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~~==Prospective history==~~

~~===Classical music===~~

During the French Revolution, the music of earlier French composers was abandoned in favour of a purer, "more French", decimal music. The French decimal time caught on and was successful in this timeline and they also decimalized music. The Institution for the Decimal Music in France then "decimalized" several Bach works, as well as Mozart and Haydn sonatas and symphonies though these never caught on.

The 10-note "French" system spread throughout the entirety of continental Europe within thirty years, with younger composers picking it up and older composers who were accustomed to the older 12edo-adjacent systems vehemently despising it.

The equivalent of the Second Viennese School in this universe, the New Pythagoreans, were a group of cultists from America and England who believed that the decimal sequences of irrational numbers held the key to greater understanding of the universe, because of 'music of the spheres' and whatnot. The first New Pythagorean composer was William Shanks who was in love with the sequence 4592307816, as it is the first pandigital sequence in pi, and used it as a tone row in his magnum opus, Symphony in Pi. To this day this sequence of intervals is known as the Shanks row or the Shanks motif.

~~Then, Arnold Schoenberg (who is American) took up Shanks' idea and, unlike Shanks, used other tone-rows. His students, Scott Mount and Anthony Weaver were also New Pythagorean composers.~~

Since some composers weren't happy with neopentatonicism, they decided to make their own style informed by Mozart, which was based on the Durmoll scale (what we call Kleeth), and a dicot-based harmonic system. Many neo-Baroque chorales and chorale collections were written using this system.

William Shanks viewed nationalism as a catalyst for war, hence he decided to turn to the universal and mathematical world, hence New Pythagoreanism being almost anti-Romanticist. As a result, France and the greater Slavic world decided to adopt New Pythagoreanism, with Les Six and the Five (or the Mighty Handful) becoming major international proponents.

This attracted many Christian musicians and composers (Scott Mount was one of them). Mount wrote a Mass in 10edo, which was half-dicot-based and half-neopentatonicist, with a few small sections in the New Pythagorean style.

Hence, works commonly performed by symphony orchestras are from the Romantic onwards, with Classical-period works sparingly performed. Folk music, especially European, American, and African, is also commonly performed, with symphonic versions of these works composed.

~~===Jazz music===~~

Many African traditions (not sure which ones) developed equipentatonic systems. We take the fact that the French liked 10edo (what they call ‘metric tuning’) so much so that they even promoted it inside their colonies. This initially had more success than expected, due to a common arrangement by some Temitope Ayokunle who proposed the idea of two parallel balafons covering the entire 10edo gamut. This somehow eventually spread to America during the African slave trade and developed a new type of music (still called jazz), but Earth#10 jazz is more adventurous in the fact that they would regard each note of 10edo as equally important and thus they would regard the chromatic gamut as the scale itself. Equally interesting was the use of the [0 3 6 8] chord in 10edo as the main ‘primary’ chord in Earth#10 jazz music.

Earth#10 jazz music has more African influence in its instrumentation as well, with modern balafons and electric (and acoustic) koras and kamele ngoni being extremely common in jazz and other popular musical styles. As such, European instruments are sparingly used in jazz, and hence the saxophone is more commonly used in the orchestra.

~~===Mathematics===~~

Due to the influence of Nystrom, hexadecimal (called nystromal in this universe, to distinguish it from "tonal" referring to music) is used as an official number base across the larger cities in Northern Europe, the Northwestern European Union, and some formerly colonial cities in Asia. Nystromal is also used and accepted in most dual-mode calculators and is even used and accepted in many large research journals.

~~==Sociopolitical structure of this world==~~

~~'''''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' Anything shown here is meant for this alternate history project, and are not influenced by past, current, or future world affairs.''~~

~~[[File:Earth-10 Europe v2.png|right|thumb|Earth#10 Europe. Made with https://www.mapchart.net/europe.html]]~~

Most importantly, there was only one world war, due to von Stauffenberg successfully killing Hitler. This caused the world in Earth#10 to be much more peaceful than it is today, especially with more advances in art.

~~There is a Northwestern European Union consisting of the Netherlands (called Holland in-universe), France, and the United Kingdom. Belgium did not gain independence from Holland.~~

~~The map of Europe is similar to one pre-Second World War, with the exceptions of Scotland being independent, and Luxembourg and Belgium never gaining independence.~~

~~The People's Republic of China never forms, due to a successful Mao Zedong assassination attempt. China in this world is the ROC.~~

Decolonization of Africa was never attempted (so Zimbabwe is still called Rhodesia) though the decolonization of Asia was more successful than it is in our world. However, colonial influence led to a new "Euro-Asian" culture of art and music. To this day, colonial languages in Asia are still widely learned: French in Lata (formerly French Indochina), Dutch in Indonesia, and English in India and Singapore.

~~==Distribution of the languages across the world==~~

The official languages of the USA are English, French, German, Dutch, and Mandarin Chinese. However, Louisiana has Cajun as its sole official language. Ewe is a trade language in the USA and is a commonly spoken language in the more urban cities.

~~Canada (called Greater Quebec in-universe) is a Francophone country. The official languages of Australia and New Zealand are now English and Dutch.~~

Zwischensprache is a minority language in England, Holland, and France. Scots is not a vulnerable language due to Scotland, a puppet state of the United Kingdom, having Scots as its sole official language.

English does not remain a global language, with a more-or-less equal distribution of Mandarin Chinese, English, French, and Dutch-language (and to a lesser extent Indonesian, Tamil, German, and Russian) websites. Mandarin Chinese, in particular, is a commonly-learned language due to its influence in the Earth#10 scientific community.

~~==Languages of this world that are not in our world==~~

~~===Zwischensprache (debatable)===~~

Called variously ''Interlangue'', ''Tussentaal'', ''the Betweenspeak'', and ''Zwischensprache'' (the name used in this article), it originally was formed as a pidgin language in the 19th to 20th centuries due to frequent contact of people of France, Holland, and the United Kingdom. It has several names due to there not being a standardized grammar or lexicon for the language yet, however, there were a few attempts to do so. It has also been theorized that this forms a dialect continuum with the French and Dutch dialects forming the ends thereof, with the British dialect somewhat in the middle.

~~===Cajun===~~

Cajun (formerly Louisiana French) diverged far enough from French that it can be considered a separate language. It is mainly spoken in Louisiana with other Cajun-speaking communities in South America.

~~===Lenka Kutu===~~

This is the equivalent of Toki Pona in this universe. It has exactly 256 words, equally distributed between Germanic, Romance, Austronesian, and Sino-Tibetan, with some words from other language families. It is also the official language of the New Pythagorean movement since its adoption in 2011.

==Music theory==

The notes are called 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 0 of the 2nd dekatave is written as 0₂ and has a frequency of 115.741 Hz, which is 100 vibrations per new second (1/100000 of a day). Music is written with a jianpu-style notation (called the ''ciphersystem'') which has been adopted worldwide in the early 20th century.

The notes are called 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 0 of the 2nd dekatave is written as 0₂ and has a frequency of 115.741 Hz, which is 100 vibrations per new second (1/100000 of a day or 0.864 Earth#12 seconds). Music is written with a jianpu-style notation (called the ''ciphersystem'') which has been adopted worldwide in the early 20th century.

There are three main modes used in composition: dicot[7], called Durmoll (seen above), 5edo, and 10edo. Traditionally the main triad in most classical and folk-style music is taken to be [0 3 6], or what is known here as the neutral triad. This triad on note X is called Xt. Degree arithmetic is assumed to be modulo 10.

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Pieces or sections of pieces written in Durmoll or something similar have a strong resemblance to the music of the Classical period and traditional Western harmony is applied accordingly. Modern orchestral works from the Late Romantic onwards use both modes relatively equally.

Intervals are called the unison, first, second... ninth, dekatave, first-and-dekatave, second-and-dekatave... ninth-and-dekatave, double dekatave.

The Italian sixth on 0 is [7 0 5], the French sixth is [7 0 2 5], and the German sixth [7 0 3 5]. All resolve to the triad on the sixth above 0.

===Notation in modern Earth#10 Ciphersystem===

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Notes are written exactly like in jianpu, but with no accidentals and using the numerals 0 to 9 for the note names. The default dekatave number is taken to be the number of the dekatave prescribed by the clef.

===4-part harmony===

* A fifth must always be succeeded with a first in the opposite direction.

* Parallel dekataves and sixths are not allowed (in the usual manner as exposed octaves and fifths in OTL harmony).

* Exposed dekataves and sixths are not allowed (in the usual manner as exposed octaves and fifths in OTL harmony).

* Overlapping of voices in similar motion as well as crossing of voices are not allowed (as is in OTL harmony).

==Instruments==

===Keyboard instruments===

There are two keyboard layouts commonly used today for modern music, the 'English' and 'German' layouts. The 'English' layout is used in New Pythagorean (see below) works and jazz works but the 'German' keyboard is used for classical-style works. Both may be used in the course of a single work.

[[File:English keyboard.png|right|thumb|The 'English' layout.]]

[[File:German keyboard.png|right|thumb|The 'German' layout.]]

===Bowed string instruments===

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* 1 treble flute, 2 alto flutes

* 2 alto oboes, 1 contra-alto oboe ~~(equivalent to the cor anglais in our timeline)~~

* 2 alto oboes, 1 contra-alto oboe

* 2 alto saxophones, 1 baritone saxophone

* 2 bassoons, 1 contrabassoon

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The pitched percussion section contains, minimally, 1 set of 10 timpani, and 1 metallophone.

==~~Notable people~~==

==Music==

[[Media:Introduction and Waltz.mp3|Introduction and Waltz]], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style (dated to about 1820)

==History of Earth#10 music==

===Classical music===

During the French Revolution, the music of earlier French composers was abandoned in favour of a purer, "more French", decimal music. The French decimal time caught on and was successful in this timeline and they also decimalized music. The Institution for the Decimal Music in France then "decimalized" several Bach works, as well as Mozart and Haydn sonatas and symphonies though these never caught on.

The 10-note "French" system spread throughout the entirety of continental Europe within thirty years, with younger composers picking it up and older composers who were accustomed to the older 12edo-adjacent systems vehemently despising it.

The equivalent of the Second Viennese School in this universe, the New Pythagoreans, were a group of cultists from America and England who believed that the decimal sequences of irrational numbers held the key to greater understanding of the universe, because of 'music of the spheres' and whatnot. The first New Pythagorean composer was William Shanks who was in love with the sequence 4592307816, as it is the first pandigital sequence in pi, and used it as a tone row in his magnum opus, Symphony in Pi. To this day this sequence of intervals is known as the Shanks row or the Shanks motif.

Then, Arnold Schoenberg (who is American) took up Shanks' idea and, unlike Shanks, used other tone-rows. His students, Scott Mount and Anthony Weaver were also New Pythagorean composers.

===People with an Earth#12 equivalent===

Since some composers weren't happy with neopentatonicism, they decided to make their own style informed by Mozart, which was based on the Durmoll scale (what we call Kleeth), and a dicot-based harmonic system. Many neo-Baroque chorales and chorale collections were written using this system.

William Shanks viewed nationalism as a catalyst for war, hence he decided to turn to the universal and mathematical world, hence New Pythagoreanism being almost anti-Romanticist. As a result, France and the greater Slavic world decided to adopt New Pythagoreanism, with Les Six and the Five (or the Mighty Handful) becoming major international proponents.

This attracted many Christian musicians and composers (Scott Mount was one of them). Mount wrote a Mass in 10edo, which was half-dicot-based and half-neopentatonicist, with a few small sections in the New Pythagorean style.

Hence, works commonly performed by symphony orchestras are from the Romantic onwards, with Classical-period works sparingly performed. Folk music, especially European, American, and African, is also commonly performed, with symphonic versions of these works composed.

===Jazz music===

Many African traditions (not sure which ones) developed equipentatonic systems. We take the fact that the French liked 10edo (what they call ‘metric tuning’) so much so that they even promoted it inside their colonies. This initially had more success than expected, due to a common arrangement by some Temitope Ayokunle who proposed the idea of two parallel balafons covering the entire 10edo gamut. This somehow eventually spread to America during the African slave trade and developed a new type of music (still called jazz), but Earth#10 jazz is more adventurous in the fact that they would regard each note of 10edo as equally important and thus they would regard the chromatic gamut as the scale itself. Equally interesting was the use of the [0 3 6 8] chord in 10edo as the main ‘primary’ chord in Earth#10 jazz music.

Earth#10 jazz music has more African influence in its instrumentation as well, with modern balafons and electric (and acoustic) koras and kamele ngoni being extremely common in jazz and other popular musical styles. As such, European instruments are sparingly used in jazz, and hence the saxophone is more commonly used in the orchestra.

== Non-musical worldbuilding ==

===Mathematics===

Due to the influence of Nystrom, hexadecimal (called nystromal in this universe, to distinguish it from "tonal" referring to music) is used as an official number base across the larger cities in Northern Europe, the Northwestern European Union, and some formerly colonial cities in Asia. Nystromal is also used and accepted in most dual-mode calculators and is even used and accepted in many large research journals.

===Sociopolitical structure of this world===

'''''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' Anything shown here is meant for this alternate history project, and are not influenced by past, current, or future world affairs.''

[[File:Earth-10 Europe v2.png|right|thumb|Earth#10 Europe. Made with https://www.mapchart.net/europe.html]]

Most importantly, there was only one world war, due to von Stauffenberg successfully killing Hitler. This caused the world in Earth#10 to be much more peaceful than it is today, especially with more advances in art.

There is a Northwestern European Union consisting of the Netherlands (called Holland in-universe), France, and the United Kingdom. Belgium did not gain independence from Holland.

The map of Europe is similar to inter-War Europe, with the exceptions of Luxembourg and Belgium never gaining independence.

The People's Republic of China never forms, due to a successful Mao Zedong assassination attempt. China in this world is the ROC.

Decolonization of Africa was never attempted (so Zimbabwe is still called Rhodesia) though the decolonization of Asia was more successful than it is in our world. However, colonial influence led to a new "Eurasian" culture of art and music. To this day, colonial languages in Asia are still widely learned: French in Lata (formerly French Indochina), Dutch in Indonesia, and English in India and Singapore.

The only other differences in territories other than Europe are that Lata is a single country, and that China and Taiwan are united under the ROC.

===Distribution of the languages across the world===

The most spoken languages in this world are French, Mandarin, Hindi, English, Spanish, Arabic, Bengali, Portuguese, Dutch, Ewe, Russian, and Indonesian.

The official languages of the USA are English, French, German, Dutch, and Mandarin Chinese. However, Louisiana has Cajun as its sole official language. Ewe is a trade language in the USA and is a commonly spoken language in the more urban cities.

Canada (called Greater Quebec in-universe) is a Francophone country. The official languages of Australia and New Zealand are now English and Dutch.

Zwischensprache is a minority language in England, Holland, and France. Scots is not a vulnerable language due to Scotland, a puppet state of the United Kingdom, having Scots as its sole official language.

English does not remain a global language, with a more-or-less equal distribution of Mandarin Chinese, English, French, and Dutch-language (and to a lesser extent Indonesian, Tamil, German, and Russian) websites. Mandarin Chinese, in particular, is a commonly-learned language due to its influence in the Earth#10 scientific community.

===Languages of this world that are not in our world===

====Zwischensprache (debatable)====

Called variously ''Interlangue'', ''Tussentaal'', ''the Betweenspeak'', and ''Zwischensprache'' (the name used in this article), it originally was formed as a pidgin language in the 19th to 20th centuries due to frequent contact of people of France, Holland, and the United Kingdom. It has several names due to there not being a standardized grammar or lexicon for the language yet, however, there were a few attempts to do so. It has also been theorized that this forms a dialect continuum with the French and Dutch dialects forming the ends thereof, with the British dialect somewhat in the middle.

====Cajun====

Cajun (formerly Louisiana French) diverged far enough from French that it can be considered a separate language. It is mainly spoken in Louisiana with other Cajun-speaking communities in South America.

====Scots====

Unlike in Earth#12, Scots has a standardized orthography and is a recognized official language of Scotland, and the Scottish community in Earth#10.

====Lenka Kutu====

This is the equivalent of Toki Pona in this universe. It has exactly 256 words, equally distributed between Germanic, Romance, Austronesian, and Sino-Tibetan, with some words from other language families. It is also the official language of the New Pythagorean movement since its adoption in 2011.

===Notable people===

====People with an Earth#12 equivalent====

''(Earth#12 equivalents are in brackets.)''

* Johan/John '''Nystrom''', inventor, engineer, and author, unlike in Earth#12, he is also a composer, popularised 16ed3 (John Nystrom)

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* Carl '''Orff''', German music educator and ethnomusicologist, unlike Earth#12 Carl Orff, he is not a composer and is an ethnomusicologist in Earth#10, popularised equipentatonic instruments in the West (Carl Orff)

* Trevelyan '''Grausson''', 21st century American 16ed3 supporter, clarinet and nielsenphone player (Monocrad)

* Hackett '''Cole''', 21st century music theorist, and unlike in Earth#12 does not work in xenharmonics at all (2^67-1 alias Cole)

* Fitzgerald '''Sweelinck''', 21st century Indonesian-British xenharmonic composer, pioneered the use of the blackwood scale (Fitzgerald Lee)

===People without an Earth#12 equivalent===

* Himmel R. '''Friedman''', American xenharmonic theorist (CompactStar)

* Hackett '''Cole''', 21st century British music theorist, and unlike in Earth#12 does not work in xenharmonics at all (2^67-1 alias Cole)

====People without an Earth#12 equivalent====

* Thomas '''Cunning''', early 19th century English composer

* Christoffel '''Nielsen''', Danish inventor, invented the nielsenphone family

* Temitope '''Ayokunle''', Malian balafon player, popularised an arrangement of two balafons to produce 10edo, picked up by Carl Orff in the West

==~~Music~~==

==See also==

[[Media:Introduction_and_Waltz.mp3|Introduction and Waltz]], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style

[~~[Media~~:~~Introduction and Waltz~~.~~mp3|Introduction and Waltz~~]~~], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style (dated to about 1820)~~

[https://discord.gg/Jn4yWNvU9K Official Earth#10 server]

[[Category:Worldbuilding]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-==Prospective history==
+{{breadcrumb|Beyond the Xenverse}}
-===Classical music===
+{{worldbuilding}}
-During the French Revolution, the music of earlier French composers was abandoned in favour of a purer, "more French", decimal music. The French decimal time caught on and was successful in this timeline and they also decimalized music. The Institution for the Decimal Music in France then "decimalized" several Bach works, as well as Mozart and Haydn sonatas and symphonies though these never caught on.
-The 10-note "French" system spread throughout the entirety of continental Europe within thirty years, with younger composers picking it up and older composers who were accustomed to the older 12edo-adjacent systems vehemently despising it.
-The equivalent of the Second Viennese School in this universe, the New Pythagoreans, were a group of cultists from America and England who believed that the decimal sequences of irrational numbers held the key to greater understanding of the universe, because of 'music of the spheres' and whatnot. The first New Pythagorean composer was William Shanks who was in love with the sequence 4592307816, as it is the first pandigital sequence in pi, and used it as a tone row in his magnum opus, Symphony in Pi. To this day this sequence of intervals is known as the Shanks row or the Shanks motif.
-Then, Arnold Schoenberg (who is American) took up Shanks' idea and, unlike Shanks, used other tone-rows. His students, Scott Mount and Anthony Weaver were also New Pythagorean composers.
-Since some composers weren't happy with neopentatonicism, they decided to make their own style informed by Mozart, which was based on the Durmoll scale (what we call Kleeth), and a dicot-based harmonic system. Many neo-Baroque chorales and chorale collections were written using this system.
-William Shanks viewed nationalism as a catalyst for war, hence he decided to turn to the universal and mathematical world, hence New Pythagoreanism being almost anti-Romanticist. As a result, France and the greater Slavic world decided to adopt New Pythagoreanism, with Les Six and the Five (or the Mighty Handful) becoming major international proponents.
-This attracted many Christian musicians and composers (Scott Mount was one of them). Mount wrote a Mass in 10edo, which was half-dicot-based and half-neopentatonicist, with a few small sections in the New Pythagorean style.
-Hence, works commonly performed by symphony orchestras are from the Romantic onwards, with Classical-period works sparingly performed. Folk music, especially European, American, and African, is also commonly performed, with symphonic versions of these works composed.
-===Jazz music===
-Many African traditions (not sure which ones) developed equipentatonic systems. We take the fact that the French liked 10edo (what they call ‘metric tuning’) so much so that they even promoted it inside their colonies. This initially had more success than expected, due to a common arrangement by some Temitope Ayokunle who proposed the idea of two parallel balafons covering the entire 10edo gamut. This somehow eventually spread to America during the African slave trade and developed a new type of music (still called jazz), but Earth#10 jazz is more adventurous in the fact that they would regard each note of 10edo as equally important and thus they would regard the chromatic gamut as the scale itself. Equally interesting was the use of the [0 3 6 8] chord in 10edo as the main ‘primary’ chord in Earth#10 jazz music.
-Earth#10 jazz music has more African influence in its instrumentation as well, with modern balafons and electric (and acoustic) koras and kamele ngoni being extremely common in jazz and other popular musical styles. As such, European instruments are sparingly used in jazz, and hence the saxophone is more commonly used in the orchestra.
-===Mathematics===
-Due to the influence of Nystrom, hexadecimal (called nystromal in this universe, to distinguish it from "tonal" referring to music) is used as an official number base across the larger cities in Northern Europe, the Northwestern European Union, and some formerly colonial cities in Asia. Nystromal is also used and accepted in most dual-mode calculators and is even used and accepted in many large research journals.
-==Sociopolitical structure of this world==
-'''''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' Anything shown here is meant for this alternate history project, and are not influenced by past, current, or future world affairs.''
-[[File:Earth-10 Europe v2.png|right|thumb|Earth#10 Europe. Made with https://www.mapchart.net/europe.html]]
-Most importantly, there was only one world war, due to von Stauffenberg successfully killing Hitler. This caused the world in Earth#10 to be much more peaceful than it is today, especially with more advances in art.
-There is a Northwestern European Union consisting of the Netherlands (called Holland in-universe), France, and the United Kingdom. Belgium did not gain independence from Holland.
-The map of Europe is similar to one pre-Second World War, with the exceptions of Scotland being independent, and Luxembourg and Belgium never gaining independence.
-The People's Republic of China never forms, due to a successful Mao Zedong assassination attempt. China in this world is the ROC.
-Decolonization of Africa was never attempted (so Zimbabwe is still called Rhodesia) though the decolonization of Asia was more successful than it is in our world. However, colonial influence led to a new "Euro-Asian" culture of art and music. To this day, colonial languages in Asia are still widely learned: French in Lata (formerly French Indochina), Dutch in Indonesia, and English in India and Singapore.
-==Distribution of the languages across the world==
-The official languages of the USA are English, French, German, Dutch, and Mandarin Chinese. However, Louisiana has Cajun as its sole official language. Ewe is a trade language in the USA and is a commonly spoken language in the more urban cities.
-Canada (called Greater Quebec in-universe) is a Francophone country. The official languages of Australia and New Zealand are now English and Dutch.
-Zwischensprache is a minority language in England, Holland, and France. Scots is not a vulnerable language due to Scotland, a puppet state of the United Kingdom, having Scots as its sole official language.
-English does not remain a global language, with a more-or-less equal distribution of Mandarin Chinese, English, French, and Dutch-language (and to a lesser extent Indonesian, Tamil, German, and Russian) websites. Mandarin Chinese, in particular, is a commonly-learned language due to its influence in the Earth#10 scientific community.
-==Languages of this world that are not in our world==
-===Zwischensprache (debatable)===
-Called variously ''Interlangue'', ''Tussentaal'', ''the Betweenspeak'', and ''Zwischensprache'' (the name used in this article), it originally was formed as a pidgin language in the 19th to 20th centuries due to frequent contact of people of France, Holland, and the United Kingdom. It has several names due to there not being a standardized grammar or lexicon for the language yet, however, there were a few attempts to do so. It has also been theorized that this forms a dialect continuum with the French and Dutch dialects forming the ends thereof, with the British dialect somewhat in the middle.
-===Cajun===
-Cajun (formerly Louisiana French) diverged far enough from French that it can be considered a separate language. It is mainly spoken in Louisiana with other Cajun-speaking communities in South America.
-===Lenka Kutu===
-This is the equivalent of Toki Pona in this universe. It has exactly 256 words, equally distributed between Germanic, Romance, Austronesian, and Sino-Tibetan, with some words from other language families. It is also the official language of the New Pythagorean movement since its adoption in 2011.
 ==Music theory==
-The notes are called 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 0 of the 2nd dekatave is written as 0₂ and has a frequency of 115.741 Hz, which is 100 vibrations per new second (1/100000 of a day). Music is written with a jianpu-style notation (called the ''ciphersystem'') which has been adopted worldwide in the early 20th century.
+The notes are called 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 0 of the 2nd dekatave is written as 0₂ and has a frequency of 115.741 Hz, which is 100 vibrations per new second (1/100000 of a day or 0.864 Earth#12 seconds). Music is written with a jianpu-style notation (called the ''ciphersystem'') which has been adopted worldwide in the early 20th century.
 There are three main modes used in composition: dicot[7], called Durmoll (seen above), 5edo, and 10edo. Traditionally the main triad in most classical and folk-style music is taken to be [0 3 6], or what is known here as the neutral triad. This triad on note X is called Xt. Degree arithmetic is assumed to be modulo 10.
@@ Line 84: / Line 18: @@
 Pieces or sections of pieces written in Durmoll or something similar have a strong resemblance to the music of the Classical period and traditional Western harmony is applied accordingly. Modern orchestral works from the Late Romantic onwards use both modes relatively equally.
+Intervals are called the unison, first, second... ninth, dekatave, first-and-dekatave, second-and-dekatave... ninth-and-dekatave, double dekatave.
+The Italian sixth on 0 is [7 0 5], the French sixth is [7 0 2 5], and the German sixth [7 0 3 5]. All resolve to the triad on the sixth above 0.
 ===Notation in modern Earth#10 Ciphersystem===
@@ Line 91: / Line 29: @@
 Notes are written exactly like in jianpu, but with no accidentals and using the numerals 0 to 9 for the note names. The default dekatave number is taken to be the number of the dekatave prescribed by the clef.
+===4-part harmony===
+* A fifth must always be succeeded with a first in the opposite direction.
+* Parallel dekataves and sixths are not allowed (in the usual manner as exposed octaves and fifths in OTL harmony).
+* Exposed dekataves and sixths are not allowed (in the usual manner as exposed octaves and fifths in OTL harmony).
+* Overlapping of voices in similar motion as well as crossing of voices are not allowed (as is in OTL harmony).
 ==Instruments==
+===Keyboard instruments===
+There are two keyboard layouts commonly used today for modern music, the 'English' and 'German' layouts. The 'English' layout is used in New Pythagorean (see below) works and jazz works but the 'German' keyboard is used for classical-style works. Both may be used in the course of a single work.
+[[File:English keyboard.png|right|thumb|The 'English' layout.]]
+[[File:German keyboard.png|right|thumb|The 'German' layout.]]
 ===Bowed string instruments===
@@ Line 240: / Line 191: @@
 * 1 treble flute, 2 alto flutes
-* 2 alto oboes, 1 contra-alto oboe (equivalent to the cor anglais in our timeline)
+* 2 alto oboes, 1 contra-alto oboe
 * 2 alto saxophones, 1 baritone saxophone
 * 2 bassoons, 1 contrabassoon
@@ Line 262: / Line 213: @@
 The pitched percussion section contains, minimally, 1 set of 10 timpani, and 1 metallophone.
-==Notable people==
+==Music==
+[[Media:Introduction and Waltz.mp3|Introduction and Waltz]], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style (dated to about 1820)
+==History of Earth#10 music==
+===Classical music===
+During the French Revolution, the music of earlier French composers was abandoned in favour of a purer, "more French", decimal music. The French decimal time caught on and was successful in this timeline and they also decimalized music. The Institution for the Decimal Music in France then "decimalized" several Bach works, as well as Mozart and Haydn sonatas and symphonies though these never caught on.
+The 10-note "French" system spread throughout the entirety of continental Europe within thirty years, with younger composers picking it up and older composers who were accustomed to the older 12edo-adjacent systems vehemently despising it.
+The equivalent of the Second Viennese School in this universe, the New Pythagoreans, were a group of cultists from America and England who believed that the decimal sequences of irrational numbers held the key to greater understanding of the universe, because of 'music of the spheres' and whatnot. The first New Pythagorean composer was William Shanks who was in love with the sequence 4592307816, as it is the first pandigital sequence in pi, and used it as a tone row in his magnum opus, Symphony in Pi. To this day this sequence of intervals is known as the Shanks row or the Shanks motif.
+Then, Arnold Schoenberg (who is American) took up Shanks' idea and, unlike Shanks, used other tone-rows. His students, Scott Mount and Anthony Weaver were also New Pythagorean composers.
-===People with an Earth#12 equivalent===
+Since some composers weren't happy with neopentatonicism, they decided to make their own style informed by Mozart, which was based on the Durmoll scale (what we call Kleeth), and a dicot-based harmonic system. Many neo-Baroque chorales and chorale collections were written using this system.
+William Shanks viewed nationalism as a catalyst for war, hence he decided to turn to the universal and mathematical world, hence New Pythagoreanism being almost anti-Romanticist. As a result, France and the greater Slavic world decided to adopt New Pythagoreanism, with Les Six and the Five (or the Mighty Handful) becoming major international proponents.
+This attracted many Christian musicians and composers (Scott Mount was one of them). Mount wrote a Mass in 10edo, which was half-dicot-based and half-neopentatonicist, with a few small sections in the New Pythagorean style.
+Hence, works commonly performed by symphony orchestras are from the Romantic onwards, with Classical-period works sparingly performed. Folk music, especially European, American, and African, is also commonly performed, with symphonic versions of these works composed.
+===Jazz music===
+Many African traditions (not sure which ones) developed equipentatonic systems. We take the fact that the French liked 10edo (what they call ‘metric tuning’) so much so that they even promoted it inside their colonies. This initially had more success than expected, due to a common arrangement by some Temitope Ayokunle who proposed the idea of two parallel balafons covering the entire 10edo gamut. This somehow eventually spread to America during the African slave trade and developed a new type of music (still called jazz), but Earth#10 jazz is more adventurous in the fact that they would regard each note of 10edo as equally important and thus they would regard the chromatic gamut as the scale itself. Equally interesting was the use of the [0 3 6 8] chord in 10edo as the main ‘primary’ chord in Earth#10 jazz music.
+Earth#10 jazz music has more African influence in its instrumentation as well, with modern balafons and electric (and acoustic) koras and kamele ngoni being extremely common in jazz and other popular musical styles. As such, European instruments are sparingly used in jazz, and hence the saxophone is more commonly used in the orchestra.
+== Non-musical worldbuilding ==
+===Mathematics===
+Due to the influence of Nystrom, hexadecimal (called nystromal in this universe, to distinguish it from "tonal" referring to music) is used as an official number base across the larger cities in Northern Europe, the Northwestern European Union, and some formerly colonial cities in Asia. Nystromal is also used and accepted in most dual-mode calculators and is even used and accepted in many large research journals.
+===Sociopolitical structure of this world===
+'''''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' Anything shown here is meant for this alternate history project, and are not influenced by past, current, or future world affairs.''
+[[File:Earth-10 Europe v2.png|right|thumb|Earth#10 Europe. Made with https://www.mapchart.net/europe.html]]
+Most importantly, there was only one world war, due to von Stauffenberg successfully killing Hitler. This caused the world in Earth#10 to be much more peaceful than it is today, especially with more advances in art.
+There is a Northwestern European Union consisting of the Netherlands (called Holland in-universe), France, and the United Kingdom. Belgium did not gain independence from Holland.
+The map of Europe is similar to inter-War Europe, with the exceptions of Luxembourg and Belgium never gaining independence.
+The People's Republic of China never forms, due to a successful Mao Zedong assassination attempt. China in this world is the ROC.
+Decolonization of Africa was never attempted (so Zimbabwe is still called Rhodesia) though the decolonization of Asia was more successful than it is in our world. However, colonial influence led to a new "Eurasian" culture of art and music. To this day, colonial languages in Asia are still widely learned: French in Lata (formerly French Indochina), Dutch in Indonesia, and English in India and Singapore.
+The only other differences in territories other than Europe are that Lata is a single country, and that China and Taiwan are united under the ROC.
+===Distribution of the languages across the world===
+The most spoken languages in this world are French, Mandarin, Hindi, English, Spanish, Arabic, Bengali, Portuguese, Dutch, Ewe, Russian, and Indonesian.
+The official languages of the USA are English, French, German, Dutch, and Mandarin Chinese. However, Louisiana has Cajun as its sole official language. Ewe is a trade language in the USA and is a commonly spoken language in the more urban cities.
+Canada (called Greater Quebec in-universe) is a Francophone country. The official languages of Australia and New Zealand are now English and Dutch.
+Zwischensprache is a minority language in England, Holland, and France. Scots is not a vulnerable language due to Scotland, a puppet state of the United Kingdom, having Scots as its sole official language.
+English does not remain a global language, with a more-or-less equal distribution of Mandarin Chinese, English, French, and Dutch-language (and to a lesser extent Indonesian, Tamil, German, and Russian) websites. Mandarin Chinese, in particular, is a commonly-learned language due to its influence in the Earth#10 scientific community.
+===Languages of this world that are not in our world===
+====Zwischensprache (debatable)====
+Called variously ''Interlangue'', ''Tussentaal'', ''the Betweenspeak'', and ''Zwischensprache'' (the name used in this article), it originally was formed as a pidgin language in the 19th to 20th centuries due to frequent contact of people of France, Holland, and the United Kingdom. It has several names due to there not being a standardized grammar or lexicon for the language yet, however, there were a few attempts to do so. It has also been theorized that this forms a dialect continuum with the French and Dutch dialects forming the ends thereof, with the British dialect somewhat in the middle.
+====Cajun====
+Cajun (formerly Louisiana French) diverged far enough from French that it can be considered a separate language. It is mainly spoken in Louisiana with other Cajun-speaking communities in South America.
+====Scots====
+Unlike in Earth#12, Scots has a standardized orthography and is a recognized official language of Scotland, and the Scottish community in Earth#10.
+====Lenka Kutu====
+This is the equivalent of Toki Pona in this universe. It has exactly 256 words, equally distributed between Germanic, Romance, Austronesian, and Sino-Tibetan, with some words from other language families. It is also the official language of the New Pythagorean movement since its adoption in 2011.
+===Notable people===
+====People with an Earth#12 equivalent====
 ''(Earth#12 equivalents are in brackets.)''
 * Johan/John '''Nystrom''', inventor, engineer, and author, unlike in Earth#12, he is also a composer, popularised 16ed3 (John Nystrom)
@@ Line 276: / Line 312: @@
 * Carl '''Orff''', German music educator and ethnomusicologist, unlike Earth#12 Carl Orff, he is not a composer and is an ethnomusicologist in Earth#10, popularised equipentatonic instruments in the West (Carl Orff)
 * Trevelyan '''Grausson''', 21st century American 16ed3 supporter, clarinet and nielsenphone player (Monocrad)
-* Hackett '''Cole''', 21st century music theorist, and unlike in Earth#12 does not work in xenharmonics at all (2^67-1 alias Cole)
+* Fitzgerald '''Sweelinck''', 21st century Indonesian-British xenharmonic composer, pioneered the use of the blackwood scale (Fitzgerald Lee)
-===People without an Earth#12 equivalent===
+* Himmel R. '''Friedman''', American xenharmonic theorist (CompactStar)
+* Hackett '''Cole''', 21st century British music theorist, and unlike in Earth#12 does not work in xenharmonics at all (2^67-1 alias Cole)
+====People without an Earth#12 equivalent====
 * Thomas '''Cunning''', early 19th century English composer
 * Christoffel '''Nielsen''', Danish inventor, invented the nielsenphone family
 * Temitope '''Ayokunle''', Malian balafon player, popularised an arrangement of two balafons to produce 10edo, picked up by Carl Orff in the West
-==Music==
+==See also==
+[[Media:Introduction_and_Waltz.mp3|Introduction and Waltz]], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style
-[[Media:Introduction and Waltz.mp3|Introduction and Waltz]], a short piece by Thomas Cunning, in the neopentatonicist style (dated to about 1820)
+[https://discord.gg/Jn4yWNvU9K Official Earth#10 server]
 [[Category:Worldbuilding]]