Sagittal notation: Difference between revisions
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[[file:sagittal_sample.gif]] | [[file:sagittal_sample.gif]] | ||
'''Sagittal notation''' is a [[musical notation]] system capable of notating almost any conceivable tuning. It was developed by [[Dave Keenan]] and [[George Secor]] with significant contributions from numerous others. | '''Sagittal notation''' is a [[musical notation]] system capable of notating almost any conceivable tuning while preserving, as much as possible, the notation of harmonies across different tunings. It uses arrow-like symbols made up of four simple components whose visual size is proportional to their alteration and whose alterations sum. It was developed by [[Dave Keenan]] and [[George Secor]] with significant contributions from numerous others. | ||
== Flavors of Sagittal notation == | == Flavors of Sagittal notation == | ||
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The '''Evo''' flavor (short for "evolutionary", previously called "mixed") uses only single-shaft Sagittal symbols, e.g. {{sagittal| /| }} {{sagittal| \! }} {{sagittal| |) }} {{sagittal| !) }}, alone or in combination with conventional sharps and flats and their doubles. Only the large variant of the double sharp {{sagittal| x }} (U+E47D) is considered to be stylistically-compatible with Sagittal symbols. Evo is much easier to learn, but it results in a greater number of symbols on the sheet, which can give it a more cluttered appearance, particularly with chords, and it may be confusing when two symbols alter the same note in opposite directions. | The '''Evo''' flavor (short for "evolutionary", previously called "mixed") uses only single-shaft Sagittal symbols, e.g. {{sagittal| /| }} {{sagittal| \! }} {{sagittal| |) }} {{sagittal| !) }}, alone or in combination with conventional sharps and flats and their doubles. Only the large variant of the double sharp {{sagittal| x }} (U+E47D) is considered to be stylistically-compatible with Sagittal symbols. Evo is much easier to learn, but it results in a greater number of symbols on the sheet, which can give it a more cluttered appearance, particularly with chords, and it may be confusing when two symbols alter the same note in opposite directions. | ||
A sub-flavor of Evo is '''Evo-SZ''' (Evo with Stein–Zimmermann). This is where any sagittals that are notating exactly half the alteration of a sharp or flat (most often {{sagittal| /|\ }} {{sagittal| \!/ }}) are replaced by the Stein–Zimmermann semisharp {{sagittal| > }} and narrow reversed flat {{sagittal| < }}, and the corresponding combinations (most often {{sagittal| /|\ }}{{sagittal| # }} and {{sagittal| \!/ }}{{sagittal| b }}) are replaced by {{sagittal| ># }} and {{sagittal| <b }}. The narrow variants of the fractional flats {{sagittal| < }} (U+E284) and {{sagittal| <b }} (U+E285) are preferred because they preserve the Sagittal principle that the visual size of a symbol should indicate the relative size of its alteration and they reduce left-right confusion | A sub-flavor of Evo is '''Evo-SZ''' (Evo with Stein–Zimmermann). This is where, in tempered systems, any sagittals that are notating exactly half the alteration of a sharp or flat (most often {{sagittal| /|\ }} {{sagittal| \!/ }}) are replaced by the Stein–Zimmermann semisharp {{sagittal| > }} and narrow reversed flat {{sagittal| < }}, and the corresponding combinations (most often {{sagittal| /|\ }}{{sagittal| # }} and {{sagittal| \!/ }}{{sagittal| b }}) are replaced by {{sagittal| ># }} and {{sagittal| <b }}. The narrow variants of the fractional flats {{sagittal| < }} (U+E284) and {{sagittal| <b }} (U+E285) are preferred because they preserve the Sagittal principle that the visual size of a symbol should indicate the relative size of its alteration and they reduce left-right confusion. | ||
=== Revo === | === Revo === | ||
The '''Revo''' flavor (short for "revolutionary", previously called "pure") only requires one accidental per note. Revo therefore takes up less space on the sheet and presents a cleaner appearance, and it clearly indicates the direction of the overall alteration. It discards the conventional sharps and flats and their doubles and replaces them with these multi-shaft arrow-like symbols: {{sagittal| /||\ }} {{sagittal| \!!/ }} {{sagittal| /X\ }} {{sagittal| \Y/ }}. Adding a sharp or flat to a Sagittal is achieved by adding two more shafts, e.g. {{sagittal| /| }}{{sagittal| # }} becomes {{sagittal| /||| }} and {{sagittal| !) }}{{sagittal| b }} becomes {{sagittal| !!!) }}, as expected. [[2187/2048#Notation|''Apotome'']] ''complements'', that arise when the Sagital accidental alters in the opposite direction to the apotome, do not have a simple rule in Revo. One must simply memorize the complements one needs, as shown below. | The '''Revo''' flavor (short for "revolutionary", previously called "pure") only requires one accidental per note. Revo therefore takes up less space on the sheet and presents a cleaner appearance, and it clearly indicates the direction of the overall alteration. It discards the conventional sharps and flats and their doubles and replaces them with these multi-shaft arrow-like symbols: {{sagittal| /||\ }} {{sagittal| \!!/ }} {{sagittal| /X\ }} {{sagittal| \Y/ }}. Adding a sharp or flat to a Sagittal is achieved by adding two more shafts, e.g. {{sagittal| /| }}{{sagittal| # }} becomes {{sagittal| /||| }} and {{sagittal| !) }}{{sagittal| b }} becomes {{sagittal| !!!) }}, as expected. [[2187/2048#Notation|''Apotome'']] ''complements'', that arise when the Sagital accidental alters in the opposite direction to the apotome, do not have a simple rule in Revo. One must simply memorize the complements one needs, as shown below. For example, {{sagittal| \! }}{{sagittal| # }} becomes {{sagittal| ||\ }} (flag swaps sides) while {{sagittal| !) }}{{sagittal| # }} becomes {{sagittal| ||) }} (flag stays on same side). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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{{sge| ~¦ | ~! | s | 2187/2176 | 17k }} | {{sge| ~¦ | ~! | s | 2187/2176 | 17k }} | ||
{{sge| )~¦ | )~! | sr | 144/143 | 143C }} | {{sge| )~¦ | )~! | sr | 144/143 | 143C }} | ||
{{sge| ~~¦ | ~~! | sh | 99/ | {{sge| ~~¦ | ~~! | sh | 99/98 | 49/11C }} | ||
{{sge| )¦~ | )!~ | raz | 19683/19456 | 19C }} | {{sge| )¦~ | )!~ | raz | 19683/19456 | 19C }} | ||
{{sge| )¦) | )!) | rat | 57/56 | 19/7C }} | {{sge| )¦) | )!) | rat | 57/56 | 19/7C }} | ||
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{{sge| ~¦¦¦ | ~!!! | s | 2187/2176 | 17k }} | {{sge| ~¦¦¦ | ~!!! | s | 2187/2176 | 17k }} | ||
{{sge| )~¦¦¦ | )~!!! | sr | 144/143 | 143C }} | {{sge| )~¦¦¦ | )~!!! | sr | 144/143 | 143C }} | ||
{{sge| ~~¦¦¦ | ~~!!! | sh | 99/ | {{sge| ~~¦¦¦ | ~~!!! | sh | 99/98 | 49/11C }} | ||
{{sge| )¦¦¦~ | )!!!~ | raz | 19683/19456 | 19C }} | {{sge| )¦¦¦~ | )!!!~ | raz | 19683/19456 | 19C }} | ||
{{sge| )¦¦¦) | )!!!) | rat | 57/56 | 19/7C }} | {{sge| )¦¦¦) | )!!!) | rat | 57/56 | 19/7C }} | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [http://sagittal.org/ Official site] (with an introductory video) | * [http://sagittal.org/ Official site] (with an introductory video) | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LRLUZzIYUwk ''Sagittal: the universal microtonal notation system''] — Introductory video from the above site, on YouTube (version dated 2024-07-21) | |||
* [http://forum.sagittal.org Sagittal Forum] | * [http://forum.sagittal.org Sagittal Forum] | ||
* [http://sagittal.org/sagittal.pdf The original Xenharmonikon article (updated)] | * [http://sagittal.org/sagittal.pdf The original Xenharmonikon article (updated)] | ||