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List of approaches to musical tuning: Difference between revisions

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This is a partial list of currently-established theories and approaches related to tuning.
Musical [[tuning]] can be approached in many different ways. Here are some of the currently-established theories and approaches.


*[[Just Intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the [[harmonic series]], integer frequency ratios, [[tonality diamond]]s, [[combination product sets]], [[Fokker blocks]] etc.
* [[Just intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: the [[harmonic series]], integer frequency ratios, [[tonality diamond]]s, [[combination product sets]], [[Fokker blocks]], [[primodality]], etc.
*[[Generalized overtone tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.
* [[Generalized overtone tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g. the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series.
*[[Equal-step tuning]]: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals.
* [[Equal-step tuning]]s: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals. These include [[edo]]s (equal divisions of the octave), but also many [[nonoctave]] tunings (sometimes called [[edonoi]]).
*[[Historical_Western_Temperaments|Historical Western Temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[Pythagorean]] and [[Meantone|meantone tunings]] and [[Circulating_Temperaments|circulating temperaments]] in Western common practice music.
* [[Historical temperaments|Historical western temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[Pythagorean]] and [[meantone]] tunings and [[well temperament]]s in Western common practice music.
*Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures
* Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures
**[[Arabic,_Turkish,_Persian|Arabic, Turkish, Persian]]
** [[Arabic, Turkish, Persian]]
**[[Indian|Indian]] (North, South)
** [[Indian]] (North, South)
**[[African|African]]
** [[African]]
**Thai
** [[Wikipedia:Music of Thailand|Thai]]
**[[Pre-Columbian_South_American_Music|Pre-Columbian South American]] (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec..)
** [[Pre-Columbian South American Music|Pre-Columbian South American]] (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec..)
**[[Indonesian|Indonesian]] (Java, Bali)
** [[Indonesian]] (Java, Bali)
**[[wikipedia:Musical_system_of_ancient_Greece|Ancient Greek]], [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale Byzantine]
** [[Wikipedia:Musical_system_of_ancient_Greece|Ancient Greek]], [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale Byzantine]
**[[Georgian|Georgian]]
** [[Georgian]]
*[[Regular_Temperaments|Regular Temperaments]]: (including Linear Temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which Just Intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires
* [[Regular temperament]]s: (including linear temperaments): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which just intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires
*[[MOSScales|Moment of Symmetry]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.
* [[MOS scale|Moment of symmetry (MOS)]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes.
*[[Empirical|Empirical]]: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.
* [[Tetrachord|Tetrachordal scales]]: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.
*[[tetrachord|Tetrachordal Scales]]: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition.
* [[Isoharmonic chords]]: the use of chords with an equal harmonic difference between the pitches as building blocks for scales.
*[[isoharmonic_chords|Isoharmonic chords/scales]]
*[[Pretty_Pictures|Pretty Pictures]] that represent scales in one way or another
*[[Notation|Notation]] (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)
*[[Nominal-Accidental_Chains|Nominal-Accidental Chains]] A common approach to notation
*the notion of a [[Scalesmith|Scalesmith]] who ''builds'' scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions
**Mathematically based scales
**Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)
**Scale transformation and stretching
**Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales


[[Category:overview]]
The following approaches describe the subjective exploration process or its representations rather than its objective, audible result:
[[Category:practice]]
[[Category:theory]]
[[Category:tuning]]


{{Todo| cleanup }}
* [[Empirical]]: This is a form of hands-on field research as opposed to a form of acoustical or scale engineering, where tunings are specifically derived from listening and playing experiments carried out in the pitch continuum.
* [[Pretty Pictures]] that represent scales in one way or another
* [[Notation]] (pretty pictures for the purpose of writing music down)
* [[Nominal-Accidental Chains]] A common approach to notation
* The notion of a [[Scalesmith]] who ''builds'' scales, with various methods, perhaps for single occasions
** Mathematically based scales
** Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example)
** Scale transformation and stretching
** Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales
 
[[Category:Overview]]
[[Category:Practice]]
[[Category:Theory]]
[[Category:Tuning]]
 
{{Todo|cleanup}}
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