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{{Wikipedia|Alpha scale}}
{{Wikipedia|Alpha scale}}
'''Carlos Alpha''' is a non-octave [[equal temperament]] with step size about 77.965{{cent}} in the standard tuning<ref>Wendy Carlos, "Tuning: At the Crossroads", Computer Music Journal vol. 11 no. 1, 1987, pp. 29-43</ref>. It was invented by [[Wendy Carlos]].
'''Carlos Alpha''' is a non-octave [[equal temperament]] invented by [[Wendy Carlos]], with step size about 77.965{{cent}}. In this temperament, the interval of 9 steps approximates [[3/2]], that of 5 steps approximates [[5/4]], and that of 4 steps approximates [[6/5]]. The scale can be used with (i.e. [[15L 1s]]) or without octaves.  


In this temperament, the interval of 9 steps approximates [[3/2]], that of 5 steps approximates [[5/4]], and that of 4 steps approximates [[6/5]].
== Theory ==
Carlos provided the tuning of 78.0{{cent}}<ref>Wendy Carlos, "Tuning: At the Crossroads", ''Computer Music Journal'', vol. 11 no. 1, 1987, pp. 29-43</ref><ref>Wendy Carlos, ''Three Asymmetric Divisions of the Octave''. </ref>. Based on her work, Dave Benson optimized the temperament for 3/2, 5/4 and 6/5, such that the tuning divides the octave in
 
<math>\displaystyle
\frac{9^2 + 5^2 + 4^2}{9\log_2(3/2) + 5\log_2(5/4) + 4\log_2(6/5)} ≃ 15.391524
</math>


== Theory ==
equal steps and the fifth in 9.003464 equal steps of 77.964990{{cent}} each<ref>Dave Benson, ''Music: A Mathematical Offering'', pp. 232-233.</ref>. It is thus very close to the [[EDF|equal division of the just perfect fifth]] into nine parts of 77.995{{cent}} each ([[9edf]]), corresponding to 15.3856[[edo]].
Carlos optimized the tuning on 3/2, 5/4 and 6/5, such that the tuning divides the octave in <math>\frac{9^2 + 5^2 + 4^2}{9\log_2(3/2) + 5\log_2(5/4) + 4\log_2(6/5)}</math> ≃ 15.391524 equal steps and the fifth in 9.003464 equal steps of 77.964990 cents each. It is thus very close to the [[EDF|equal division of the just perfect fifth]] into nine parts of 77.995 cents each ([[9edf|9ed3/2]]), corresponding to 15.3856[[edo]].


Carlos Alpha is very closely related to [[Starling temperaments #Valentine temperament|valentine temperament]]. For a list of 11-limit [[dyadic chord]]s of Carlos Alpha, see [[Chords of valentine]].
Carlos Alpha is very closely related to [[Valentine|valentine temperament]]. For a list of 11-limit [[dyadic chord]]s of Carlos Alpha, see [[Chords of valentine]].


It has a very good representation of the 7:8:10:11:12 chord from the [[harmonic series]].
It has a very good representation of the 7:8:10:11:12 chord from the [[harmonic series]].


Sequence of EDOs with lower and lower relative error: {{EDOs| 15, 31, 46, 77, 354}}
Sequence of edos with lower and lower relative error: {{EDOs| 15, 31, 46, 77, 354 }}.


== Intervals ==
== Intervals ==
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; [[Bazil Müzik]]
; [[Bazil Müzik]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faSg7ToM5xc Anothe day went by]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faSg7ToM5xc ''Another day went by''] (2021) – hyperpop beat
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LVzRu-e3G8 Urban entropy]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LVzRu-e3G8 ''Urban entropy''] (2021)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRGRMUXmskw Crystallization]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRGRMUXmskw ''Crystallization''] (2021)


; [[Bryan Deister]]
; [[Bryan Deister]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDwgCHDZpsc Microtonal Improvisation in Carlos Alpha] (2023
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDwgCHDZpsc Microtonal Improvisation in Carlos Alpha] (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuDni2oQyl8 microtonal improvisation in Carlos Alpha] (2025)


; [[Mandrake]]
; [[Mandrake]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J5gntG5LrOk HUH?]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J5gntG5LrOk ''HUH?''] (2022) – in 9edf tuning


; [[Omega9]]
; [[Omega9]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkSIN8jU-i8 01.03.12 W.C.a.]
* ''01.03.12 W.C.a.'' (2012) – [https://omega9.bandcamp.com/track/010312-w-c-a Bandcamp] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkSIN8jU-i8 YouTube]


; [[Jean-Pierre Poulin]]
; [[Jean-Pierre Poulin]]
* [http://www.jeanpierrepoulin.com/mp3/Bourdigal.mp3 Bourdigal]
* [http://www.jeanpierrepoulin.com/mp3/Bourdigal.mp3 ''Bourdigal'']


; [[Carlo Serafini]]
; [[Carlo Serafini]]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/alphablues.mp3 Alphablues]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/alphablues.mp3 ''Alphablues''] (2007)
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/int/alphapanther.mp3 Alphapanther] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/37b31cf5e738413d8b6b67a16a107f40-7.html blog entry])
* ''Alphapanther'' (2008) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/int/alphapanther.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/37b31cf5e738413d8b6b67a16a107f40-7.html blog] – in 9edf tuning
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/Alphadesert.mp3 Alphadesert] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/35cf6d4c1ad98623037c3e41897fc1ed-8.html blog entry])
* ''Alphadesert'' (2008) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/Alphadesert.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/35cf6d4c1ad98623037c3e41897fc1ed-8.html blog] – in 9edf tuning
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaDulcimer.mp3 AlphaDulcimer] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/1a76f1414eac1eed79bc914a384cc1f6-113.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Dulcimer'' (2011) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaDulcimer.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/1a76f1414eac1eed79bc914a384cc1f6-113.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaTheremWaltz.mp3 AlphaTherem Waltz] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/79fd70dbede6a7d3ebe1588f86d6befb-114.html blog entry])
* ''AlphaTherem Waltz'' (2011) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaTheremWaltz.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/79fd70dbede6a7d3ebe1588f86d6befb-114.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/CubanaAlCubanaPha.mp3 Cubana Al Cubana Pha] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/2434a8744c321cf19c09551424cb7453-116.html blog entry])
* ''Cubana Al Cubana Pha'' (2011) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/CubanaAlCubanaPha.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/2434a8744c321cf19c09551424cb7453-116.html blog]
* [https://youtu.be/3aIk7ZY3iiw DisMLosphere - video] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/def789d378b3b72969210e2755e29369-118.html blog entry])
* ''DisMLosphere'' (2011) – [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/def789d378b3b72969210e2755e29369-118.html blog] | [https://youtu.be/3aIk7ZY3iiw YouTube]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaElDin.mp3 Alpha El Din] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/eb4639782f8e15d7b0c7445b55cd5917-122.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha El Din'' (2012) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaElDin.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/eb4639782f8e15d7b0c7445b55cd5917-122.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaChoir.mp3 Alpha Choir] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/cc743d401cc3bb5a0d50475a11f1846c-123.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Choir'' (2012) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaChoir.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/cc743d401cc3bb5a0d50475a11f1846c-123.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/ASTBTHW.mp3 Alpha Seems To Be The Hardest World] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/a8ca4769f85411b076014cea9efb841e-124.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Seems To Be The Hardest World'' (2012) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/ASTBTHW.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/a8ca4769f85411b076014cea9efb841e-124.html blog] | [https://youtu.be/qJrwmW4sxeQ?si=j35qCAbA9TnQc5cr YouTube]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/BossaSbilenca.mp3 Bossa Sbilenca] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c26d33be7bf98e6d7c6e4d10f38a3df5-151.html blog entry])
* ''Bossa Sbilenca'' (2012) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/BossaSbilenca.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c26d33be7bf98e6d7c6e4d10f38a3df5-151.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/GalacticOverload.mp3 Galactic Overload] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/5cc59af84640b5feb03f14c4da426cbf-159.html blog entry])
* ''Galactic Overload'' (2012) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/GalacticOverload.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/5cc59af84640b5feb03f14c4da426cbf-159.html blog]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPNirCFQ4XY Alpha Rain (video)] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c46d0a7ca80368e67afd7f2aadb46297-162.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Rain'' (2012) [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c46d0a7ca80368e67afd7f2aadb46297-162.html blog] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPNirCFQ4XY YouTube]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaDelinquent.mp3 Alpha Delinquent] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/ed8fc9ab1b3dfa6f5fe45103cb08365e-182.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Delinquent'' (2014) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaDelinquent.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/ed8fc9ab1b3dfa6f5fe45103cb08365e-182.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaAbstract1.mp3 Alpha Abstract 1] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/351c7b45df8a68e9af24dab7d844d0c7-189.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Abstract 1'' (2014) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/AlphaAbstract1.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/351c7b45df8a68e9af24dab7d844d0c7-189.html blog]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/MilesOfSpace.mp3 Miles of Space] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/b1895d858c015ac923099bd356ff7a4a-194.html blog entry])
* ''Miles of Space'' (2014) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/MilesOfSpace.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/b1895d858c015ac923099bd356ff7a4a-194.html blog]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubMVjAt12fU MacAtar (video)] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/b8ce7f66890bacf5f184ce66efb7621d-212.html blog entry])
* ''MacAtar'' (2015) [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/b8ce7f66890bacf5f184ce66efb7621d-212.html blog] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubMVjAt12fU YouTube]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/FuzzyLogic.mp3 Fuzzy Logic] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/fe8d37804bc0ffb7e5eee6d410363c65-216.html blog entry])
* ''Fuzzy Logic'' (2015) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/FuzzyLogic.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/fe8d37804bc0ffb7e5eee6d410363c65-216.html blog]
* [https://youtu.be/bht4JPFbvzQ Alpha Asana (video)] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/bc3fe2f9bc3f2b75c7e4d3fb0028b817-221.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Asana'' (2016) [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/bc3fe2f9bc3f2b75c7e4d3fb0028b817-221.html blog] | [https://youtu.be/bht4JPFbvzQ YouTube]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZdN9VtP1Xw Alpha Penguin Tanz (video)] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/470888af1fdbb47b97467d0331843a13-224.html blog entry])
* ''Alpha Penguin Tanz'' (2016) [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/470888af1fdbb47b97467d0331843a13-224.html blog] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZdN9VtP1Xw YouTube]
* [https://youtu.be/-aKYVVLImOw White Woman Speaks Up For #blacklivesmatter (video)] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/84f2ae146db05f06153a3b47fc6a8895-227.html blog entry])
* ''White Woman Speaks Up For #blacklivesmatter'' (2016) [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/84f2ae146db05f06153a3b47fc6a8895-227.html blog] | [https://youtu.be/-aKYVVLImOw YouTube]
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/Jayni's%20song.mp3 Jayni's song] ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c956c1294c91e7d9407c0ea447e667cb-232.html blog entry])
* ''Jayni's song'' (2016) – [http://www.seraph.it/dep/det/Jayni's%20song.mp3 play] | [http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/c956c1294c91e7d9407c0ea447e667cb-232.html blog]


; [[Joel Grant Taylor]]
; [[Joel Grant Taylor]]
* [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Taylor/alpha%20study%207%20-%20melody%20study.mp3 Alpha study 7 - melody study] {{dead link}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012332/micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Taylor/alpha%20study%207%20-%20melody%20study.mp3 ''Alpha study 7 - melody study'']
 
; [[MagentaFlavouredMusic]]
* [https://youtu.be/1HkykxbKBHE ''Carlama'']


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Carlos Beta]]
* Carlos' equal scales
* [[Carlos Gamma]]
** [[Carlos Beta]]
** [[Carlos Gamma]]
* [[Carlos harm|Carlos Harmonic]]
* [[Carlos harm|Carlos Harmonic]]
* [[Carlos super|Carlos Super Just]]
* [[Carlos super|Carlos Super Just]]
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.wendycarlos.com/resources/pitch.html Wendy Carlos Pitch article]
* [http://www.wendycarlos.com/resources/pitch.html Wendy Carlos Pitch article | ''Three Asymmetric Divisions of the Octave'']


[[Category:Wendy Carlos]]
[[Category:Wendy Carlos]]