|-
|500
|Fo
|Fourth
|-
|700
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|950
|Twe
|Semitwelfth
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== 19edo manual (medial mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>19edo 4L1s 2|2</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|252.632
|Fe
|Semifourth
|-
|505.263
|Fol
|Large Fourth
|-
|694.737
|Fis
|Small Fifth
|-
|947.368
|Twe
|Semitwelfth
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== 19edo diatonic (major mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>19edo 5L2s 5|1</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|189.474
|Says
|Small Major Second
|-
|378.947
|Thays
|Small Major Third
|-
|505.263
|Fol
|Large Fourth
|-
|694.737
|Fis
|Small Fifth
|-
|884.211
|Kays
|Small Major Sixth
|-
|1073.684
|Vool
|Large Neutral Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== Harmonics 8::16 ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |Harmonics 8::16
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|203.91
|Say
|Major Second
|-
|386.314
|Thays
|Small Major Third
|-
|551.318
|Foo
|Superfourth
|-
|701.955
|Fi
|Fifth
|-
|840.528
|Koo
|Neutral Sixth
|-
|968.826
|Vais
|Small Minor Seventh
|-
|1088.269
|Vays
|Small Major Seventh
|-
|1200
|A
|Octave
|}
 
=== 13edo oneirotonic (Celephaïsian mode) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="3" |<nowiki>13edo 5L3s 5|2</nowiki>
|-
!Cents
!Solfege
!Interval name
|-
|0
|A
|Unison
|-
|184.615
|Says
|Small Major Second
|-
|276.923
|Thais
|Small Minor Third
|-
|461.538
|Ke
|Semisixth
|-
|646.154
|Fu
|Subfifth
|-
|738.462
|Te
|Semitenth
|-
|923.077
|Kayl
|Large Major Sixth
|-
|1107.692
|Vay
|Major Seventh
|}


1107.692 Va
== References ==
<references />


1200. A
[[Category:Solfege]]
Retrieved from "https://en.xen.wiki/w/Universal_solfege"