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{{Mbox|text=The content of this page is maintained by '''members of the Xenharmonic Alliance Discord'''. If you have any questions, spot any errors, or have any suggestions, be sure to ask there!}}
{{Mbox|text=The content of this page is maintained by '''members of the Xenharmonic Alliance Discord'''. If you have any questions, spot any errors, or have any suggestions, be sure to ask there!}}


'''TAMNAMS''' (from '''''T'''emperament-'''A'''gnostic '''M'''os '''NAM'''ing '''S'''ystem'', read as /teɪmneɪmz/ or /tæmnæmz/), devised by the XA Discord in 2021, is a system of temperament-agnostic names for scales—primarily [[Octave equivalence|octave-equivalent]] [[moment of symmetry]] scales—as well as their their intervals, their associated generator ranges, and the ratios describing the proportions of large and small steps.
'''TAMNAMS''' (from '''''T'''emperament-'''A'''gnostic '''M'''os '''NAM'''ing '''S'''ystem'', read as /ˈteɪmneɪmz/ or /ˈtæmnæmz/), devised by the XA Discord in 2021, is a system of temperament-agnostic names for scales—primarily [[Octave equivalence|octave-equivalent]] [[moment of symmetry]] scales—as well as their intervals, their associated generator ranges, and the ratios describing the proportions of large and small steps.


The goal of TAMNAMS is to allow musicians and theorists to discuss moment-of-symmetry scales, or mosses, independent of the language of [[regular temperament theory]]. For example, the names ''flattone[7]'', ''meantone[7]'', ''pythagorean[7]'', and ''superpyth[7]'' all describe the same step pattern of 5L 2s, with different proportions of large and small steps. Under TAMNAMS parlance, these names can be described broadly as ''soft 5L 2s'' (for flattone and meantone) and ''hard 5L 2s'' (for pythagorean and superpyth). For discussions of the step pattern itself, the name ''5L 2s'' or, in this example, ''diatonic'', is used.
The goal of TAMNAMS is to allow musicians and theorists to discuss moment-of-symmetry scales, or mosses, independent of the language of [[regular temperament theory]]. For example, the names ''flattone[7]'', ''meantone[7]'', ''pythagorean[7]'', and ''superpyth[7]'' all describe the same step pattern of 5L 2s, with different proportions of large and small steps. Under TAMNAMS parlance, these names can be described broadly as ''soft 5L 2s'' (for flattone and meantone) and ''hard 5L 2s'' (for pythagorean and superpyth). For discussions of the step pattern itself, the name ''5L 2s'' or, in this example, ''diatonic'', is used.
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== Step ratio spectrum ==
== Step ratio spectrum ==
{{Main| Step ratio }}
{{Main| Step ratio }}TAMNAMS names nine specific simple [[Blackwood's R|L:s ratios]] tabulated below, which correspond to the simplest edos that have the mos scale. The two extremes, equalized and collapsed, are degenerate cases and define the boundaries for valid tuning ranges. An equalized mos has large and small steps be the same size ({{nowrap|L {{=}} s}}), so the mos pattern is no longer apparent. A collapsed mos has small steps shrunken down to zero ({{nowrap|s {{=}} 0}}), merging adjacent tones s apart into a single tone. In both cases, the mos structure is no longer valid.


=== Simple step ratios ===
TAMNAMS names nine specific simple [[Blackwood's R|L:s ratios]]. These correspond to the simplest edos that have the mos scale.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Step ratio names
|-
! TAMNAMS Name
! Ratio
! Hardness
! Diatonic example
|-
| Equalized
| L:s = 1:1
| 1.000
| [[7edo]]
|-
| Supersoft
| L:s = 4:3
| 1.333
| [[26edo]]
|-
| Soft (or monosoft)
| L:s = 3:2
| 1.500
| [[19edo]]
|-
| Semisoft
| L:s = 5:3
| 1.667
| [[31edo]]
|-
| Basic
| L:s = 2:1
| 2.000
| [[12edo]]
|-
| Semihard
| L:s = 5:2
| 2.500
| [[29edo]]
|-
| Hard (or monohard)
| L:s = 3:1
| 3.000
| [[17edo]]
|-
| Superhard
| L:s = 4:1
| 4.000
| [[22edo]]
|-
| Collapsed
| L:s = 1:0
| ∞ (infinity)
| [[5edo]]
|}
For example, the 5L 2s (diatonic) scale of 19edo has a step ratio of 3:2, which is ''soft'', and is thus called ''soft diatonic''. Tunings of a mos with L:s larger than that ratio are ''harder'', and tunings with L:s smaller than that are ''softer''.
The two extremes, equalized and collapsed, are degenerate cases and define the boundaries for valid tuning ranges. An equalized mos has large and small steps be the same size ({{nowrap|L {{=}} s}}), so the mos pattern is no longer apparent. A collapsed mos has small steps shrunken down to zero ({{nowrap|s {{=}} 0}}), merging adjacent tones s apart into a single tone. In both cases, the mos structure is no longer valid.
=== Step ratio ranges ===
In between the nine specific ratios there are eight named intermediate ranges of step ratios. These names are useful for classifying mos tunings which don't match any of the nine simple step ratios. There are also two additional terms for broader ranges: the term ''hyposoft'' describes step ratios that are ''soft-of-basic'' but not as soft as 3:2; similarly, the term ''hypohard'' describes step ratios that are ''hard-of-basic'' but not as hard as 3:1.
In between the nine specific ratios there are eight named intermediate ranges of step ratios. These names are useful for classifying mos tunings which don't match any of the nine simple step ratios. There are also two additional terms for broader ranges: the term ''hyposoft'' describes step ratios that are ''soft-of-basic'' but not as soft as 3:2; similarly, the term ''hypohard'' describes step ratios that are ''hard-of-basic'' but not as hard as 3:1.


By default, all ranges include their endpoints. For example, a hard tuning is considered a quasihard tuning. To exclude endpoints, the modifier ''strict'' can be used, for example ''strict hyposoft''.
By default, all ranges include their endpoints. For example, a hard tuning is considered a quasihard tuning. To exclude endpoints, the modifier ''strict'' can be used, for example ''strict hyposoft''.


Note that mosses with soft-of-basic step ratios always exhibit [[Rothenberg propriety]], or are ''proper'', whereas mosses with hard-of-basic step ratios do not, or are ''not proper'', with one exception: mosses with only one small step per period are always proper, regardless of the step ratio. It has been argued, however, that this is not a particularly important property, both because "improper" MOSSes still admit an ordering if you allow "off-by-one" errors and because larger moses tend to sound more distinct when {{nowrap|L/s > 1}}, which is in some sense the more vast/varied side of the tuning spectrum, because as L/s becomes larger, the scale becomes increasingly close to the [[equalized]] tuning, which is usually radically different from most "proper" tunings while softer tunings don't have much room to be different compared to the basic tuning. (This is explained in more detail in [[TAMNAMS/Appendix#Extending the spectrum's edges]].)
In some cases it can be clearer to name step ratio ranges by their ranges in hardness (for example, 1-1.33 for ultrasoft) or by their boundary step ratios (for example, equalized-to-supersoft for ultrasoft) than by the step ratio ranges tabulated here.


{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Intermediate ranges
|-
! TAMNAMS Name
! Ratio range
! Hardness
|-
| Hyposoft
| 3:2 ≤ L:s ≤ 2:1
| 1.500 ≤ L/s ≤ 2.000
|-
| Ultrasoft
| 1:1 ≤ L:s ≤ 4:3
| 1.000 ≤ L/s ≤ 1.333
|-
| Parasoft
| 4:3 ≤ L:s ≤ 3:2
| 1.333 ≤ L/s ≤ 1.500
|-
| Quasisoft
| 3:2 ≤ L:s ≤ 5:3
| 1.500 ≤ L/s ≤ 1.667
|-
| Minisoft
| 5:3 ≤ L:s ≤ 2:1
| 1.667 ≤ L/s ≤ 2.000
|-
| Minihard
| 2:1 ≤ L:s ≤ 5:2
| 2.000 ≤ L/s ≤ 2.500
|-
| Quasihard
| 5:2 ≤ L:s ≤ 3:1
| 2.500 ≤ L/s ≤ 3.000
|-
| Parahard
| 3:1 ≤ L:s ≤ 4:1
| 3.000 ≤ L/s ≤ 4.000
|-
| Ultrahard
| 4:1 ≤ L:s ≤ 1:0
| 4.000 ≤ L/s ≤ ∞
|-
| Hypohard
| 2:1 ≤ L:s ≤ 3:1
| 2.000 ≤ L/s ≤ 3.000
|}
One may ask "what about [[hypersoft]] and [[hyperhard]], given you have [[hyposoft]] and [[hypohard]]?" and they would be right: see [[TAMNAMS/Appendix#Extended spectrum]] which details a more complete glossary that this set of terms is a subset of.
=== Central spectrum ===
{| class="wikitable center-all"
{| class="wikitable center-all"
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Central spectrum of step ratio ranges and specific step ratios
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Spectrum of step ratio ranges and specific step ratios
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | Step ratio ranges
! colspan="3" | Step ratio ranges
! Specific step ratios
! Specific<br />step ratios
! Hardness
! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
|
|  
| '''1:1 (equalized)'''
| '''1:1<br />(equalized)'''
| 1
| Trivial/pathological
| Trivial/pathological
|-
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1:1 to 2:1 (soft-of-basic)
| rowspan="7" | 1:1 to 2:1<br />(soft-of-basic)
| colspan="2" | 1:1 to 4:3 (ultrasoft)
| colspan="2" | 1:1 to 4:3<br />(ultrasoft)
|
|
|  
| Step ratios especially close to 1:1 may be called pseudoequalized
| Step ratios especially close to 1:1 may be called pseudoequalized
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
| '''4:3 (supersoft)'''
| '''4:3<br />(supersoft)'''
|
| 1.33
|  
|-
|-
| colspan="2" | 4:3 to 3:2 (parasoft)
| colspan="2" | 4:3 to 3:2<br />(parasoft)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
| '''3:2 (soft)'''
| '''3:2<br />(soft)'''
| 1.5
| Also called monosoft
| Also called monosoft
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" | 3:2 to 2:1 (hyposoft)
| rowspan="3" | 3:2 to 2:1<br />(hyposoft)
| 3:2 to 5:3 (quasisoft)
| 3:2 to 5:3<br />(quasisoft)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
| '''5:3 (semisoft)'''
| '''5:3<br />(semisoft)'''
|
| 1.67
|  
|-
|-
| 5:3 to 2:1 (minisoft)
| 5:3 to 2:1<br />(minisoft)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
|
|  
| '''2:1 (basic)'''
| '''2:1<br />(basic)'''
|
| 2
|  
|-
|-
| rowspan="7" | 2:1 to 1:0 (hard-of-basic)
| rowspan="7" | 2:1 to 1:0<br />(hard-of-basic)
| rowspan="3" | 2:1 to 3:1 (hypohard)
| rowspan="3" | 2:1 to 3:1<br />(hypohard)
| 2:1 to 5:2 (minihard)
| 2:1 to 5:2<br />(minihard)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
| '''5:2 (semihard)'''
| '''5:2<br />(semihard)'''
|
| 2.5
|  
|-
|-
| 5:2 to 3:1 (quasihard)
| 5:2 to 3:1<br />(quasihard)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
| '''3:1 (hard)'''
| '''3:1<br />(hard)'''
| 3
| Also called monohard
| Also called monohard
|-
|-
| colspan="2" | 3:1 to 4:1 (parahard)
| colspan="2" | 3:1 to 4:1<br />(parahard)
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
| '''4:1 (superhard)'''
| '''4:1<br />(superhard)'''
|
| 4
|  
|-
|-
| colspan="2" | 4:1 to 1:0 (ultrahard)
| colspan="2" | 4:1 to 1:0<br />(ultrahard)
|
|
|  
| Step ratios especially close to 1:0 may be called pseudocollapsed
| Step ratios especially close to 1:0 may be called pseudocollapsed
|-
|-
|
|  
|
|  
|
|  
| '''1:0 (collapsed)'''
| '''1:0<br />(collapsed)'''
| infinity
| Trivial/pathological
| Trivial/pathological
|}
|}
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=== Naming mos chords ===
=== Naming mos chords ===
To denote a chord or a mode on a given degree, write the notes of the chord separated by spaces or commas, or the mode, in parentheses after the degree symbol. The most explicit option is to write out the chord in cents, edosteps or mossteps (e.g. in [[13edo]] [[5L&nbsp;3s]], the ({{nowrap|0 369 646}}) chord can be written ({{nowrap|0 4 7}})\13, ({{nowrap|P0ms M2ms M4ms}}), or {{nowrap|7{{pipe}}0 (0 2 4ms)}} and to write the mode. To save space, you can use whatever names or abbreviations for the chord or mode you have defined for the reader. For example, in the LsLLsLLs mode of 5L&nbsp;3s, we have m2md(0 369 646), or the chord ({{nowrap|0 369 646}}) on the 2-mosdegree which is a minor 2-mosstep. The LsLLsLLs mode also has m2md(7|0), meaning that we have the 7|&nbsp;(LLsLLsLs) mode on the 2-mosdegree which is a minor 2-mosstep in LsLLsLLs (see [[TAMNAMS#Proposal:%20Naming%20mos%20modes|below]] for the convention we have used to name the mode).
To denote a chord or a mode on a given degree, write the notes of the chord separated by spaces or commas, or the mode, in parentheses after the degree symbol. The most explicit option is to write out the chord in cents, edosteps or mossteps (e.g. in [[13edo]] [[5L&nbsp;3s]], the ({{nowrap|0 369 646}}) chord can be written ({{nowrap|0 4 7}})\13, ({{nowrap|P0ms M2ms M4ms}}), or {{nowrap|7{{!}}0 (0 2 4ms)}} and to write the mode. To save space, you can use whatever names or abbreviations for the chord or mode you have defined for the reader. For example, in the LsLLsLLs mode of 5L&nbsp;3s, we have m2md(0 369 646), or the chord ({{nowrap|0 369 646}}) on the 2-mosdegree which is a minor 2-mosstep. The LsLLsLLs mode also has m2md(7|0), meaning that we have the 7|&nbsp;(LLsLLsLs) mode on the 2-mosdegree which is a minor 2-mosstep in LsLLsLLs (see [[TAMNAMS#Proposal:%20Naming%20mos%20modes|below]] for the convention we have used to name the mode).


To analyze a chord as an inversion of another chord (i.e. when the bass is not seen as the root), the following strategies can be used:
To analyze a chord as an inversion of another chord (i.e. when the bass is not seen as the root), the following strategies can be used:
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{| class="wikitable center-all"
{| class="wikitable center-all"
|+ style="font-size: 110%;" | TAMNAMS moss names
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | TAMNAMS moss names
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | 6-note mosses
! colspan="5" | 6-note mosses
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| [[1L&nbsp;6s]] || onyx || on- || on || Sounds like "one-six" depending on one's pronunciation; also called ''anti-archeotonic<ref group="note" name="anti-name">Alternate name based on the name of its sister mos, with anti- prefix added.</ref>''.
| [[1L&nbsp;6s]] || onyx || on- || on || Sounds like "one-six" depending on one's pronunciation; also called ''anti-archeotonic<ref group="note" name="anti-name">Alternate name based on the name of its sister mos, with anti- prefix added.</ref>''.
|-
|-
| [[2L&nbsp;5s]] || antidiatonic || pel- || pel || Opposite Pattern of diatonic;pel- is from pelog.
| [[2L&nbsp;5s]] || antidiatonic || pel- || pel || Opposite pattern of diatonic; pel- is from pelog.
|-
|-
| [[3L&nbsp;4s]] || mosh || mosh- || mosh || From "mohajira-ish", a name from [[Graham Breed's MOS naming scheme|Graham Breed's naming scheme]].
| [[3L&nbsp;4s]] || mosh || mosh- || mosh || From "mohajira-ish", a name from [[Graham Breed's MOS naming scheme|Graham Breed's naming scheme]].
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| [[9L&nbsp;1s]] || sinatonic || sina- || si || Derived from the generator being within the range of a [[sinaic]].
| [[9L&nbsp;1s]] || sinatonic || sina- || si || Derived from the generator being within the range of a [[sinaic]].
|}
|}
<references group="note" />


=== Expansion to smaller mosses ===
=== Expansion to smaller mosses ===
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Various users have proposed names for mosses with more than 10 steps, commonly referred to as "TAMNAMS extensions". Chief among these are the following:
Various users have proposed names for mosses with more than 10 steps, commonly referred to as "TAMNAMS extensions". Chief among these are the following:


*[[User:Frostburn/TAMNAMS Extension]]
* [[User:Frostburn/TAMNAMS Extension]]
*[[User:Ganaram inukshuk/TAMNAMS Extension]]
* [[User:Ganaram inukshuk/TAMNAMS Extension]]


== Naming mos modes ==
== Naming mos modes ==
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For modes with altered scale degrees, the abbreviations for the scale degrees are listed after the UDP for the mode.
For modes with altered scale degrees, the abbreviations for the scale degrees are listed after the UDP for the mode.
{{MOS mode degrees|Scale Signature=5L 3s|MOS Prefix=mos|MODMOS Step Pattern=LsLsLLLs|Mode Names=Default}}
{{MOS mode degrees|Scale Signature=5L 3s|MOS Prefix=mos|MODMOS Step Pattern=LsLsLLLs|Mode Names=Default}}
Notation, such as [[Diamond-mos notation|diamond-mos]], can be used instead of the abbreviation of a mosdegree. For example, LsLsLLLs can be written {{nowrap|"5L 3s 5{{pipe}}2 m4md"}}. {{nowrap|"5L 3s 5{{pipe}}2 @4d"}}.
Notation, such as [[Diamond-mos notation|diamond-mos]], can be used instead of the abbreviation of a mosdegree. For example, LsLsLLLs can be written {{nowrap|"5L 3s 5{{!}}2 m4md"}}. {{nowrap|"5L 3s 5{{!}}2 @4d"}}.


For a mos pattern given a name in TAMNAMS, there is also the option of using the prefix for the pattern instead of saying "xL ys": the 5L&nbsp;3s mode LsLLsLLs can be written "onei-5|2".
For a mos pattern given a name in TAMNAMS, there is also the option of using the prefix for the pattern instead of saying "xL ys": the 5L&nbsp;3s mode LsLLsLLs can be written "onei-5|2".
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== Appendix==
== Appendix==
=== Reasoning for step ratio names ===
=== Reasoning for step ratio names ===
{{Main|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}/Appendix#Reasoning for step ratio names}}
{{Main|TAMNAMS/Appendix#Reasoning for step ratio names}}


=== Reasoning for mos interval names ===
=== Reasoning for mos interval names ===
{{Main|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}/Appendix#Reasoning for mos interval names}}
{{Main|TAMNAMS/Appendix#Reasoning for mos interval names}}


=== Reasoning for mos pattern names ===
=== Reasoning for mos pattern names ===
{{Main|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}/Appendix#Reasoning for mos pattern names}}
{{Main|TAMNAMS/Appendix#Reasoning for mos pattern names}}
 
== Notes ==
<references group="note" />


[[Category:TAMNAMS]]
[[Category:TAMNAMS]]
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