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| Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings.
| | Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments. |
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| See also [[The_Great_Xenharmonic_Fixed-Pitch_Instrument_Database|The Great Xenharmonic Fixed-Pitch Instrument Database]] .
| | Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]. |
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| {{Todo|rework <!-- list markup, links -->}}
| | Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]]. |
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| <ul><li>[[string_instruments|Strings]]
| | The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page. |
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| <ul><li>fretted: [[microguitar|guitars]], [[microbass|bass]], banjo, mandolin, [[Fun_With_Microtones|ukulele]], balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.</li><li>(unfretted) [[MicrotonalBowedStrings|violin etc.]], oud, [[qanun|qanun]], [[microbass|fretless bass]], harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau</li><li>[[autoharp|autoharp]]</li><li>[[moodswinger|moodswinger]]</li><li>[http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789 Home Made Canon]</li><li>[http://bp.b0b.com/2012/11/sierra-pedal-steel/ pedal steel]</li><li>[http://chrisvaisvil.com/diy-temporary-cable-tie-guitar-frets-version-2/ Cable Tie Frets] - instruction and examples on using cable ties as frets on a defretted guitar</li></ul></li><li>[[microtonal_brass|Brass]]:
| | == Winds == |
| | * [[Bassoon]] |
| | * [[Clarinet]] |
| | * [[Flugelhorn]] |
| | * [[Flute]] |
| | * [[Harmonica]] |
| | * [[Horn]] |
| | * [[Infinitone]] |
| | * [[Recorder]] |
| | * [[Saxophone]] |
| | * [[Shakuhachi]] |
| | * [[Trombone]] |
| | * [[Trumpet]] |
| | * [[Tuba]] |
| | * [[Udderbot]] |
| | * [[Whistle]] |
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| <ul><li>[[microtonal_trumpet|Trumpet]], [[microtonal_horn|Horn]], [[microtrombone|Trombone]] (duh!), [[microtonal_tuba|Tuba]], digeridoo, alphorn</li><li>[http://bwhisperer.com/index bwhisperer.com] JI-oriented website, "The Brass Whisperer's main aim is to play with subtle music tunings and coax brass players (and other musicians) into achieving delicious harmonies."</li></ul></li><li>[[microtonal_woodwinds|Woodwinds]]
| | == Percussion == |
| | * [[Bells]] |
| | * [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]] |
| | * [[Daxophone]] |
| | * [[Kalimba]] |
| | * [[Marimba]] |
| | * [[Tubulong]] |
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| <ul><li>Reedless Instruments: [[Flutes|Flutes]], [[microrecorder|Recorders]], [[Whistles|Whistles]]</li><li>Reed Instruments: [[Bassoons|Bassoons]], [[microtonal_clarinet|Clarinets]], [[Saxophones|Saxophones]], [[Oboes|Oboes]]</li></ul></li><li>[[mallet_percussion|Percussion]]
| | == Keyboards == |
| | {{Main| Keyboard }} |
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| <ul><li>[[mallet_percussion|mallet keyboards]]: vibraphone, xylophone, [[marimba|marimba]], glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.</li><li>tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing</li><li>bells: [[carillon|carillon]], [[Conic_Bellophone_in_96edo|conic bellophone]], [[tubulong|tubulong]], amglocken, handbells, [[zoomoozophone|zoomoozophone]], [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm sound tower/sound cube]</li><li>lamellophones: [[kalimba_(mbira)|kalimba (mbira)]], marimbula</li><li>friction idiophones: musical saw, wine glasses, [[nail_violin|nail violin]], [[Daxophone|Daxophone]]</li></ul></li><li>[[Microtonal_Keyboards|Keyboards]]: <span style="">Piano</span>, <span style="">Harpsichord</span>, <span style="">Organ</span>, <span style="">Clavichord, but also Synthesizers</span></li>
| | * [[Fluid piano]] |
| | * [[Piano]] |
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| <li>Web browser-based on-screen keyboards:<ul>
| | == Strings == |
| <li>
| | * [[Autoharp]] |
| [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal_Music_Study_using_specialized_chromatic_keyboards_and_Web_Audio_API|“Microtonal Music Study” family]] | | * [[Bowed strings]] |
| <li>
| | * [[Electric bass]] |
| <li>
| | * [[Guitar]] |
| </li>
| | * [[Harp]] |
| <li>ReTuner:
| | * [[Harpejji]] |
| <dd>[https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook]</dd><dd>[https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]</dd>
| | * [[Pedal steel guitar]] |
| </ul>
| | * [[Qanun]] |
| </li>
| | * [[Ukulele]] |
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| <li>[[Free_Reeds|Free Reeds]]:
| | == Electronics == |
| | * [[Moog Subharmonicon]] |
| | * [[Verbos Harmonic Oscillator]] |
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| <ul><li>[[Harmonica|Harmonica]]</li><li>Reed Organs, Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc.</li></ul></li><li>Others: [[udderbot|udderbot]], [[tubulong|tubulong]], [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 balloon flute]</li><li>[[Software|Software]], [[DAWs|DAWs]], [[List_of_Microtonal_Software_Plugins|plugins]]</li></ul>
| | == See also == |
| | | * [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]] |
| == Tuning-agnostic instruments == | | * [[List of microtonal hardware synths]] |
| These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture:
| | * [[:Category:Instruments]] |
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| * Fretless string instruments
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| ** Fretless bass
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| ** Fretless guitar
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| ** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble)
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| ** Oud
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| * String instruments with one pitch per string
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| ** Hammered dulcimer
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| * Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control
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| ** Trombone
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| ** [[Udderbot]]
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| * Musical saw
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| * [[Daxophone]] | |
| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theremin Theremin (originally named Termenvox)] | |
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| [[Category:Instruments]] | | == Further reading == |
| [[Category:Practice]] | | * Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments]. The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014. Volume Three, page 459. |
| [[Category:Tools]] | | * [https://archive.org/details/emi_archive/ Experimental Musical Instruments] journal |
| | * Fletcher and Rossing, [https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~pbarfuss/The_Physics_of_Musical_Instruments.pdf The Physics of Musical Instruments]. Springer-Verlag, 1991 |
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| [[Category:Todo:expand]] | | [[Category:Instruments| ]] |