Tenney–Euclidean tuning: Difference between revisions

Wikispaces>keenanpepper
**Imported revision 314520702 - Original comment: **
Wikispaces>genewardsmith
**Imported revision 471702028 - Original comment: **
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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
: This revision was by author [[User:keenanpepper|keenanpepper]] and made on <tt>2012-03-26 01:16:24 UTC</tt>.<br>
: This revision was by author [[User:genewardsmith|genewardsmith]] and made on <tt>2013-11-23 19:54:29 UTC</tt>.<br>
: The original revision id was <tt>314520702</tt>.<br>
: The original revision id was <tt>471702028</tt>.<br>
: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
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Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix|positive-semidefinite]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix|symmetric matrix]] with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.
Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix|positive-semidefinite]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix|symmetric matrix]] with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.


If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. I the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M.
If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. If the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M.


=Examples=  
=Examples=  
The val for 5-limit 12et is &lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842|]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1&gt; and monzo-weight it to &lt;-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison.
The val for 5-limit 12et is &lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842&gt;]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1&gt; and monzo-weight it to &lt;-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison.


Now consider [[Diaschismic family|pajara]], the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are [[12edo]] and [[22edo]]. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be
Now consider [[Diaschismic family|pajara]], the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are [[12edo]] and [[22edo]]. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be
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V ~ [&lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]
V ~ [&lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]


Then the pseudoinverse V` is V`, approximately
Then the pseudoinverse V` is approximately


[-1.81029 1.00052]
[-1.81029 1.00052]
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[4.83496 -2.63063]
[4.83496 -2.63063]
[3.67652 -1.99757]
[3.67652 -1.99757]
which we may also write as [|-1.81029 -6.68250 4.83496 3.6765175829982166001&gt;, 
|1.00052 3.66285 -2.63063 -1.99757&gt;]


Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as [[10edo]] in weighted coordinates unchanged.
Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as [[10edo]] in weighted coordinates unchanged.


If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are [[fractional monzos]]. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12t/1289, where the t denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column [12/1289 19/1289 28/1289]. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F:
If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are [[fractional monzos]]. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12*/1289, where the * denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column |12/1289 19/1289 28/1289&gt;. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F:


&lt;144 228 336|, &lt;228 361 532|, &lt;336 532 784|]/1289
&lt;144 228 336|, &lt;228 361 532|, &lt;336 532 784|]/1289


Multiplying &lt;12 19 28| by F gives &lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &lt;19 30 44|, by F gives [24360 38570 56840]/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0&gt; times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0&gt;F, of 1196.778 cents.
Multiplying &lt;12 19 28| by F gives &lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &lt;19 30 44|, by F gives &lt;24360 38570 56840|/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0&gt; times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0&gt;F, of 1196.778 cents.


We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is
We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is
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Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix" rel="nofollow"&gt;positive-semidefinite&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix" rel="nofollow"&gt;symmetric matrix&lt;/a&gt; with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.&lt;br /&gt;
Spelling this out, if V is a matrix whose rows are vals, then P = V`V is a &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive-definite_matrix" rel="nofollow"&gt;positive-semidefinite&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_matrix" rel="nofollow"&gt;symmetric matrix&lt;/a&gt; with rational matrix entries, which exactly specifies the regular temperament defined by the vals of V. If M is a matrix with rows of monzos which spans the subspace of interval space containing the commas, then this same matrix P is given by I - M`M.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. I the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M.&lt;br /&gt;
If the vals defining V are linearly independent, then P = V*(VV*)^(-1)V. If the rows of M are independent, then we likewise have P = I - M*(MM*)^(-1)M.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:12:&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h1 id="toc6"&gt;&lt;a name="Examples"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:12 --&gt;Examples&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:12:&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;h1 id="toc6"&gt;&lt;a name="Examples"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:12 --&gt;Examples&lt;/h1&gt;
  The val for 5-limit 12et is &amp;lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &amp;lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &amp;lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842|]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1&amp;gt; and monzo-weight it to &amp;lt;-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison.&lt;br /&gt;
  The val for 5-limit 12et is &amp;lt;12 19 28|. In weighted coordinates, that becomes v12 = &amp;lt;12 19/log2(3) 28/log2(5)| ~ &amp;lt;12.0 11.988 12.059|. If we take this to be a 1x3 matrix and take the pseudoinverse, we get the 3x1 matrix v12` ~ [|0.027706 0.027677 0.027842&amp;gt;]. Then P = v12`v12 is a projection map onto the one-dimensional subspace whose single basis vector is v12. We find that v12P equals v12; on the other hand, if we take the monzo for 81/80, which is |-4 4 -1&amp;gt; and monzo-weight it to &amp;lt;-4 4log2(3) - log2(5)| and multiply (either side, the matrix is symmetric) by P, we get the zero vector, corresponding to the unison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now consider &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Diaschismic%20family"&gt;pajara&lt;/a&gt;, the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/12edo"&gt;12edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/22edo"&gt;22edo&lt;/a&gt;. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be&lt;br /&gt;
Now consider &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Diaschismic%20family"&gt;pajara&lt;/a&gt;, the 7-limit temperament tempering out both 50/49 and 64/63. Two possible equal temperament tunings for pajara are &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/12edo"&gt;12edo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/22edo"&gt;22edo&lt;/a&gt;. We may define a 2x4 matrix with rows equal to the vals for 12, and 22; in weighted coordinates this would be&lt;br /&gt;
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V ~ [&amp;lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &amp;lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]&lt;br /&gt;
V ~ [&amp;lt;12 11.988 12.059 12.111|, &amp;lt;22 22.083 21.965 22.085|]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Then the pseudoinverse V` is V`, approximately&lt;br /&gt;
Then the pseudoinverse V` is approximately&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[-1.81029 1.00052]&lt;br /&gt;
[-1.81029 1.00052]&lt;br /&gt;
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[4.83496 -2.63063]&lt;br /&gt;
[4.83496 -2.63063]&lt;br /&gt;
[3.67652 -1.99757]&lt;br /&gt;
[3.67652 -1.99757]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
which we may also write as [|-1.81029 -6.68250 4.83496 3.6765175829982166001&amp;gt;,  &lt;br /&gt;
|1.00052 3.66285 -2.63063 -1.99757&amp;gt;]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/10edo"&gt;10edo&lt;/a&gt; in weighted coordinates unchanged.&lt;br /&gt;
Paj = V`V is a 4x4 symmetrical matrix which projects weighted vals in TE tuning space, or weighted monzos in TE interval space, to a subspace defined by pajara. It therefore projects the weighted monzos for 50/49, 64/63, 225/224, 2048/2025 and etc to the zero vector, whereas it leaves pajara vals such as &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/10edo"&gt;10edo&lt;/a&gt; in weighted coordinates unchanged.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/fractional%20monzos"&gt;fractional monzos&lt;/a&gt;. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12t/1289, where the t denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column [12/1289 19/1289 28/1289]. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F:&lt;br /&gt;
If we use unweighted coordinates we get the Frobenius projection map instead, whose rows are &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/fractional%20monzos"&gt;fractional monzos&lt;/a&gt;. The unweighted pseudoinverse u12` of the 5-limit val u12 for 12 equal is the column matrix u12*/1289, where the * denotes the transpose; that is, the 1x3 matrix with column |12/1289 19/1289 28/1289&amp;gt;. Then u12`u12 is the 3x3 Frobenius projection map F:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;144 228 336|, &amp;lt;228 361 532|, &amp;lt;336 532 784|]/1289&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;144 228 336|, &amp;lt;228 361 532|, &amp;lt;336 532 784|]/1289&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Multiplying &amp;lt;12 19 28| by F gives &amp;lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &amp;lt;19 30 44|, by F gives [24360 38570 56840]/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0&amp;gt; times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0&amp;gt;F, of 1196.778 cents.&lt;br /&gt;
Multiplying &amp;lt;12 19 28| by F gives &amp;lt;12 19 28| again. Multiplying the monzos for 81/80, 128/125, 648/625 and etc gives the zero monzo, corresponding to a unison. Multiplying the val for 5-limit 19 equal, &amp;lt;19 30 44|, by F gives &amp;lt;24360 38570 56840|/1289, which is approximately the 19 equal val. Multiplying the 5-limit monzo for 3/2, which is |-1 1 0&amp;gt; times F gives the fractional monzo corresponding to (2^84 3^133 5^196)^(1/1289), which equates to 698.121 cents, the tempering of 3/2 in Frobenius tuning for 5-limit 12et, the tuning with octave defined by the top row of F, which is to say by |1 0 0&amp;gt;F, of 1196.778 cents.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is&lt;br /&gt;
We can do the same thing with a matrix U with rows consisting of the vals for 7-limit 12 and 22 equal; then U`U, the Frobenius projection map for pajara, is&lt;br /&gt;