Indian music: Difference between revisions

Line 26:

The tanpura typically has four strings.

In the most common tuning, the middle two strings are tuned to the tonic, the fourth ~~string an octave below, and~~ the ~~first string a~~ fifth ~~above~~ (so Pa-Sa~~-Sa-SA, where SA is an~~ octave below ~~Sa)~~.

In the most common tuning, the middle two strings are tuned to the tonic (Sa),

In ragas without a fifth (Pa), the first string ~~may be~~ tuned to the fourth (Ma) ~~instead.<ref name="sambamoorthy1957drones" />~~

and the first and fourth strings are tuned to the fifth (Pa) and tonic (Sa) in the octave below.<ref name="sambamoorthy1957drones" />

~~In some cases the first string may be tuned to the sixth (Dha),~~ seventh (Ni~~), or third (Ga~~).<ref name="~~ghosh2019acoustic~~" />

In ragas without a fifth (Pa), the first string is tuned to another note instead, most commonly the fourth (Ma) or seventh (Ni).<ref name="clarke2024rags" />

Sambamoorthy's [[#sambamoorthy1957drones|book on drones]] discusses the tanpura and other instruments used to provide drones.

Line 57:

Ravi Kiran, [https://archive.org/details/appreciatingcarn0000ravi/ Appreciating Carnatic Music]. Ganesh & Co, 1997.

~~</ref>~~

~~<ref name="ghosh2019acoustic">~~

~~A.K. Datta, R. Sengupta, K. Banerjee, D. Ghosh, [https://www.scribd.com/document/711012005/Acoustical-Analysis-of-the-Tanpura Acoustical Analysis of the Tanpura]. Springer, 2019.~~

</ref>

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 The tanpura typically has four strings.
-In the most common tuning, the middle two strings are tuned to the tonic, the fourth string an octave below, and the first string a fifth above (so Pa-Sa-Sa-SA, where SA is an octave below Sa).
+In the most common tuning, the middle two strings are tuned to the tonic (Sa),
-In ragas without a fifth (Pa), the first string may be tuned to the fourth (Ma) instead.<ref name="sambamoorthy1957drones" />
+and the first and fourth strings are tuned to the fifth (Pa) and tonic (Sa) in the octave below.<ref name="sambamoorthy1957drones" />
-In some cases the first string may be tuned to the sixth (Dha), seventh (Ni), or third (Ga).<ref name="ghosh2019acoustic" />
+In ragas without a fifth (Pa), the first string is tuned to another note instead, most commonly the fourth (Ma) or seventh (Ni).<ref name="clarke2024rags" />
 Sambamoorthy's [[#sambamoorthy1957drones|book on drones]] discusses the tanpura and other instruments used to provide drones.
@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
 <span id="kiran1997appreciating" />
 Ravi Kiran, [https://archive.org/details/appreciatingcarn0000ravi/ Appreciating Carnatic Music]. Ganesh & Co, 1997.
-</ref>
-<ref name="ghosh2019acoustic">
-A.K. Datta, R. Sengupta, K. Banerjee, D. Ghosh, [https://www.scribd.com/document/711012005/Acoustical-Analysis-of-the-Tanpura Acoustical Analysis of the Tanpura]. Springer, 2019.
 </ref>
 <ref name="sambamoorthy1957drones">