Middle-Eastern music: Difference between revisions

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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>

This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>

: This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2017-08-14 03:46:52 UTC</tt>.<br>

: This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2017-08-14 03:53:57 UTC</tt>.<br>

: The original revision id was <tt>~~616375185~~</tt>.<br>

: The original revision id was <tt>616375295</tt>.<br>

: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>

The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>

<h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><span style="display: block; text-align: right;">~~Other languages:~~ [[xenharmonie/arabisch, türkisch, persisch|Deutsch]]

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><span style="display: block; text-align: right;">[[xenharmonie/arabisch, türkisch, persisch|Deutsch]]

</span>

Along with the [[Indian]] tradition, the music of the Middle and Near East (Arabic, Turkish, and Persian) is one of the important microtonal <span class="wiki_link_ext">music</span> traditions.

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Important EDOs that meet these requirements are [[53edo]] and [[72edo]]. Both of these have found a certain dissemination in middle-eastern music.

For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes [[34edo]] and [[~~41edo~~]] as acceptable compromises. ~~These~~ have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo and ~~34edo~~ can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.

For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes [[34edo]], [[41edo]] and [[46edo]], within limits also [[29edo]], as acceptable compromises. 29edo, 34edo and 41edo have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo, 34edo and 29edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.

And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...

And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are, by the way, not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...

==Level 3==

Even [[53edo]] and [[72edo]] do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.

Even [[53edo]] and [[72edo]] , although already containing much more pitches than many westerners can imagine, do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.

A system that meets the tuning needs to a satisfactory degree is proposed in [[@http://www.ozanyarman.com/files/doctorate_thesis.pdf|Ozan Yarman's dissertation]] (also summarized in the mentioned [[@http://www.academia.edu/2351299/Search_For_A_Theoretical_Model_Conforming_To_Turkish_Maqam_Music_Practice_A_Selection_Of_Fixed-Pitch_Settings_From_34-tone_Equal_Temperament_To_The_|paper]] ): a 79-tone [[MOSScales|MOS]] subset of [[159edo]]. A short description (quoting a post to the tuning list) is also [[79MOS 159edo|here]].

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</span></pre></div>

<h4>Original HTML content:</h4>

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>Arabic, Turkish, Persian</title></head><body><span style="display: block; text-align: right;">~~Other languages:~~ <a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonie.wikispaces.com/arabisch%2C%20t%C3%BCrkisch%2C%20persisch">Deutsch</a><br />

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>Arabic, Turkish, Persian</title></head><body><span style="display: block; text-align: right;"><a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonie.wikispaces.com/arabisch%2C%20t%C3%BCrkisch%2C%20persisch">Deutsch</a><br />

</span><br />

~~<br />~~

Along with the <a class="wiki_link" href="/Indian">Indian</a> tradition, the music of the Middle and Near East (Arabic, Turkish, and Persian) is one of the important microtonal <span class="wiki_link_ext">music</span> traditions.<br />

<br />

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Important EDOs that meet these requirements are <a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo">53edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo">72edo</a>. Both of these have found a certain dissemination in middle-eastern music.<br />

<br />

For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes <a class="wiki_link" href="/34edo">34edo</a> ~~and~~ <a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo">41edo</a> as acceptable compromises. ~~These~~ have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo and ~~34edo~~ can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.<br />

For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes <a class="wiki_link" href="/34edo">34edo</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo">41edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/46edo">46edo</a>, within limits also <a class="wiki_link" href="/29edo">29edo</a>, as acceptable compromises. 29edo, 34edo and 41edo have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo, 34edo and 29edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.<br />

<br />

And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...<br />

And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are, by the way, not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...<br />

<br />

<h2 id="toc3"><a name="Maqamat in equal temperaments-Level 3"></a>Level 3</h2>

Even <a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo">53edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo">72edo</a> do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.<br />

Even <a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo">53edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo">72edo</a> , although already containing much more pitches than many westerners can imagine, do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.<br />

<br />

A system that meets the tuning needs to a satisfactory degree is proposed in <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.ozanyarman.com/files/doctorate_thesis.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ozan Yarman's dissertation</a> (also summarized in the mentioned <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.academia.edu/2351299/Search_For_A_Theoretical_Model_Conforming_To_Turkish_Maqam_Music_Practice_A_Selection_Of_Fixed-Pitch_Settings_From_34-tone_Equal_Temperament_To_The_" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">paper</a> ): a 79-tone <a class="wiki_link" href="/MOSScales">MOS</a> subset of <a class="wiki_link" href="/159edo">159edo</a>. A short description (quoting a post to the tuning list) is also <a class="wiki_link" href="/79MOS%20159edo">here</a>.<br />

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<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusicportal.org" rel="nofollow">http://www.turkishmusicportal.org</a> - listening<br />

<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.turkishmusic.org</a> - listening<br />

<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html</a> - listening<br />

<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html</a> - listening<br />

<br />

<h3 id="toc8"><a name="External links--Persian"></a>Persian</h3>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
 This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
-: This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2017-08-14 03:46:52 UTC</tt>.<br>
+: This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2017-08-14 03:53:57 UTC</tt>.<br>
-: The original revision id was <tt>616375185</tt>.<br>
+: The original revision id was <tt>616375295</tt>.<br>
 : The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
 The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
 <h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
-<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;span style="display: block; text-align: right;"&gt;Other languages: [[xenharmonie/arabisch, türkisch, persisch|Deutsch]]
+<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;span style="display: block; text-align: right;"&gt;[[xenharmonie/arabisch, türkisch, persisch|Deutsch]]
 &lt;/span&gt;
 Along with the [[Indian]] tradition, the music of the Middle and Near East (Arabic, Turkish, and Persian) is one of the important microtonal &lt;span class="wiki_link_ext"&gt;music&lt;/span&gt; traditions.
@@ Line 37: / Line 36: @@
 Important EDOs that meet these requirements are [[53edo]] and [[72edo]]. Both of these have found a certain dissemination in middle-eastern music.
-For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes [[34edo]] and [[41edo]] as acceptable compromises. These have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo and 34edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.
+For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes [[34edo]], [[41edo]] and [[46edo]], within limits also [[29edo]], as acceptable compromises. 29edo, 34edo and 41edo have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo, 34edo and 29edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.
-And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...
+And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are, by the way, not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...
 ==Level 3==
-Even [[53edo]] and [[72edo]] do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.
+Even [[53edo]] and [[72edo]] , although already containing much more pitches than many westerners can imagine, do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.
 A system that meets the tuning needs to a satisfactory degree is proposed in [[@http://www.ozanyarman.com/files/doctorate_thesis.pdf|Ozan Yarman's dissertation]] (also summarized in the mentioned [[@http://www.academia.edu/2351299/Search_For_A_Theoretical_Model_Conforming_To_Turkish_Maqam_Music_Practice_A_Selection_Of_Fixed-Pitch_Settings_From_34-tone_Equal_Temperament_To_The_|paper]] ): a 79-tone [[MOSScales|MOS]] subset of [[159edo]]. A short description (quoting a post to the tuning list) is also [[79MOS 159edo|here]].
@@ Line 90: / Line 89: @@
 &lt;/span&gt;</pre></div>
 <h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
-<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Arabic, Turkish, Persian&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;span style="display: block; text-align: right;"&gt;Other languages: &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonie.wikispaces.com/arabisch%2C%20t%C3%BCrkisch%2C%20persisch"&gt;Deutsch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
+<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Arabic, Turkish, Persian&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;span style="display: block; text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="http://xenharmonie.wikispaces.com/arabisch%2C%20t%C3%BCrkisch%2C%20persisch"&gt;Deutsch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
 Along with the &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Indian"&gt;Indian&lt;/a&gt; tradition, the music of the Middle and Near East (Arabic, Turkish, and Persian) is one of the important microtonal &lt;span class="wiki_link_ext"&gt;music&lt;/span&gt; traditions.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
@@ Line 119: / Line 117: @@
 Important EDOs that meet these requirements are &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo"&gt;53edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo"&gt;72edo&lt;/a&gt;. Both of these have found a certain dissemination in middle-eastern music.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
-For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/34edo"&gt;34edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo"&gt;41edo&lt;/a&gt; as acceptable compromises. These have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo and 34edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.&lt;br /&gt;
+For turkish music, Ozan Yarman also proposes &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/34edo"&gt;34edo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo"&gt;41edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/46edo"&gt;46edo&lt;/a&gt;, within limits also &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/29edo"&gt;29edo&lt;/a&gt;, as acceptable compromises. 29edo, 34edo and 41edo have the property that the larger neutral second has a character close to a minor wholetone, and, playing the Rast maqam with it, the third note is less a neutral third than a 5/4-style major third. This matches the turkish variant of Rast which indeed has such a third - the arabic variant, however, is lower. 41edo, 34edo and 29edo can thus be considered suited for turkish music but less so for arabic music.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
-And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...&lt;br /&gt;
+And here we see another nemesis of the tentatives to establish a common tuning standard: there is not one middle-eastern system but many. There are, by the way, not just differences between arabic and turkish systems but also regional differences within the respective cultures...&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:6:&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h2 id="toc3"&gt;&lt;a name="Maqamat in equal temperaments-Level 3"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:6 --&gt;Level 3&lt;/h2&gt;
-  Even &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo"&gt;53edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo"&gt;72edo&lt;/a&gt; do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.&lt;br /&gt;
+  Even &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/53edo"&gt;53edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/72edo"&gt;72edo&lt;/a&gt; , although already containing much more pitches than many westerners can imagine, do not cover all details. For these. there are some other, still larger subdivisions that have been investigated.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 A system that meets the tuning needs to a satisfactory degree is proposed in &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.ozanyarman.com/files/doctorate_thesis.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"&gt;Ozan Yarman's dissertation&lt;/a&gt; (also summarized in the mentioned &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.academia.edu/2351299/Search_For_A_Theoretical_Model_Conforming_To_Turkish_Maqam_Music_Practice_A_Selection_Of_Fixed-Pitch_Settings_From_34-tone_Equal_Temperament_To_The_" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"&gt;paper&lt;/a&gt; ): a 79-tone &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/MOSScales"&gt;MOS&lt;/a&gt; subset of &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/159edo"&gt;159edo&lt;/a&gt;. A short description (quoting a post to the tuning list) is also &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/79MOS%20159edo"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
@@ Line 161: / Line 159: @@
 &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusicportal.org" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.turkishmusicportal.org&lt;/a&gt; - listening&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.turkishmusic.org&lt;/a&gt; - listening&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule:190:http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html --&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextUrlRule:190 --&gt; - listening&lt;br /&gt;
+&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule:191:http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html --&gt;&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.turkishmusic.org/index18.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextUrlRule:191 --&gt; - listening&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:16:&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h3 id="toc8"&gt;&lt;a name="External links--Persian"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:16 --&gt;Persian&lt;/h3&gt;