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Syntonic–chromatic equivalence continuum: Difference between revisions

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The '''syntonic-chromatic equivalence continuum''' is a continuum of temperaments which equate a number of [[81/80|syntonic commas (81/80)]] with the [[2187/2048|chromatic semitone (2187/2048)]].  
{{Technical data page}}
The '''syntonic–chromatic equivalence continuum''' is a [[equivalence continuum|continuum]] of [[5-limit]] [[regular temperament|temperaments]] which equate a number of [[81/80|syntonic commas (81/80)]] with the [[2187/2048|apotome (2187/2048)]]. This continuum is theoretically interesting in that these are all 5-limit temperaments [[support]]ed by [[7edo]].  


All temperaments in the continuum satisfy (81/80)<sup>''n''</sup> ~ 2187/2048. Varying ''n'' results in different temperaments such as [[whitewood]], [[mavila]], [[dicot]], [[porcupine]], [[tetracot]], [[amity]], [[gravity]], and [[absurdity]]. It converges to [[meantone]] as ''n'' approaches infinity. The just value of ''n'' is 5.2861…
All temperaments in the continuum satisfy {{nowrap| (81/80)<sup>''n''</sup> ~ 2187/2048 }}. Varying ''n'' results in different temperaments listed in the table below. It converges to [[meantone]] as ''n'' approaches infinity. If we allow non-integer and infinite ''n'', the continuum describes the set of all 5-limit temperaments supported by 7edo due to it being the unique equal temperament that [[tempering out|tempers out]] both commas and thus tempers out all combinations of them. The just value of ''n'' is 5.2861…, and temperaments near this tend to be the most accurate ones.
 
2187/2048 is the characteristic [[3-limit]] comma tempered out in [[7edo]], and has many advantages as a target. In each case, ''n'' equals the order of [[5/1|harmonic 5]] in the corresponding comma, and equals the number of steps to obtain the interval class of [[3/1|harmonic 3]] in the generator chain. For example:
* [[Mavila]] ({{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 1 }}) is generated by a fifth;
* [[Dicot]] ({{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 2 }}) splits its fifth in two;
* [[Porcupine]] ({{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 3 }}) splits its fourth in three;
* Etc.
 
At {{nowrap|''n'' {{=}} 7}}, the corresponding temperament splits the ''octave'' into seven instead, as after a stack of seven syntonic commas, both the orders of 3 and 5 are multiples of 7 again.
 
If we let {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} ''n'' − 2 }} so that {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} 0 }} means {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 2 }}, {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} −1 }} means {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 1 }}, etc. then the continuum corresponds to {{nowrap| (81/80)<sup>''k''</sup> {{=}} 25/24 }}. Some prefer this way of conceptualising it because:
* 25/24 is the classic chromatic semitone, notable in the 5-limit as the difference between 5/4 and 6/5, so this shifted continuum could also logically be termed the "syntonic–chromatic equivalence continuum". This means that at {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} 0 }}, 5/4 and 6/5 are mapped to the same interval while 81/80 becomes independent of 25/24 (meaning 81/80 may or may not be tempered) because the relation becomes {{nowrap| (81/80)<sup>0</sup> ~ 1/1 ~ 25/24 }}.
* {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} 1 }} and upwards up to a point represent temperaments with the potential for reasonably good accuracy as equating at least one 81/80 with 25/24 seems like a good lower bound for a temperament intended to model JI. A good upper bound might be gravity ({{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} 4 }}), with the only exception being meantone ({{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} ''k'' {{=}} ∞ }}). Temperaments corresponding to {{nowrap| ''k'' {{=}} 0, −1, −2, … }} are comparatively low-accuracy to the point of developing various intriguing structures and consequences.
* 25/24 is the simplest ratio to be tempered in the continuum, the second simplest being 81/80 at unsigned infinity, which together are the two smallest 5-limit [[List of superparticular intervals|superparticular intervals]] and the only superparticular intervals in the continuum.


{| class="wikitable center-1 center-2"
{| class="wikitable center-1 center-2"
|+ Temperaments in the continuum
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Temperaments with integer ''n''
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | ''k''
! rowspan="2" | ''n''
! rowspan="2" | ''n''
! rowspan="2" | Temperament
! rowspan="2" | Temperament
Line 13: Line 28:
! Monzo
! Monzo
|-
|-
| −5
| −3
| [[Nadir]]
| [[1162261467/1048576000]]
| {{Monzo| -23 19 -3 }}
|-
| −4
| −2
| [[Nethertone]]
| [[14348907/13107200]]
| {{Monzo| -19 15 -2 }}
|-
| −3
| −1
| [[Deeptone]] a.k.a. tragicomical
| [[177147/163840]]
| {{Monzo| -15 11 -1 }}
|-
| −2
| 0
| 0
| [[Whitewood]]
| [[Whitewood]]
| [[2187/2048]]
| [[2187/2048]]
| {{monzo| -11 7 }}
| {{Monzo| -11 7 }}
|-
|-
| −1
| 1
| 1
| [[Mavila]]
| [[Mavila]]
| [[135/128]]
| [[135/128]]
| {{monzo| -7 3 1 }}
| {{Monzo| -7 3 1 }}
|-
|-
| 0
| 2
| 2
| [[Dicot]]
| [[Dicot]]
| [[25/24]]
| [[25/24]]
| {{monzo| -3 -1 2 }}
| {{Monzo| -3 -1 2 }}
|-
|-
| 1
| 3
| 3
| [[Porcupine]]
| [[Porcupine]]
| [[250/243]]
| [[250/243]]
| {{monzo| 1 -5 3 }}
| {{Monzo| 1 -5 3 }}
|-
|-
| 2
| 4
| 4
| [[Tetracot]]
| [[Tetracot]]
| [[20000/19683]]
| [[20000/19683]]
| {{monzo| 5 -9 4 }}
| {{Monzo| 5 -9 4 }}
|-
|-
| 3
| 5
| 5
| [[Amity]]
| [[Amity]]
| [[1600000/1594323]]
| [[1600000/1594323]]
| {{monzo| 9 -13 5 }}
| {{Monzo| 9 -13 5 }}
|-
|-
| 4
| 6
| 6
| [[Gravity]]
| [[Gravity]]
| [[129140163/128000000]]
| [[129140163/128000000]]
| {{monzo| -13 17 -6 }}
| {{Monzo| -13 17 -6 }}
|-
|-
| 5
| 7
| 7
| [[Absurdity]]
| [[Absurdity]]
| 10460353203/10240000000
| 10460353203/10240000000
| {{monzo| -17 21 -7 }}
| {{Monzo| -17 21 -7 }}
|-
|-
| …
| …
| …
| …
| …
Line 58: Line 100:
| …
| …
|-
|-
| Inf
| ∞
| ∞
| [[Meantone]]
| [[Meantone]]
| [[81/80]]
| [[81/80]]
| {{monzo| -4 4 -1 }}
| {{Monzo| -4 4 -1 }}
|}
|}


Also fractional values of ''n'': [[enipucrop]] (''n'' = 1.5), [[seville]] (''n'' = 2.{{overline|3}}), [[sixix]] (''n'' = 2.5), [[sevond]] (''n'' = 3.5), [[brahmagupta]] (''n'' = 5.25).  
We may invert the continuum by setting ''m'' such that {{nowrap| 1/''m'' + 1/''n'' {{=}} 1}}. This may be called the ''mavila–chromatic equivalence continuum'', which is essentially the same thing. The just value of ''m'' is 1.2333… The [[135/128|mavila comma]] is both larger and more complex than the syntonic comma. As such, this continuum does not contain as many useful temperaments, but still interesting nonetheless.
 
{| class="wikitable center-1"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Temperaments with integer ''m''
|-
! rowspan="2" | ''m''
! rowspan="2" | Temperament
! colspan="2" | Comma
|-
! Ratio
! Monzo
|-
| −1
| [[Shallowtone]]
| [[295245/262144]]
| {{Monzo| -18 10 1 }}
|-
| 0
| [[Whitewood]]
| [[2187/2048]]
| {{Monzo| -11 7 }}
|-
| 1
| [[Meantone]]
| [[81/80]]
| {{Monzo| -4 4 -1 }}
|-
| 2
| [[Dicot]]
| [[25/24]]
| {{Monzo| -3 -1 2 }}
|-
| 3
| [[Enipucrop]]
| [[1125/1024]]
| {{Monzo| -10 2 3 }}
|-
| …
| …
| …
| …
|-
| ∞
| [[Mavila]]
| [[135/128]]
| {{Monzo| -7 3 1 }}
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Temperaments with fractional ''n'' and ''m'' (and thus also ''k'')
|-
! ''n'' !! ''k'' !! ''m'' !! Temperament !! Comma
|-
| 7/3 = 2.{{overline|3}} || 1/3 = 0.{{overline|3}} || 7/4 = 1.75 || [[Seville]] || {{monzo| -5 -7 7 }}
|-
| 5/2 = 2.5 || 1/2 = 0.5 || 5/3 = 1.{{overline|6}} || [[Sixix]] || {{monzo| -2 -6 5 }}
|-
| 7/2 = 3.5 || 3/2 = 1.5 || 7/5 = 1.4 || [[Sevond]] || {{monzo| 6 -14 7 }}
|-
| 9/2 = 4.5 || 5/2 = 2.5 || 9/7 = 1.{{overline|285714}} || [[Artoneutral (temperament)|Artoneutral]] || {{monzo| 14 -22 9 }}
|-
| 21/4 = 5.25 || 13/4 = 3.25 || 21/17 = 1.235… || [[Brahmagupta]] || {{monzo| 40 -56 21 }}
|-
| 37/7 = 5.{{overline|285714}} || 37/7 = 3+2/7 || 37/30 = 1.2{{overline|3}} || [[Raider]] || {{monzo| 71 -99 37 }}
|-
| 16/3 = 5.{{overline|3}} || 10/3 = 3.{{overline|3}} || 16/13 = 1.{{overline|230769}} || [[Geb]] || {{monzo| -31 43 -16 }}
|-
| 11/2 = 5.5 || 7/2 = 3.5 || 11/9 = 1.{{overline|2}} || [[Undetrita]] || {{monzo| -22 30 -11 }}
|}
 
== Deeptone a.k.a. tragicomical ==
{{Main| Deeptone }}
 
Deeptone is generated by a fifth, which is typically sharper than in [[7edo]] but flatter than in [[flattone]]. The ~5/4 is reached by eleven fifths octave-reduced, which is an augmented third (C–E♯).
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 177147/163840
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 0 -15 | 0 1 11 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~3
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1203.7664{{c}}, ~3/2 = 691.1525{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +3.766 -7.036 +1.298 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~3/2 = 689.3122{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -12.643 -3.879 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 33, 40, 47, 54b }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 9.44
 
== Shallowtone (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Mint temperaments #Shallowtone]].''
 
Shallowtone is generated by a fifth, which is typically sharper than in [[mavila]] but flatter than in [[7edo]]. The ~5/4 is reached by minus ten fifths octave-reduced, which is an augmented third (C–E𝄪) in melodic [[2L 5s|antidiatonic]] notation and a diminished third (C–E𝄫) in harmonic antidiatonic notation.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 295245/262144
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 0 18 | 0 1 -10 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~3
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1206.3211{{c}}, ~3/2 = 686.6308{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +6.321 -9.003 -2.053 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~3/2 = 682.6617{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -19.293 -12.931 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 30b, 37b, 44b, 51b, 58bc, 65bbc }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 15.6
 
== Nethertone ==
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 14348907/13107200‎‎
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 1 -1 | 0 2 15 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~2560/2187
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1203.1196{{c}}, ~2560/2187 = 346.2857{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +3.120 -6.264 +1.733 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~2560/2187 = 345.5992{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -10.757 -2.326 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 38c, 45c, 52, 59b, 66b }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 19.4
 
== Enipucrop ==
Enipucrop corresponds to {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 3/2 }} and {{nowrap| ''m'' {{=}} 3 }}, and can be described as the {{nowrap| 6b & 7 }} temperament. Its name is ''porcupine'' spelled backwards, because that is what this temperament is – it is porcupine, with the generator sharp of 2\7 such that the major and minor thirds switch places. The fifths are very flat, meaning that this is more of a melodic temperament than a harmonic one.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 1125/1024
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 2 2 | 0 -3 2 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~16/15
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1210.1294{{c}}, ~16/15 = 174.5613{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +10.129 -5.380 -16.932 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~16/15 = 172.4620{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -19.341 -41.390 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 6b, 7 }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 3.38
 
== Nadir ==
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 1162261467/1048576000
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 2 5 | 0 -3 -19 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~729/640
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1202.743{{c}}, ~729/640 = 169.7633{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +2.743 -5.758 +1.900 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.000{{c}}, ~729/640 = 169.2234{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -9.625 -1.559 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 57c, 64, 71b, 78b, 85b }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 34.6
 
== Sixix (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Archytas clan #Sixix]].''
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 3125/2916
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 3 4 | 0 -5 -6 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~6/5
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1200.9934{{c}}, ~6/5 = 338.6456{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +0.993 +7.797 -14.214 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~6/5 = 338.1959{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 +7.065 -15.489 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 25, 32, 39c }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 3.59
 
== Absurdity (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Porwell temperaments #Absurdity]].''
 
Absurdity corresponds to {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 7 }}, and can be described as the {{nowrap| 77 & 84 }} temperament, so named because it truly is an absurd temperament. The generator is ~81/80 and the period is ~800/729, which is (10/9)/(81/80). It tempers out the ''absurditon'', 10460353203/10240000000.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 10460353203/10240000000
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 7 0 -17 | 0 1 3 }}
: mapping generators: ~800/729, ~3
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~800/729 = 171.4824{{c}}, ~3/2 = 700.4067{{c}} (~81/80 = 14.4772{{c}})
: [[error map]]: {{val| +0.376 -1.172 +0.836 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~800/729 = 171.4286{{c}}, ~3/2 = 700.3453{{c}} (~81/80 = 14.6310{{c}})
: error map: {{val| 0.000 +7.065 -15.489 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, …, 70, 77, 84, 329, 413b, 497b }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 8.00
 
== Sevond (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Keemic temperaments #Sevond]].''
 
Sevond is a fairly obvious temperament; it just equates a stack of seven ~10/9's with ~2/1, hence the period is ~10/9. One generator from 5\7 puts you at ~3/2, two generators from 2\7 puts you at ~5/4. This corresponds to {{nowrap|''n'' {{=}} 7/2}} and {{nowrap|''m'' {{=}} 7/5}} and can be described as the {{nowrap| 56 & 63 }} temperament.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 5000000/4782969
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 7 0 -6 | 0 1 2 }}
: mapping generators: ~10/9, ~3
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~10/9 = 171.3446{{c}}, ~3/2 = 705.9421{{c}} (~250/243 = 20.5637{{c}})
: [[error map]]: {{val| -0.588 +3.399 -3.673 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~10/9 = 171.4286{{c}}, ~3/2 = 705.9119{{c}} (~250/243 = 20.1977{{c}})
: error map: {{val| 0.000 +3.957 -3.061 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, …, 42, 49, 56, 119 }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 7.96
 
== Seville ==
Seville is similar to sevond, but provides a less complex avenue to 5, but this time at the cost of accuracy. One generator from 5\7 puts you at ~3/2, and one generator from 2\7 puts you at ~5/4. This corresponds to {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 7/3 }} and {{nowrap| ''m'' {{=}} 7/4 }}.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: 78125/69984
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 7 0 5 | 0 1 1 }}
: mapping generators: ~125/108, ~3
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~125/108 = 171.7481{{c}}, ~3/2 = 707.7272{{c}} (~25/24 = 20.7346{{c}})
: [[error map]]: {{val| +2.237 +8.009 -17.609 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~125/108 = 171.4286{{c}}, ~3/2 = 708.3739{{c}} (~25/24 = 22.6596{{c}})
: error map: {{val| 0.000 +6.419 -20.797 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, 35b, 42c }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 10.3
 
== Artoneutral (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Hemifamity temperaments #Artoneutral]].''
 
5-limit artoneutral is generated by ~243/200 (or ~400/243), same as that of [[amity]] but sharper. This corresponds to {{nowrap| ''n'' {{=}} 9/2 }} and {{nowrap| ''m'' {{=}} 9/7 }} and can be described as the {{nowrap| 80 & 87 }} temperament, though [[94edo]] is a notable tuning not appearing in the optimal ET sequence.
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: {{monzo| 14 -22 9 }}
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 -1 -4 | 0 9 22 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~243/200
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1199.7434{{c}}, ~243/200 = 344.7454{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| -0.257 +1.010 -0.889 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~243/200 = 344.8041{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 +1.282 -0.624 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, … 73, 80, 87 }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 8.17
 
== Geb (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Metric microtemperaments #Geb]] and [[Breedsmic temperaments #Osiris]].''
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: {{monzo| -31 43 -16 }}
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 -3 -10 | 0 16 43 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~8000/6561
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1200.0135{{c}}, ~8000/6561 = 343.8718{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +0.014 -0.047 +0.038 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.0000{{c}}, ~8000/6561 = 343.8683{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -0.062 +0.024 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, …, 157, 164, 171, 506, 677, 848 }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 2.78
 
== Undetrita (5-limit) ==
: ''For extensions, see [[Hemimean clan #Undetrita]].''
 
[[Subgroup]]: 2.3.5
 
[[Comma list]]: {{monzo| -22 30 -11 }}
 
{{Mapping|legend=1| 1 0 -2 | 0 11 30 }}
: mapping generators: ~2, ~177147/160000
 
[[Optimal tuning]]s:
* [[WE]]: ~2 = 1200.0596{{c}}, ~177147/160000 = 172.8864{{c}}
: [[error map]]: {{val| +0.060 -0.204 +0.161 }}
* [[CWE]]: ~2 = 1200.000{{c}}, ~177147/160000 = 172.8804{{c}}
: error map: {{val| 0.000 -0.271 +0.098 }}
 
{{Optimal ET sequence|legend=1| 7, …, 111, 118, 1541, 1659, 1777, 1895b, …, 2839b, 2957b }}
 
[[Badness]] (Sintel): 4.09


[[Category:Theory]]
[[Category:7edo]]
[[Category:Temperament]]
[[Category:Equivalence continua]]
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