19edo: Difference between revisions
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<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2> | <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2> | ||
This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br> | This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br> | ||
: This revision was by author [[User: | : This revision was by author [[User:xenwolf|xenwolf]] and made on <tt>2011-03-31 03:59:13 UTC</tt>.<br> | ||
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The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br> | The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br> | ||
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=Theory= | =Theory= | ||
In music, **19 equal temperament**, called 19-TET, 19-[[EDO]], or 19-ET, is the scale derived by dividing the octave into 19 [[equal]]ly large steps. Each step represents a frequency ratio of the 19th root of 2, or 63.16 | In music, **19 equal temperament**, called 19-TET, 19-[[EDO]], or 19-ET, is the scale derived by dividing the [[octave]] into 19 [[equal]]ly large steps. Each step represents a frequency ratio of the 19th root of 2, or 63.16 [[cent]]s. | ||
Interest in this tuning system goes back to the sixteenth century, when composer Guillaume Costeley used it in his chanson //Seigneur Dieu ta pitié// of 1558. Costeley understood and desired the circulating aspect of this tuning; in 1577 music theorist Francisco de Salinas in effect proposed it. Salinas discussed 1/3-comma meantone, in which the fifth is of size 694.786 cents; the fifth of 19-et is 694.737, which is only a twentieth of a cent flatter. Salinas suggested tuning nineteen tones to the octave to this tuning, which fails to close by less than a cent, so that his suggestion is effectively 19-et. In the nineteenth century mathematician and music theorist Wesley Woolhouse proposed it as a more practical alternative to meantone tunings he regarded as better, such as [[50edo|50 equal temperament]] ([[http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/woolhouse/essay.htm|summary of Woolhouse's essay]]). | Interest in this tuning system goes back to the sixteenth century, when composer Guillaume Costeley used it in his chanson //Seigneur Dieu ta pitié// of 1558. Costeley understood and desired the circulating aspect of this tuning; in 1577 music theorist Francisco de Salinas in effect proposed it. Salinas discussed 1/3-comma meantone, in which the fifth is of size 694.786 cents; the fifth of 19-et is 694.737, which is only a twentieth of a cent flatter. Salinas suggested tuning nineteen tones to the octave to this tuning, which fails to close by less than a cent, so that his suggestion is effectively 19-et. In the nineteenth century mathematician and music theorist Wesley Woolhouse proposed it as a more practical alternative to meantone tunings he regarded as better, such as [[50edo|50 equal temperament]] ([[http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/woolhouse/essay.htm|summary of Woolhouse's essay]]). | ||
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In music, <strong>19 equal temperament</strong>, called 19-TET, 19-<a class="wiki_link" href="/EDO">EDO</a>, or 19-ET, is the scale derived by dividing the octave into 19 <a class="wiki_link" href="/equal">equal</a>ly large steps. Each step represents a frequency ratio of the 19th root of 2, or 63.16 | In music, <strong>19 equal temperament</strong>, called 19-TET, 19-<a class="wiki_link" href="/EDO">EDO</a>, or 19-ET, is the scale derived by dividing the <a class="wiki_link" href="/octave">octave</a> into 19 <a class="wiki_link" href="/equal">equal</a>ly large steps. Each step represents a frequency ratio of the 19th root of 2, or 63.16 <a class="wiki_link" href="/cent">cent</a>s.<br /> | ||
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Interest in this tuning system goes back to the sixteenth century, when composer Guillaume Costeley used it in his chanson <em>Seigneur Dieu ta pitié</em> of 1558. Costeley understood and desired the circulating aspect of this tuning; in 1577 music theorist Francisco de Salinas in effect proposed it. Salinas discussed 1/3-comma meantone, in which the fifth is of size 694.786 cents; the fifth of 19-et is 694.737, which is only a twentieth of a cent flatter. Salinas suggested tuning nineteen tones to the octave to this tuning, which fails to close by less than a cent, so that his suggestion is effectively 19-et. In the nineteenth century mathematician and music theorist Wesley Woolhouse proposed it as a more practical alternative to meantone tunings he regarded as better, such as <a class="wiki_link" href="/50edo">50 equal temperament</a> (<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/woolhouse/essay.htm" rel="nofollow">summary of Woolhouse's essay</a>).<br /> | Interest in this tuning system goes back to the sixteenth century, when composer Guillaume Costeley used it in his chanson <em>Seigneur Dieu ta pitié</em> of 1558. Costeley understood and desired the circulating aspect of this tuning; in 1577 music theorist Francisco de Salinas in effect proposed it. Salinas discussed 1/3-comma meantone, in which the fifth is of size 694.786 cents; the fifth of 19-et is 694.737, which is only a twentieth of a cent flatter. Salinas suggested tuning nineteen tones to the octave to this tuning, which fails to close by less than a cent, so that his suggestion is effectively 19-et. In the nineteenth century mathematician and music theorist Wesley Woolhouse proposed it as a more practical alternative to meantone tunings he regarded as better, such as <a class="wiki_link" href="/50edo">50 equal temperament</a> (<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/woolhouse/essay.htm" rel="nofollow">summary of Woolhouse's essay</a>).<br /> | ||
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For both of these there are more optimal tunings, however. The generating interval for meantone is a fifth, and the fifth of 19-et is flatter than the usual for meantone; a more accurate approximation is <a class="wiki_link" href="/31edo">31 equal temperament</a>. Similarly, the generating interval of magic temperament is a major third, and again 19-et's is flatter; <a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo">41 equal temperament</a> more closely matches it.<br /> | For both of these there are more optimal tunings, however. The generating interval for meantone is a fifth, and the fifth of 19-et is flatter than the usual for meantone; a more accurate approximation is <a class="wiki_link" href="/31edo">31 equal temperament</a>. Similarly, the generating interval of magic temperament is a major third, and again 19-et's is flatter; <a class="wiki_link" href="/41edo">41 equal temperament</a> more closely matches it.<br /> | ||
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However, for all of these 19-et has the practical advantage of requiring fewer pitches, which makes physical realizations of it easier to build. (Many 19-et instruments have been built.) 19-et is in fact the second equal temperament, after 12-et which is able to deal with <a class="wiki_link" href="/Harmonic%20Limit">5-limit</a> music in a tolerable manner, and is the fifth (after 12) Zeta function integral tuning, <!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule: | However, for all of these 19-et has the practical advantage of requiring fewer pitches, which makes physical realizations of it easier to build. (Many 19-et instruments have been built.) 19-et is in fact the second equal temperament, after 12-et which is able to deal with <a class="wiki_link" href="/Harmonic%20Limit">5-limit</a> music in a tolerable manner, and is the fifth (after 12) Zeta function integral tuning, <!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule:312:http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A117538 --><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A117538" rel="nofollow">http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A117538</a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextUrlRule:312 -->. It is less successful with 7-limit (but still better than 12-et), as it eliminates the distinction between a septimal minor third (7/6), and a septimal whole tone (8/7).<br /> | ||
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<!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:4:&lt;h2&gt; --><h2 id="toc2"><a name="Theory-Intervals"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:4 -->Intervals</h2> | <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:4:&lt;h2&gt; --><h2 id="toc2"><a name="Theory-Intervals"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:4 -->Intervals</h2> | ||
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<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://gewi.uni-graz.at/%7Ecim04/CIM04_paper_pdf/Bucht_Huovinen_CIM04_proceedings.pdf" rel="nofollow">Bucht, Saku and Huovinen, Erkki, //Perceived consonance of harmonic intervals in 19-tone equal temperament</a><br /> | <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://gewi.uni-graz.at/%7Ecim04/CIM04_paper_pdf/Bucht_Huovinen_CIM04_proceedings.pdf" rel="nofollow">Bucht, Saku and Huovinen, Erkki, //Perceived consonance of harmonic intervals in 19-tone equal temperament</a><br /> | ||
<em><a class="wiki_link" href="/Ivor%20Darreg">Ivor Darreg</a>. A Case For Nineteen. URL:<!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule: | <em><a class="wiki_link" href="/Ivor%20Darreg">Ivor Darreg</a>. A Case For Nineteen. URL:<!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule:313:http://sonic-arts.org/darreg/case.htm --><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sonic-arts.org/darreg/case.htm" rel="nofollow">http://sonic-arts.org/darreg/case.htm</a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextUrlRule:313 -->. Accessed: 2011-03-30. (Archived by WebCite® at <!-- ws:start:WikiTextUrlRule:314:http://www.webcitation.org/5xZzBtDGF --><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xZzBtDGF" rel="nofollow">http://www.webcitation.org/5xZzBtDGF</a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextUrlRule:314 -->)</em><br /> | ||
<em><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://qcpages.qc.edu/%7Ehowe/articles/19-Tone%20Theory.html" rel="nofollow">Howe, Hubert S. Jr., //9-Tone Theory and Applications//</a></em><br /> | <em><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://qcpages.qc.edu/%7Ehowe/articles/19-Tone%20Theory.html" rel="nofollow">Howe, Hubert S. Jr., //9-Tone Theory and Applications//</a></em><br /> | ||
<em><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/%7Esethares/tet19/guitarchords19.html" rel="nofollow">Sethares, William A., //Tunings for 19 Tone Equal Tempered Guitar//</a></em><br /> | <em><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/%7Esethares/tet19/guitarchords19.html" rel="nofollow">Sethares, William A., //Tunings for 19 Tone Equal Tempered Guitar//</a></em><br /> | ||