Trumpet: Difference between revisions

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== Intonation ==

This section is largely ~~supported by~~ the article [http://www.tonalsoft.com/monzo/trumpet/trumpet-intonation.aspx Intonation of the valve trumpet] by Joseph Monzo.

This section is largely taken from the article [http://www.tonalsoft.com/monzo/trumpet/trumpet-intonation.aspx Intonation of the valve trumpet] by Joseph Monzo.

As noted in the opening section, trumpets are justly tuned. A trumpet is based on the [[harmonic series]], and each valve of the trumpet lowers the pitch. Later in this article, in the retuning section, valves are described to lower the pitch of the instrument in clean cent values (i.e. 100c, 200c, 300c). This works for a general basis of understanding retuning; however, valve tubing lengths are also tuned on a just intonation basis. In general, the first valve tubing is 1/8th the length of the main slide, the second 1/15th, the third 1/5th.

From ~~Joseph Monzo~~:<blockquote>the 1st valve lowers the pitch by a 9:8 ratio (-~204 cents = "2 semitones"),

From the article:

the 1st valve lowers the pitch by a 9:8 ratio (-~204 cents = "2 semitones"),

the 2nd by a 16:15 (-~112 cents = "1 semitone"), and

the 3rd by a 6:5 (-~316 cents = "3 semitones").</blockquote>Monzo continues, explaining that combining valves will change these ratios to more complex values. I don't intend to repeat his work beat for beat, so consider reading that article. Regardless, the combinations themselves:

the 3rd by a 6:5 (-~316 cents = "3 semitones").

</blockquote>

Monzo continues, explaining that combining valves will change these ratios to more complex values. I don't intend to repeat his work beat for beat, so consider reading that article. Regardless, the combinations themselves:

{| class="wikitable"

|+Intonation of trumpet valve combinations

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| -572

|}

Observe that as valve combinations grow, the pitch sharpens from its target more and more (i.e. the valve combination 123 should target -600c but ends up 28 cents sharp).

Observe that as valve combinations grow, the pitch sharpens from its target more and more (i.e. the valve combination 123 should target -600c but ends up 28 cents sharp). This is why, for large combinations like 13 and 123, it's advised in 12edo tuning to kick your third valve slide to accommodate this sharpening effect.

== Custom trumpets and quartertone trumpets ==

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In 2018, Monette shared a [https://www.monette.net/post/2018/04/20/our-first-ever-custom-quarter-tone-trumpet post] about their "first ever custom quarter-tone trumpet."

~~=== The Microtonal Trumpet ===~~

Stephen Altoft and Donald Bousted created a trumpet project titled "The Microtonal Trumpet," creating microtonal trumpets using [[wikipedia:Rotary_valve|rotary valves]] which can play in [[19edo]], [[24edo]], and [[48edo]].

=== Other ===

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4IRPPFnbEk Vasilis Nalbantis] created a xenharmonic trumpet, the "Nalbantis," designed to play maqams. Unlike other trumpets listed, the additional button is pressure-sensitive, allowing for more pitches, but less pitch accuracy, when playing the trumpet. The button changes the length of the tuning slide.

Stephen Altoft and Donald Bousted created a trumpet project titled "The Microtonal Trumpet," creating microtonal trumpets using [[wikipedia:Rotary_valve|rotary valves]] which can play in [[19edo]], [[24edo]], and [[48edo]].

== Other methods of xenharmonic playing==

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=== Quartertones ===

==== ~~Retuning valves~~ ====

==== Alternative fingerings ====

Quartertones for most notes can be approximated well with alternative fingerings and the third valve slide.

Quartertones for most notes can be approximated well with alternative fingerings and the use of the third valve slide.

Refer to the fingering chart (starting at middle G and ascending):

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"On the four valve quarter-tone trumpet the first three valves operate exactly like the normal three valve trumpet. The fourth valve lowers any combination of the first three by a quarter of a tone. Because this is the way the trumpet operates, I have found it expedient to always indicate quarter tones for the trumpet with the arrow downward. This means the trumpeter has only to play whatever note [they see], whether natural, sharped or flatted, and if the arrow points downward in front of it [they] merely [depress] the fourth valve to get the proper tone."

</blockquote>This notation system could be quickly adapted to most other common tunings for the trumpet. For 24edo, the notation system can be referred to as "[[Don Ellis notation]]" or "Ellis notation."

</blockquote>

This notation system could be quickly adapted to most other common tunings for the trumpet. For 24edo, the notation system can be referred to as "[[Don Ellis notation]]" or "Ellis notation."

For the Nalbantis trumpet, Vasilis created a simple notation system for 48 divisions, which can be seen in his piece, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPGdyt11O3w Χερουβικός Ύμνος].

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 == Intonation ==
-This section is largely supported by the article [http://www.tonalsoft.com/monzo/trumpet/trumpet-intonation.aspx Intonation of the valve trumpet] by Joseph Monzo.
+This section is largely taken from the article [http://www.tonalsoft.com/monzo/trumpet/trumpet-intonation.aspx Intonation of the valve trumpet] by Joseph Monzo.
 As noted in the opening section, trumpets are justly tuned. A trumpet is based on the [[harmonic series]], and each valve of the trumpet lowers the pitch. Later in this article, in the retuning section, valves are described to lower the pitch of the instrument in clean cent values (i.e. 100c, 200c, 300c). This works for a general basis of understanding retuning; however, valve tubing lengths are also tuned on a just intonation basis. In general, the first valve tubing is 1/8th the length of the main slide, the second 1/15th, the third 1/5th.
-From Joseph Monzo:<blockquote>the 1st valve lowers the pitch by a 9:8 ratio (-~204 cents = "2 semitones"),
+From the article:
+<blockquote sign="Joseph Monzo">
+the 1st valve lowers the pitch by a 9:8 ratio (-~204 cents = "2 semitones"),
 the 2nd by a 16:15 (-~112 cents = "1 semitone"), and
-the 3rd by a 6:5 (-~316 cents = "3 semitones").</blockquote>Monzo continues, explaining that combining valves will change these ratios to more complex values. I don't intend to repeat his work beat for beat, so consider reading that article. Regardless, the combinations themselves:
+the 3rd by a 6:5 (-~316 cents = "3 semitones").
+</blockquote>
+Monzo continues, explaining that combining valves will change these ratios to more complex values. I don't intend to repeat his work beat for beat, so consider reading that article. Regardless, the combinations themselves:
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+Intonation of trumpet valve combinations
@@ Line 37: / Line 41: @@
 | -572
 |}
-Observe that as valve combinations grow, the pitch sharpens from its target more and more (i.e. the valve combination 123 should target -600c but ends up 28 cents sharp).
+Observe that as valve combinations grow, the pitch sharpens from its target more and more (i.e. the valve combination 123 should target -600c but ends up 28 cents sharp). This is why, for large combinations like 13 and 123, it's advised in 12edo tuning to kick your third valve slide to accommodate this sharpening effect.
 == Custom trumpets and quartertone trumpets ==
@@ Line 64: / Line 68: @@
 In 2018, Monette shared a [https://www.monette.net/post/2018/04/20/our-first-ever-custom-quarter-tone-trumpet post] about their "first ever custom quarter-tone trumpet."
-=== The Microtonal Trumpet ===
-Stephen Altoft and Donald Bousted created a trumpet project titled "The Microtonal Trumpet," creating microtonal trumpets using [[wikipedia:Rotary_valve|rotary valves]] which can play in [[19edo]], [[24edo]], and [[48edo]].
 === Other ===
 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4IRPPFnbEk Vasilis Nalbantis] created a xenharmonic trumpet, the "Nalbantis," designed to play maqams. Unlike other trumpets listed, the additional button is pressure-sensitive, allowing for more pitches, but less pitch accuracy, when playing the trumpet. The button changes the length of the tuning slide.
+Stephen Altoft and Donald Bousted created a trumpet project titled "The Microtonal Trumpet," creating microtonal trumpets using [[wikipedia:Rotary_valve|rotary valves]] which can play in [[19edo]], [[24edo]], and [[48edo]].
 == Other methods of xenharmonic playing==
@@ Line 76: / Line 79: @@
 === Quartertones ===
-==== Retuning valves ====
+==== Alternative fingerings ====
-Quartertones for most notes can be approximated well with alternative fingerings and the third valve slide.
+Quartertones for most notes can be approximated well with alternative fingerings and the use of the third valve slide.
 Refer to the fingering chart (starting at middle G and ascending):
@@ Line 161: / Line 164: @@
 <blockquote sign="Don Ellis">
 "On the four valve quarter-tone trumpet the first three valves operate exactly like the normal three valve trumpet. The fourth valve lowers any combination of the first three by a quarter of a tone. Because this is the way the trumpet operates, I have found it expedient to always indicate quarter tones for the trumpet with the arrow downward. This means the trumpeter has only to play whatever note [they see], whether natural, sharped or flatted, and if the arrow points downward in front of it [they] merely [depress] the fourth valve to get the proper tone."
-</blockquote>This notation system could be quickly adapted to most other common tunings for the trumpet. For 24edo, the notation system can be referred to as "[[Don Ellis notation]]" or "Ellis notation."
+</blockquote>
+This notation system could be quickly adapted to most other common tunings for the trumpet. For 24edo, the notation system can be referred to as "[[Don Ellis notation]]" or "Ellis notation."
 For the Nalbantis trumpet, Vasilis created a simple notation system for 48 divisions, which can be seen in his piece, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPGdyt11O3w Χερουβικός Ύμνος].