Bill Sethares: Difference between revisions

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~~<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>~~

'''William A. Sethares''' (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with [[Andrew_Milne|Andrew Milne]] and [[Jim_Plamondon|Jim Plamondon]] on [[ismorphic_keyboards|isomorphic keyboards]], which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.

~~This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>~~

~~: This revision was by author [[User:Omegatron|Omegatron]] and made on <tt>2015-05-20 20:14:02 UTC</tt>.<br>~~

~~: The original revision id was <tt>551709158</tt>.<br>~~

~~: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>~~

~~The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>~~

~~<h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>~~

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">**William A. Sethares** (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with [[Andrew Milne]] and [[Jim Plamondon]] on [[~~ismorphic keyboards~~|isomorphic keyboards]], which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.

[[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html|His dissonance measure]] is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:

[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html His dissonance measure] is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:

[[image:http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif]]

External image: http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif<br>

: <small><b>WARNING</b>: MediaWiki doesn't have very good support for external images.</small><br>

: <small>Furthermore, since external images can break, we recommend that you replace the above with a local copy of the image.</small>

</div>

[[Category:IMPORTDEBUG - Change External Images]]

He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang|bonang]] used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, [[http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3|maps to the slendro scale used to tune them]] . "In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales."

He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang bonang] used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, [http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3 maps to the slendro scale used to tune them] . "In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales."

However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation. [[Joe Monzo]] explains the discrepancy by [[http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm|calling this measurement]] "[[roughness]]", not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with "[[tonalness]]" ([[Paul Erlich]]'s similarity to a [[harmonic series]]) to find the overall [[sonance]].

However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation. [[Joe_Monzo|Joe Monzo]] explains the discrepancy by [http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm calling this measurement] "[[roughness|roughness]]", not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with "[[tonalness|tonalness]]" ([[Paul_Erlich|Paul Erlich]]'s similarity to a [[harmonic_series|harmonic series]]) to find the overall [[sonance|sonance]].

[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares|Wikipedia article]]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares Wikipedia article]

[[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu|Homepage]~~]</pre></div>~~

~~<h4>Original HTML content:</h4>~~

[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu Homepage]

<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>Bill Sethares</title></head><body><strong>William A. Sethares</strong> (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with <a class="wiki_link" href="/Andrew%20Milne">Andrew Milne</a> and <a class="wiki_link" href="/Jim%20Plamondon">Jim Plamondon</a> on <a class="wiki_link" href="/ismorphic%20keyboards">isomorphic keyboards</a>, which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.<br />

~~<br />~~

<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html" rel="nofollow">His dissonance measure</a> is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:<br />

~~<br />~~

<img src="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif" alt="external image image1.gif" title="external image image1.gif" /><br />

~~<br />~~

He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang" rel="nofollow">bonang</a> used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3" rel="nofollow">maps to the slendro scale used to tune them</a> . &quot;In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales.&quot;<br />

~~<br />~~

However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation. <a class="wiki_link" href="/Joe%20Monzo">Joe Monzo</a> explains the discrepancy by <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm" rel="nofollow">calling this measurement</a> &quot;<a class="wiki_link" href="/roughness">roughness</a>&quot;, not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with &quot;<a class="wiki_link" href="/tonalness">tonalness</a>&quot; (<a class="wiki_link" href="/Paul%20Erlich">Paul Erlich</a>'s similarity to a <a class="wiki_link" href="/harmonic%20series">harmonic series</a>) to find the overall <a class="wiki_link" href="/sonance">sonance</a>.<br />

~~<br />~~

~~<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares" rel="nofollow">Wikipedia article</a><br />~~

~~<a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu" rel="nofollow">Homepage</a></body></html></pre></div>~~

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-<h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
+'''William A. Sethares''' (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with [[Andrew_Milne|Andrew Milne]] and [[Jim_Plamondon|Jim Plamondon]] on [[ismorphic_keyboards|isomorphic keyboards]], which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.
-This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
-: This revision was by author [[User:Omegatron|Omegatron]] and made on <tt>2015-05-20 20:14:02 UTC</tt>.<br>
-: The original revision id was <tt>551709158</tt>.<br>
-: The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
-The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
-<h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
-<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">**William A. Sethares** (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with [[Andrew Milne]] and [[Jim Plamondon]] on [[ismorphic keyboards|isomorphic keyboards]], which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.
-[[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html|His dissonance measure]] is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:
+[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html His dissonance measure] is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:
-[[image:http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif]]
+<div class='external-image-warning' style='background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right:0.5em; display:inline-block'>
+External image: http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif<br>
+: <small><b>WARNING</b>: MediaWiki doesn't have very good support for external images.</small><br>
+: <small>Furthermore, since external images can break, we recommend that you replace the above with a local copy of the image.</small>
+</div>
+[[Category:IMPORTDEBUG - Change External Images]]
-He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang|bonang]]  used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, [[http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3|maps to the slendro scale used to tune them]] .  "In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales."
+He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang bonang]  used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, [http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3 maps to the slendro scale used to tune them] .  "In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales."
-However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation.  [[Joe Monzo]] explains the discrepancy by [[http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm|calling this measurement]] "[[roughness]]", not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with "[[tonalness]]" ([[Paul Erlich]]'s similarity to a [[harmonic series]]) to find the overall [[sonance]].
+However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation.  [[Joe_Monzo|Joe Monzo]] explains the discrepancy by [http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm calling this measurement] "[[roughness|roughness]]", not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with "[[tonalness|tonalness]]" ([[Paul_Erlich|Paul Erlich]]'s similarity to a [[harmonic_series|harmonic series]]) to find the overall [[sonance|sonance]].
-[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares|Wikipedia article]]
+[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares Wikipedia article]
-[[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu|Homepage]]</pre></div>
-<h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
+[http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu Homepage]
-<div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Bill Sethares&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;strong&gt;William A. Sethares&lt;/strong&gt; (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and EE professor with extensive contributions to music theory. He is noted for work adjusting tuning and timbre based on the Plomp and Levelt approach to consonance, and work with &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Andrew%20Milne"&gt;Andrew Milne&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Jim%20Plamondon"&gt;Jim Plamondon&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/ismorphic%20keyboards"&gt;isomorphic keyboards&lt;/a&gt;, which have the same fingering in all keys and which can be seen as a generalization of the work of Bosanquet.&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/comprog.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;His dissonance measure&lt;/a&gt; is based on summing the Plomp-Levelt roughness for every pair of tones in a sound, which produces smooth dissonance curves for dyads of harmonic sounds that are similar to other measures:&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;!-- ws:start:WikiTextRemoteImageRule:0:&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif&amp;quot; alt=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; --&gt;&lt;img src="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu/images/image1.gif" alt="external image image1.gif" title="external image image1.gif" /&gt;&lt;!-- ws:end:WikiTextRemoteImageRule:0 --&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
-He then uses this to derive scales for timbres with non-harmonic spectra, such as the &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonang" rel="nofollow"&gt;bonang&lt;/a&gt;  used in gamelans, which, combined with harmonic spectra, &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID=1.3" rel="nofollow"&gt;maps to the slendro scale used to tune them&lt;/a&gt; .  &amp;quot;In the same way that Western harmonic instruments are related to Western scales, so the nonharmonic spectrum of gamelan instruments are related to the gamelan scales.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
-However, when applied to more than 2 tones, it measures major chords (4:5:6) and minor chords (10:12:15) as equally dissonant, which is not the usual interpretation.  &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Joe%20Monzo"&gt;Joe Monzo&lt;/a&gt; explains the discrepancy by &lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.tonalsoft.com/sonic-arts/td/erlich/entropy.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;calling this measurement&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/roughness"&gt;roughness&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, not dissonance, and stating that it must be combined with &amp;quot;&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/tonalness"&gt;tonalness&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (&lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/Paul%20Erlich"&gt;Paul Erlich&lt;/a&gt;'s similarity to a &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/harmonic%20series"&gt;harmonic series&lt;/a&gt;) to find the overall &lt;a class="wiki_link" href="/sonance"&gt;sonance&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sethares" rel="nofollow"&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
-&lt;a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://sethares.engr.wisc.edu" rel="nofollow"&gt;Homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</pre></div>