Regular temperament: Difference between revisions

FAQ: RTT specifically approximates stacking-based JI; +links to optimization and others
FAQ: "arbitrary" > "diverse"; improve explanation of rank
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Although the concept of regular temperament is centuries old and predates much of modern mathematics, members of the Yahoo! Alternative Tuning List have developed a particular form of numerical shorthand for describing the properties of temperaments. The most important of these are [[val]]s ([[mapping]]s), [[monzo]]s and [[tempering out|tempering out comma]]s, which any student of the modern regular temperament paradigm should become familiar with. These concepts are rather straightforward and require little math to understand.
Although the concept of regular temperament is centuries old and predates much of modern mathematics, members of the Yahoo! Alternative Tuning List have developed a particular form of numerical shorthand for describing the properties of temperaments. The most important of these are [[val]]s ([[mapping]]s), [[monzo]]s and [[tempering out|tempering out comma]]s, which any student of the modern regular temperament paradigm should become familiar with. These concepts are rather straightforward and require little math to understand.


The [[rank]] of a temperament equals the number of primes in the subgroup minus the number of linearly independent (i.e. non-redundant) commas that are tempered out.
The [[rank]] of a temperament is its dimension. It equals the number of primes in the subgroup minus the number of independent commas that are tempered out.


Another recent contribution to the field of temperament is the concept of [[optimization]], which can take many forms. The point of optimization is to minimize the difference between a temperament and JI by finding an optimal tuning for the generator. The two most frequently used forms of optimization are [[POTE tuning|POTE]] ("Pure-Octave Tenney-Euclidean") and [[TOP tuning|TOP]] ("Tenney OPtimal", or "Tempered Octaves, Please"). Optimization is rather intensive mathematically, but it is seldom left as an exercise to the reader; most temperaments are presented here in their optimal forms in terms of POTE generators. In addition, for each temperament there is a [[Optimal GPV sequence|sequence of equal temperaments]] showing possible [[equal-step tuning]]s in the order of better accuracy.  
Another recent contribution to the field of temperament is the concept of [[optimization]], which can take many forms. The point of optimization is to minimize the difference between a temperament and JI by finding an optimal tuning for the generator. The two most frequently used forms of optimization are [[POTE tuning|POTE]] ("Pure-Octave Tenney-Euclidean") and [[TOP tuning|TOP]] ("Tenney OPtimal", or "Tempered Octaves, Please"). Optimization is rather intensive mathematically, but it is seldom left as an exercise to the reader; most temperaments are presented here in their optimal forms in terms of POTE generators. In addition, for each temperament there is a [[Optimal GPV sequence|sequence of equal temperaments]] showing possible [[equal-step tuning]]s in the order of better accuracy.  


Each temperament has two names: a traditional name and a [[Color notation|color name]]. The traditional names are [[Temperament Names|arbitrary]], but the color names are systematic and rigorous, and the comma(s) can be deduced from the color name. Wa = 3-limit, yo = 5-over, gu = 5-under, zo = 7-over, and ru = 7-under. See also [[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Notation/Temperament Names]].  
Each temperament has two names: a traditional name and a [[Color notation|color name]]. The traditional names are diverse in terms of [[Temperament names|sources]], whereas the color names are systematic and rigorous, and the comma(s) can be deduced from the color name. Wa = 3-limit, yo = 5-over, gu = 5-under, zo = 7-over, and ru = 7-under. See also [[Color notation/Temperament Names|Color Notation/Temperament Names]].  


Yet another recent development is the concept of a [[pergen]], appearing [[Tour of Regular Temperaments|here]] as (P8, P5/2) or somesuch. Every rank-2, rank-3, rank-4, etc. temperament has a pergen, which specifies the period and the generator(s). Assuming the prime subgroup includes both 2 and 3, a rank-2 temperament's period is either an octave or some fraction of it, and its generator is either a 5th or some fraction of some 3-limit interval. Since both period and generator are conventional musical intervals or some fractions of them, the pergen gives great insight into notating a temperament. Several temperaments may share the same pergen, in fact, every strong extension of a temperament has the same pergen as the original temperament. Thus pergens classify temperaments but don't uniquely identify them. "c" in a pergen means compound (widened by one octave), e.g. ccP5 is a 5th plus two 8ves, or 6/1.
Yet another recent development is the concept of a [[pergen]], appearing [[Tour of Regular Temperaments|here]] as (P8, P5/2) or somesuch. Every rank-2, rank-3, rank-4, etc. temperament has a pergen, which specifies the period and the generator(s). Assuming the prime subgroup includes both 2 and 3, a rank-2 temperament's period is either an octave or some fraction of it, and its generator is either a 5th or some fraction of some 3-limit interval. Since both period and generator are conventional musical intervals or some fractions of them, the pergen gives great insight into notating a temperament. Several temperaments may share the same pergen, in fact, every strong extension of a temperament has the same pergen as the original temperament. Thus pergens classify temperaments but don't uniquely identify them. "c" in a pergen means compound (widened by one octave), e.g. ccP5 is a 5th plus two 8ves, or 6/1.