Tenney–Euclidean tuning: Difference between revisions
Wikispaces>keenanpepper **Imported revision 314520702 - Original comment: ** |
Wikispaces>genewardsmith **Imported revision 471702028 - Original comment: ** |
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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2> | <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2> | ||
This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br> | This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br> | ||
: This revision was by author [[User: | : This revision was by author [[User:genewardsmith|genewardsmith]] and made on <tt>2013-11-23 19:54:29 UTC</tt>.<br> | ||
: The original revision id was <tt> | : The original revision id was <tt>471702028</tt>.<br> | ||
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The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br> | The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br> | ||
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Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix|positive-semidefinite]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix|symmetric matrix]] with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M. | Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix|positive-semidefinite]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix|symmetric matrix]] with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M. | ||
If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. | If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. If the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M. | ||
=Examples= | =Examples= | ||
The val for 5-limit 12et is <12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = <12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ <12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842 | The val for 5-limit 12et is <12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = <12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ <12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842>]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1> and monzo-weight it to <-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison. | ||
Now consider [[Diaschismic family|pajara]], the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are [[12edo]] and [[22edo]]. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be | Now consider [[Diaschismic family|pajara]], the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are [[12edo]] and [[22edo]]. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be | ||
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V ~ [<12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, <22 22.083 21.965 22.085|] | V ~ [<12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, <22 22.083 21.965 22.085|] | ||
Then the pseudoinverse V` is | Then the pseudoinverse V` is approximately | ||
[-1.81029 1.00052] | [-1.81029 1.00052] | ||
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[4.83496 -2.63063] | [4.83496 -2.63063] | ||
[3.67652 -1.99757] | [3.67652 -1.99757] | ||
which we may also write as [|-1.81029 -6.68250 4.83496 3.6765175829982166001>, | |||
|1.00052 3.66285 -2.63063 -1.99757>] | |||
Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as [[10edo]] in weighted coordinates unchanged. | Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as [[10edo]] in weighted coordinates unchanged. | ||
If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are [[fractional monzos]]. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix | If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are [[fractional monzos]]. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12*/1289, where the * denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column |12/1289 19/1289 28/1289>. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F: | ||
<144 228 336|, <228 361 532|, <336 532 784|]/1289 | <144 228 336|, <228 361 532|, <336 532 784|]/1289 | ||
Multiplying <12 19 28| by F gives <12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, <19 30 44|, by F gives | Multiplying <12 19 28| by F gives <12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, <19 30 44|, by F gives <24360 38570 56840|/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0> times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0>F, of 1196.778 cents. | ||
We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is | We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is | ||
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Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix" rel="nofollow">positive-semidefinite</a> <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix" rel="nofollow">symmetric matrix</a> with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.<br /> | Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix" rel="nofollow">positive-semidefinite</a> <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix" rel="nofollow">symmetric matrix</a> with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. | If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. If the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M.<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
<!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:12:&lt;h1&gt; --><h1 id="toc6"><a name="Examples"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:12 -->Examples</h1> | <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:12:&lt;h1&gt; --><h1 id="toc6"><a name="Examples"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:12 -->Examples</h1> | ||
The val for 5-limit 12et is &lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842 | The val for 5-limit 12et is &lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842&gt;]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1&gt; and monzo-weight it to &lt;-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison.<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Now consider <a class="wiki_link" href="/Diaschismic%20family">pajara</a>, the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are <a class="wiki_link" href="/12edo">12edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/22edo">22edo</a>. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be<br /> | Now consider <a class="wiki_link" href="/Diaschismic%20family">pajara</a>, the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are <a class="wiki_link" href="/12edo">12edo</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/22edo">22edo</a>. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be<br /> | ||
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V ~ [&lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]<br /> | V ~ [&lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Then the pseudoinverse V` is | Then the pseudoinverse V` is approximately<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
[-1.81029 1.00052]<br /> | [-1.81029 1.00052]<br /> | ||
| Line 139: | Line 142: | ||
[4.83496 -2.63063]<br /> | [4.83496 -2.63063]<br /> | ||
[3.67652 -1.99757]<br /> | [3.67652 -1.99757]<br /> | ||
<br /> | |||
which we may also write as [|-1.81029 -6.68250 4.83496 3.6765175829982166001&gt;, <br /> | |||
|1.00052 3.66285 -2.63063 -1.99757&gt;]<br /> | |||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as <a class="wiki_link" href="/10edo">10edo</a> in weighted coordinates unchanged.<br /> | Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as <a class="wiki_link" href="/10edo">10edo</a> in weighted coordinates unchanged.<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are <a class="wiki_link" href="/fractional%20monzos">fractional monzos</a>. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix | If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are <a class="wiki_link" href="/fractional%20monzos">fractional monzos</a>. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12*/1289, where the * denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column |12/1289 19/1289 28/1289&gt;. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F:<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
&lt;144 228 336|, &lt;228 361 532|, &lt;336 532 784|]/1289<br /> | &lt;144 228 336|, &lt;228 361 532|, &lt;336 532 784|]/1289<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Multiplying &lt;12 19 28| by F gives &lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &lt;19 30 44|, by F gives | Multiplying &lt;12 19 28| by F gives &lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &lt;19 30 44|, by F gives &lt;24360 38570 56840|/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0&gt; times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0&gt;F, of 1196.778 cents.<br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is<br /> | We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is<br /> | ||