Mode

The term mode of the modern western understanding of scales is determined by the starting/ending point of a scale based on a given tonal material.

For example the diatonic material 0 2 4 5 7 9 11 12 14 16 17 ... of 12edo with its 7-tone periodicity (12 equals 0) can be used to build 7 different modes, which are often named as

Ionian (0...)
Dorian (2...)
Phrygian (4...)
Lydian (5...)
Mixolydian (7...)
Aeolian (9...)
Locrian (11...)