Harmonic series: Difference between revisions
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| en = Harmonic series | |||
| de = Obertonreihe | | de = Obertonreihe | ||
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{{Wikipedia|Harmonic series (music)}} | {{Wikipedia|Harmonic series (music)}} | ||
The '''harmonic series''' is a sequence of [[Pitch|tone]]s generated by whole-number frequency [[ratio]]s over a fundamental: [[1/1]], [[2/1]], [[3/1]], [[4/1]], [[5/1]], [[6/1]], [[7/1]]… ad infinitum. Each member of this series is a [[harmonic]] (which is short for "harmonic partial"). | |||
The '''harmonic series''' is a sequence of | |||
Note that the terms ''overtone'' and '''overtone series''' are not quite synonymous with ''harmonic'' and ''harmonic series'', respectively, although interchangeable usage is also attested. Technically speaking, ''overtone series'' excludes the starting fundamental, so the 2nd harmonic is the 1st overtone. Because of that distinction, the math of the "overtone series" is off by one. So, "harmonic series" is arguably the preferred standard. | Note that the terms ''overtone'' and '''overtone series''' are not quite synonymous with ''harmonic'' and ''harmonic series'', respectively, although interchangeable usage is also attested. Technically speaking, ''overtone series'' excludes the starting fundamental, so the 2nd harmonic is the 1st overtone. Because of that distinction, the math of the "overtone series" is off by one. So, "harmonic series" is arguably the preferred standard. | ||
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The [[subharmonic series]] (or undertone series) is the inversion of the harmonic series: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum. | The [[subharmonic series]] (or undertone series) is the inversion of the harmonic series: 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7... ad infinitum. | ||
[[File:HEJI harmonics 1-16.png|thumb|center|650px|Harmonic series on A, partials 1 to 16, notated in [[HEJI]].]] | |||
== Chord of nature == | |||
{{Wikipedia|Klang (music)}} | |||
Treated as a [[chord]], the harmonic series is sometimes called the '''chord of nature'''; in German this has been called the '''Klang'''. | |||
The ''q''-limit chord of nature is 1:2:3:4:...:''q'' up to some odd number ''q'', and is the basic ''q''-[[limit]] [[Otonality and utonality|otonality]] which can be equated via [[Octave reduction|octave equivalence]] to other versions of the complete ''q''-limit otonal chord. | |||
== Music based on the harmonic series == | == Music based on the harmonic series == | ||
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* Tuning to the overtones of the overtones & the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as [[Harry Partch]]'s 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called "just intonation" than "overtone music".) | * Tuning to the overtones of the overtones & the undertones of the undertones. (This can produce complex scales such as [[Harry Partch]]'s 43-tone Monophonic; this kind of thing is more often called "just intonation" than "overtone music".) | ||
== | == Music == | ||
; [[Richard Burdick]] | |||
* [http://www.i-ching-music.com/FREE102.html ''Planetary Ripples'']{{dead link}} | |||
; [[Folkart Slovakia]] ([http://www.fujara.sk/audio_samples.htm site]) | |||
* Various played with Fujara (slovak overtone flute) | |||
; {{w|Georg Friedrich Haas}} | |||
* Various<sup>[''which?'']</sup> | |||
; [[Dave Hill]] | |||
* [http://sonic-arts.org/hill/10-passages-ji/10-passages-ji.htm ''Chord Progression on the Harmonic Overtone Series'']{{dead link}} [http://sonic-arts.org/hill/10-passages-ji/06_hill_chord-progression-on-harmonic-series.mp3 play]{{dead link}} | |||
; [[Norbert Oldani]] | |||
* ''[http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Oldani/DroneInsideAnHarmonicSeries.mp3 Drone Inside An Harmonic Series]''{{dead link}} | |||
; [[Dave Seidel]] | |||
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/18/threnody ''Threnody'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127015923/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Threnody.mp3 play] | |||
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/22/owllight ''Owllight'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012201/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Owllight.mp3 play] | |||
* [http://mysterybear.net/article/23/palimpsest ''Palimsest'']{{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012920/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Seidel/Palimpsest.mp3 play] | |||
; [[William Sethares]] | |||
* ''Immanent Sphere'' – [https://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/mp3s/immanent.html detail] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127013148/http://clones.soonlabel.com/public/micro/gene_ward_smith/Others/Sethares/ImmanentSphere.mp3 play] | |||
; [[SoundWell]] ([http://www.soundwell.com/en/music site]) | |||
* Various ("Snake" overtone flute) | |||
; [[Spectral Voices]] ([http://www.spectralvoices.com/ site]) | |||
* Various (meditative new age with overtone singing) | |||
; [[Stimmhorn]] ([http://www.stimmhorn.ch/ site]) | |||
* Various (experimental alphorn and yodeling combined with overtone singing) | |||
; {{w|Karlheinz Stockhausen}} | |||
* {{w|Stimmung|''Stimmung''}} (1968) | |||
* {{w|Sternklang|''Sternklang''}} (1971) | |||
; [[Cam Taylor]] | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECLEbVXoTvA Harmonic series 4-8, 8-16 and 16-32 on the Lumatone] (2022) | |||
; [[Chris Vaisvil]] | |||
* ''Rock Trio in Harmonic Series'' (2016) – [http://chrisvaisvil.com/rock-trio-in-harmonic-series/ blog] | [http://micro.soonlabel.com/harmonic_series/Nevadatite20160226_harmonic_band.mp3 play] | |||
; {{w|Glenn Branca}} ([http://www.glennbranca.com/ site]) | |||
* ''Symphony No. 3 "Gloria"'' (1983) | |||
* | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
*[[Subharmonic series]] | * [[Subharmonic series]] | ||
* [[Gallery of just intervals]] | * [[Gallery of just intervals]] | ||
* [[Isoharmonic chords]] | * [[Isoharmonic chords]] | ||
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* [[Mike Sheiman's Very Easy Scale Building From The Harmonic Series Page]] | * [[Mike Sheiman's Very Easy Scale Building From The Harmonic Series Page]] | ||
* [[8th Octave Overtone Tuning]] | * [[8th Octave Overtone Tuning]] | ||
* [[Johannes Kotschy]] | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
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[[Category:Harmonic]] | [[Category:Harmonic]] | ||
[[Category:Listen]] | [[Category:Listen]] | ||
[[Category:Terms]] | |||