Music Cognition Literature
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This page attempts to organize the music cognition literature in a way that's (hopefully) relevant to xenharmonics.
=Psychoacoustic=
=Non-Psychoacoustic=
* [[@http://openscholar.purchase.edu/meagan_curtis/publications/memory-and-musical-expectation-tones-cultural-context|Curtis, Meagan E., and Jamshed J. Bharucha. "Memory and musical expectation for tones in cultural context." Music Perception. 26.4 (2009): 365-375.]](Free full text)
** Mike's Summary:
*** The main argument of this paper is "A culturally familiar musical context leads people to mistakenly believe that tones that are missing from that context were actually present. Tones that typically co-occur in a mode form a Gestalt representation, such that fragments of the mode can cause the missing tones to be cognitively filled in."
*** The authors do a test where they either play "tone sets" from the scale C D E F G A B C ("Western") or C Db E F G Ab B C ("Indian") with some missing, and then play another "test tone" to see if the subjects can determine if the test tone was present or not. The test tone could either be something that's also in the same scale the tone set is derived from ("congruent") or not ("incongruent"). Reaction time is also measured.
*** The aim is to determine the percentage of "false alarms" - instances where a subject mistakenly thinks a scale is present when it's actually not. Their hypothesis: "The goal... was to gauge whether participants would be likely to make false alarms when presented with modally congruous tones that weren’t in the stimulus." (i.e. they play C D E F A B C and the subject mistakenly thinks a G was present)
*** They appear to have produced negative data with their result: the highest probability of error occurred with "Indian" tone sets and "incongruous" test tones. They write: "The main effect of test tone congruity was significant… with a higher percentage of errors occurring on culturally incongruous test tones than on congruous test tones… The main effect of stimulus tonality(Western/Indian) was not significant".
*** Then, as if this didn't happen, they write "The false alarm effects reported above suggest criterion shifts,which would be expected for a process of “filling in” or expectation: tones that are filled in or expected are activated by the context, thereby biasing the judgment in favor of saying that the test tone is present." - !! I'm not sure if this is an error, or if they're trying to suggest something in the data which isn't there, or what's going on.
*** However, it does appear that test tones present in the "Western" scale (i.e. "Western/congruent" and "Indian/incongruent" situations) are processed more slowly than other tones. They also go on to compute something called a "d'score" that I'm not familiar, which shows "that participants were less sensitive to whether the incongruous test tones were present in the tone sets than they were to the presence of the congruous test tones."
*** All in all, a mildly interesting, but weak study.Original HTML content:
<html><head><title>Music Cognition Literature</title></head><body>This page attempts to organize the music cognition literature in a way that's (hopefully) relevant to xenharmonics.<br /> <br /> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:0:<h1> --><h1 id="toc0"><a name="Psychoacoustic"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:0 -->Psychoacoustic</h1> <br /> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:2:<h1> --><h1 id="toc1"><a name="Non-Psychoacoustic"></a><!-- ws:end:WikiTextHeadingRule:2 -->Non-Psychoacoustic</h1> <ul><li><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://openscholar.purchase.edu/meagan_curtis/publications/memory-and-musical-expectation-tones-cultural-context" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Curtis, Meagan E., and Jamshed J. Bharucha. "Memory and musical expectation for tones in cultural context." Music Perception. 26.4 (2009): 365-375.</a>(Free full text)<ul><li>Mike's Summary:<ul><li>The main argument of this paper is "A culturally familiar musical context leads people to mistakenly believe that tones that are missing from that context were actually present. Tones that typically co-occur in a mode form a Gestalt representation, such that fragments of the mode can cause the missing tones to be cognitively filled in."</li><li>The authors do a test where they either play "tone sets" from the scale C D E F G A B C ("Western") or C Db E F G Ab B C ("Indian") with some missing, and then play another "test tone" to see if the subjects can determine if the test tone was present or not. The test tone could either be something that's also in the same scale the tone set is derived from ("congruent") or not ("incongruent"). Reaction time is also measured.</li><li>The aim is to determine the percentage of "false alarms" - instances where a subject mistakenly thinks a scale is present when it's actually not. Their hypothesis: "The goal... was to gauge whether participants would be likely to make false alarms when presented with modally congruous tones that weren’t in the stimulus." (i.e. they play C D E F A B C and the subject mistakenly thinks a G was present)</li><li>They appear to have produced negative data with their result: the highest probability of error occurred with "Indian" tone sets and "incongruous" test tones. They write: "The main effect of test tone congruity was significant… with a higher percentage of errors occurring on culturally incongruous test tones than on congruous test tones… The main effect of stimulus tonality(Western/Indian) was not significant".</li><li>Then, as if this didn't happen, they write "The false alarm effects reported above suggest criterion shifts,which would be expected for a process of “filling in” or expectation: tones that are filled in or expected are activated by the context, thereby biasing the judgment in favor of saying that the test tone is present." - !! I'm not sure if this is an error, or if they're trying to suggest something in the data which isn't there, or what's going on.</li><li>However, it does appear that test tones present in the "Western" scale (i.e. "Western/congruent" and "Indian/incongruent" situations) are processed more slowly than other tones. They also go on to compute something called a "d'score" that I'm not familiar, which shows "that participants were less sensitive to whether the incongruous test tones were present in the tone sets than they were to the presence of the congruous test tones."</li><li>All in all, a mildly interesting, but weak study.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></body></html>