Syntonic–chromatic equivalence continuum: Difference between revisions
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The '''syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum''' is a continuum of temperaments which equate a number of [[81/80|syntonic commas (81/80)]] with the [[2187/2048|apotome (2187/2048)]]. | The '''syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum''' is a [[equivalence continuum|continuum]] of [[5-limit]] [[regular temperament|temperaments]] which equate a number of [[81/80|syntonic commas (81/80)]] with the [[2187/2048|apotome (2187/2048)]]. | ||
All temperaments in the continuum satisfy (81/80)<sup>''n''</sup> ~ 2187/2048. Varying ''n'' results in different temperaments listed in the table below. It converges to [[meantone]] as ''n'' approaches infinity. If we allow non-integer and infinite ''n'', the continuum describes the set of all [[5-limit]] temperaments supported by [[7edo]] due to it being the unique equal temperament that tempers both commas and thus tempers all combinations of them. The just value of ''n'' is 5.2861…, and temperaments near this tend to be the most accurate ones. | All temperaments in the continuum satisfy (81/80)<sup>''n''</sup> ~ 2187/2048. Varying ''n'' results in different temperaments listed in the table below. It converges to [[meantone]] as ''n'' approaches infinity. If we allow non-integer and infinite ''n'', the continuum describes the set of all [[5-limit]] temperaments supported by [[7edo]] due to it being the unique equal temperament that tempers both commas and thus tempers all combinations of them. The just value of ''n'' is 5.2861…, and temperaments near this tend to be the most accurate ones. | ||
2187/2048 is the characteristic [[3-limit]] comma tempered out in [[7edo]]. In each case, we notice that ''n'' equals the order of harmonic 5 in the corresponding comma, and equals the number of steps to obtain | 2187/2048 is the characteristic [[3-limit]] comma tempered out in [[7edo]]. In each case, we notice that ''n'' equals the order of [[5/1|harmonic 5]] in the corresponding comma, and equals the number of steps to obtain the interval class of [[3/1|harmonic 3]] in the generator chain. | ||
However, if we let ''k'' = ''n'' - 2 (meaning ''n'' = ''k'' + 2) so that ''k'' = 0 means ''n'' = 2, ''k'' = -1 means ''n'' = 1, etc. then the continuum corresponds to (81/80)<sup>''k''</sup> = 25/24. Some prefer this way of conceptualising it because: | However, if we let ''k'' = ''n'' - 2 (meaning ''n'' = ''k'' + 2) so that ''k'' = 0 means ''n'' = 2, ''k'' = -1 means ''n'' = 1, etc. then the continuum corresponds to (81/80)<sup>''k''</sup> = 25/24. Some prefer this way of conceptualising it because: | ||
* 25/24 is the classic chromatic semitone, notable in the 5-limit as the difference between 5/4 and 6/5, so this shifted continuum could also logically be termed the "syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum". This means that at ''k'' = 0, 5/4 and 6/5 are mapped to the same interval while 81/80 becomes independent of 25/24 (meaning 81/80 may or may not be tempered) because the relation becomes (81/80)<sup>0</sup> ~ 1/1 ~ 25/24. | * 25/24 is the classic chromatic semitone, notable in the 5-limit as the difference between 5/4 and 6/5, so this shifted continuum could also logically be termed the "syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum". This means that at ''k'' = 0, 5/4 and 6/5 are mapped to the same interval while 81/80 becomes independent of 25/24 (meaning 81/80 may or may not be tempered) because the relation becomes (81/80)<sup>0</sup> ~ 1/1 ~ 25/24. | ||
* ''k'' = 1 and upwards | * ''k'' = 1 and upwards up to a point represent temperaments with the potential for reasonably good accuracy as equating at least one 81/80 with 25/24 seems like a good lower bound for a temperament intended to model JI. A good upper bound might be gravity (''k'' = 4), with the only exception being meantone (''n'' = ''k'' = unsigned infinity). Temperaments corresponding to ''k'' = 0, -1, -2 are comparatively low-accuracy to the point of developing various intriguing structures and consequences. | ||
* 25/24 is the simplest ratio to be tempered in the continuum, the second simplest being 81/80 at | * 25/24 is the simplest ratio to be tempered in the continuum, the second simplest being 81/80 at unsigned infinity, which together are the two smallest 5-limit [[List of superparticular intervals|superparticular intervals]] and the only superparticular intervals in the continuum. | ||
{| class="wikitable center-1 center-2" | {| class="wikitable center-1 center-2" | ||
Revision as of 13:58, 11 July 2024
The syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum is a continuum of 5-limit temperaments which equate a number of syntonic commas (81/80) with the apotome (2187/2048).
All temperaments in the continuum satisfy (81/80)n ~ 2187/2048. Varying n results in different temperaments listed in the table below. It converges to meantone as n approaches infinity. If we allow non-integer and infinite n, the continuum describes the set of all 5-limit temperaments supported by 7edo due to it being the unique equal temperament that tempers both commas and thus tempers all combinations of them. The just value of n is 5.2861…, and temperaments near this tend to be the most accurate ones.
2187/2048 is the characteristic 3-limit comma tempered out in 7edo. In each case, we notice that n equals the order of harmonic 5 in the corresponding comma, and equals the number of steps to obtain the interval class of harmonic 3 in the generator chain.
However, if we let k = n - 2 (meaning n = k + 2) so that k = 0 means n = 2, k = -1 means n = 1, etc. then the continuum corresponds to (81/80)k = 25/24. Some prefer this way of conceptualising it because:
- 25/24 is the classic chromatic semitone, notable in the 5-limit as the difference between 5/4 and 6/5, so this shifted continuum could also logically be termed the "syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum". This means that at k = 0, 5/4 and 6/5 are mapped to the same interval while 81/80 becomes independent of 25/24 (meaning 81/80 may or may not be tempered) because the relation becomes (81/80)0 ~ 1/1 ~ 25/24.
- k = 1 and upwards up to a point represent temperaments with the potential for reasonably good accuracy as equating at least one 81/80 with 25/24 seems like a good lower bound for a temperament intended to model JI. A good upper bound might be gravity (k = 4), with the only exception being meantone (n = k = unsigned infinity). Temperaments corresponding to k = 0, -1, -2 are comparatively low-accuracy to the point of developing various intriguing structures and consequences.
- 25/24 is the simplest ratio to be tempered in the continuum, the second simplest being 81/80 at unsigned infinity, which together are the two smallest 5-limit superparticular intervals and the only superparticular intervals in the continuum.
| k | n | Temperament | Comma | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio | Monzo | |||
| -5 | -3 | Nadir | 1162261467/1048576000 | [-23 19 -3⟩ |
| -4 | -2 | Nethertone | 14348907/13107200 | [-19 15 -2⟩ |
| -3 | -1 | Deeptone a.k.a. tragicomical | 177147/163840 | [-15 11 -1⟩ |
| -2 | 0 | Whitewood | 2187/2048 | [-11 7⟩ |
| -1 | 1 | Mavila | 135/128 | [-7 3 1⟩ |
| 0 | 2 | Dicot | 25/24 | [-3 -1 2⟩ |
| 1 | 3 | Porcupine | 250/243 | [1 -5 3⟩ |
| 2 | 4 | Tetracot | 20000/19683 | [5 -9 4⟩ |
| 3 | 5 | Amity | 1600000/1594323 | [9 -13 5⟩ |
| 4 | 6 | Gravity | 129140163/128000000 | [-13 17 -6⟩ |
| 5 | 7 | Absurdity | 10460353203/10240000000 | [-17 21 -7⟩ |
| … | … | … | … | |
| ∞ | ∞ | Meantone | 81/80 | [-4 4 -1⟩ |
We may invert the continuum by setting m such that 1/m + 1/n = 1. This may be called the mavila/pelogic-chromatic equivalence continuum, which is essentially the same thing. The just value of m is 1.2333…
| m | Temperament | Comma | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio | Monzo | ||
| -1 | Shallowtone | 295245/262144 | [-18 10 1⟩ |
| 0 | Whitewood | 2187/2048 | [-11 7⟩ |
| 1 | Meantone | 81/80 | [-4 4 -1⟩ |
| 2 | Dicot | 25/24 | [-3 -1 2⟩ |
| 3 | Enipucrop | 1125/1024 | [-10 2 3⟩ |
| … | … | … | … |
| ∞ | Mavila | 135/128 | [-7 3 1⟩ |
| Temperament | n | m |
|---|---|---|
| Seville | 7/3 = 2.3 | 7/4 = 1.75 |
| Sixix | 5/2 = 2.5 | 5/3 = 1.6 |
| Sevond | 7/2 = 3.5 | 7/5 = 1.4 |
| Artoneutral | 9/2 = 4.5 | 9/7 = 1.285714 |
| Brahmagupta | 21/4 = 5.25 | 21/17 = 1.235… |
| Raider | 37/7 = 5.285714 | 37/30 = 1.23 |
| Geb | 16/3 = 5.3 | 16/13 = 1.230769 |
| Undetrita | 11/2 = 5.5 | 11/9 = 1.2 |
Enipucrop
Enipucrop corresponds to n = 3/2 and m = 3, and can be described as the 6b & 7 temperament. Its name is porcupine spelled backwards, because that is what this temperament is – it is porcupine, with the generator sharp of 2\7 such that the major and minor thirds switch places. The fifths are very flat, meaning that this is more of a melodic temperament than a harmonic one.
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 1125/1024
Mapping: [⟨1 2 2], ⟨0 -3 2]]
Optimal tuning (POTE): ~2 = 1/1, ~16/15 = 173.101
Badness: 0.1439
Absurdity
Absurdity corresponds to n = 7, and can be described as the 77 & 84 temperament, so named because it truly is an absurd temperament. The generator is ~81/80 and the period is ~800/729, which is (10/9) / (81/80).
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 10460353203/10240000000
Mapping: [⟨7 0 -17], ⟨0 1 3]]
- mapping generators: ~800/729, ~3
Optimal tuning (POTE): ~800/729 = 1\7, ~3/2 = 700.1870 (or ~81/80 = 14.4727)
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 70, 77, 84, 329
Badness: 0.341202
Artoneutral
5-limit artoneutral is generated by ~243/200 (or ~400/243), same as that of amity but sharper. This corresponds to n = 9/2 and m = 9/7 and can be described as the 87 & 94 temperament.
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: [14 -22 9⟩
Mapping: [⟨1 8 18], ⟨0 -9 -22]]
- mapping generators: ~2, ~400/243
Optimal tuning (POTE): ~2 = 1\1, ~400/243 = 855.2127
Optimal ET sequence: 7, … 73, 80, 87
Badness: 0.348
Sevond
Sevond is a fairly obvious temperament; it just equates a stack of seven ~10/9's with ~2/1, hence the period is ~10/9. One generator from 5\7 puts you at ~3/2, two generators from 2\7 puts you at ~5/4. This corresponds to n = 7/2 and m = 7/5 and can be described as the 56 & 63 temperament.
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 5000000/4782969
Mapping: [⟨7 0 -6], ⟨0 1 2]]
Optimal tuning (POTE): ~10/9 = 1\7, ~3/2 = 706.288
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 42, 49, 56, 119
Badness: 0.339335
Seville
Seville is similar to sevond, but provides a less complex avenue to 5, but this time at the cost of accuracy. One generator from 5\7 puts you at ~3/2, and one generator from 2\7 puts you at ~5/4. This corresponds to n = 7/3 and m = 7/4.
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 78125/69984
Mapping: [⟨7 0 5], ⟨0 1 1]]
Optimal tuning (POTE): ~125/108 = 1\7, ~3/2 = 706.410
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 35b, 42c, 49c, 56cc, 119cccc
Badness: 0.4377
Deeptone a.k.a. tragicomical
Deeptone is generated by a fifth, which is typically sharper than in 7edo but flatter than in flattone. The ~5/4 is reached by eleven fifths octave-reduced, which is an augmented third (C-E#).
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 177147/163840
Mapping: [⟨1 0 -15], ⟨0 1 11]]
- mapping generators: ~2, ~3
Optimal tuning (CTE): ~2/1 = 1\1, ~3/2 = 689.8791
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 33, 40, 47, 54b
Badness: 0.403
Shallowtone
- For 7-limit extensions, see Mint temperaments #Shallowtone.
Shallowtone is generated by a fifth, which is typically sharper than in mavila but flatter than in 7edo. The ~5/4 is reached by minus ten fifths octave-reduced, which is an augmented third (C-Ex) in melodic antidiatonic notation and a diminished third (C-Ebb) in harmonic antidiatonic notation.
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 295245/262144
Mapping: [⟨1 0 18], ⟨0 1 -10]]
- mapping generators: ~2, ~3
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 30b, 37b, 44b, 51b, 58bc, 65bbc
Badness: 0.666
Nethertone
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 14348907/13107200
Mapping: [⟨1 1 -1], ⟨0 2 15]]
- mapping generators: ~2, ~2560/2187
Optimal tuning (CTE): 2/1 = 1\1, ~2560/2187 = 345.9462
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 38c, 45c, 52, 59b, 66b
Badness: 0.828
Nadir
Subgroup: 2.3.5
Comma list: 1162261467/1048576000
Mapping: [⟨1 2 5], ⟨0 -3 -19]]
- mapping generators: ~2, ~729/640
Optimal tuning (CTE): 2/1 = 1\1, ~729/640 = 168.9826
Optimal ET sequence: 7, 57c, 64, 71b, 78b, 85b
Badness: 1.47