Instruments: Difference between revisions

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{{Catrel|Instruments}}
Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.
Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments.


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=== Plucked strings ===
=== Plucked strings ===
* Fretted:
* Fretted:
** [[Guitar]]
**[[Guitar]]
** [[Electric bass]]
** [[Electric bass]]
** [[Fun With Microtones|Ukulele]]
**[[Pedal steel guitar]]
** [[Pedal steel guitar]]
**[[Fun With Microtones|Ukulele]]
** Others: banjo, mandolin, balalaika, viol, sitar, [[Wikipedia:Moodswinger|moodswinger]], etc.
** Others: banjo, bouzuki, mandolin, balalaika, sitar, [[Wikipedia:Moodswinger|moodswinger]], etc.
* Fretless:
* Fretless:
**[[Autoharp]]
** [[Electric bass|Fretless bass]]
** [[Qanun]]
** [[Qanun]]
** [[Electric bass|Fretless bass]]
** Others: oud, harp, zither (including kantele), hammer dulcimer, [[Wikipedia:Đàn bầu|đàn bầu]], etc.
** [[Autoharp]]
* Keyboard plucked strings
** Others: oud, harp, zither, hammer dulcimer, [[Wikipedia:Đàn bầu|đàn bầu]], etc.
** Harpsichord
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add information about harpsichords, including microtonal harpsichords.}}


=== Bowed strings ===
=== Bowed strings ===
* [[Bowed strings]] (violin, viola, cello, bass, etc.)
* Fretted:
* Others: [[Wikipedia:Huqin|huqin]], etc.
** [[Bowed strings|Viol family and other bowed fretted strings]] (viola da gamba, some types of violone, baryton, arpeggione, GuitarViol, fretted violin, etc.)
* Fretless:
** [[Bowed strings|Violin family]] (violin, viola, cello, bass, some types of violone, etc.)
** Others: [[Wikipedia:Huqin|huqin]], etc.


== Wind instruments ==
== Wind instruments ==
=== Brass instruments ===
=== Brass instruments ===
* [[Flugelhorn]]
* [[Horn]]
* [[Trumpet]]
* [[Trumpet]]
* [[Horn]]
* [[Trombone]]
* [[Trombone]]
* Others: tuba, digeridoo, alphorn, etc.
* Others: tuba, digeridoo, alphorn, etc.
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** [[Flute]]
** [[Flute]]
** [[Recorder]]
** [[Recorder]]
** [[Shakuhachi]]
** [[Whistle]]
** [[Whistle]]
** Others: khaen, etc.
** Others: khaen, some very small organs, etc.
* Reed:
* Reed:
** [[Bassoon]]
** [[Bassoon]]/contrabassoon
** Oboe
** English horn
** Heckelphone/Lupophone
** [[Clarinet]]
** [[Clarinet]]
** [[Harmonica]]
** [[Saxophone]]
** [[Saxophone]]
** [[Harmonica]]
** [[Fretless saxophone]]
** Others: oboe, reed organ, accordion, melodica, etc.
** Others: reed organ, regal, accordion, melodica, etc.
* Combination:
** Organ (usually has both flue and reed stops, and may also have percussion stops, especially in the case of theatre organs)
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add organ information page including microtonal organs.}}


=== Others ===
=== Others ===
* [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 Balloon flute]{{dead link}}
* [[Infinitone]]
* [[Udderbot]]
* [[Udderbot]]
* [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 Balloon flute]{{dead link}}


== Percussion instruments ==
== Percussion instruments ==
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* Tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing, etc.
* Tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing, etc.
* Bells:
* Bells:
** [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]]
**[[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]]
** [[Tubulong]]
** [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm Sound tower/sound cube]{{dead link}}
** [[Zoomoozophone]]
**[[Tubulong]]
** [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm Sound tower/sound cube]
**[[Zoomoozophone]]
** Others: carillon, amglocken, handbells, etc.
** Others: carillon, amglocken, handbells, etc.
* Lamellophones:
* Lamellophones:
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** [[Daxophone]]
** [[Daxophone]]
** Others: musical saw, wine glasses, nail violin, etc.
** Others: musical saw, wine glasses, nail violin, etc.
* [[Keyboard]]s: piano, harpsichord, organ, clavichord
* Hammered dulcimers (including [[wikipedia:yangqin|yangqin]] and lavachord, the latter of which also belongs to keyboard instruments)
** Finger-hammered dulcimers: [[harpejji]].
* [[Keyboard]]s: piano, tangent piano (including [[fluid piano]]), organ (when equipped with percussion stops), clavichord (including the Clavinet and its derivatives).
 
 
{{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add clavichord information page including microtonal derivatives of the Clavinet.}}


== Electronic instruments ==
== Electronic instruments ==
* [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]]
* Synthesizers:
* Synthesizers:
** [[Lumatone]]
** [[Lumatone]]
** [[SoMa Terra]]
** Others: see [[Keyboard#List of generalized keyboards]]
** Others: see [[Keyboard#List of generalized keyboards]]
* [[Novation Launchpad]]
* [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]]
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[Infinitone]]
* [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]]
* Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:  
* Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:  
** [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric|“Microtonal Fabric” family]]
** [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric|“Microtonal Fabric” family]]
** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]
** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]{{dead link}}
* [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]]


== Tuning-agnostic instruments ==
== Tuning-agnostic instruments ==
These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:
These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:


*[[Daxophone]]
* Fretless string instruments
* Fretless string instruments
** Fretless bass
** Fretless bass
** Fretless guitar
** Fretless guitar
** Oud
** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
** Oud
* Musical saw
* String instruments with one pitch per string
* String instruments with one pitch per string
** Hammered dulcimer
** Hammered dulcimer (when provided with on-the-fly adjustable tuning mechanism, such as fluid dulcimer or the more modern versions of [[Wikipedia:Yangqin|Yangqin]])
* [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]]
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]]
* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
* Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
** Trombone
** Trombone
** [[Fretless saxophone]]
** [[Infinitone]]
** [[Udderbot]]
** [[Udderbot]]
* Musical saw
 
* [[Daxophone]]
== See also ==
* [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]]
* [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]
 
== Further reading ==
* Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments], The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014


[[Category:Instruments| ]] <!-- main article -->
[[Category:Instruments| ]] <!-- main article -->