46edo: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox ET}} | {{Infobox ET}} | ||
{{ | {{ED intro}} | ||
== Theory == | == Theory == | ||
In the opinion of some, 46edo is the first equal division to deal adequately with the [[13-limit]], though others award that distinction to [[41edo]] or [[53edo]]. | In the opinion of some, 46edo is the first equal division to deal adequately with the [[13-limit]], though others award that distinction to [[41edo]] or [[53edo]]. 46edo's fifth is slightly sharp of just, which some people (e.g. [[Margo Schulter]]) prefer, sometimes strongly, over both the [[3/2|just fifth]] and fifths of temperaments with flat fifths, such as meantone. Many say that sharp fifths give a characteristic bright sound to 5-limit triads, and consider the sound of meantone triads to be more mellow in comparison. 46edo is not a [[The Riemann zeta function and tuning #Zeta EDO lists|zeta peak edo]], but it is a [[The Riemann zeta function and tuning #Zeta EDO lists|zeta gap edo]]. It is distinctly [[consistent]] in the [[9-odd-limit]], and it is consistent to the [[13-odd-limit]] or the no-15 no-19 [[23-odd-limit]]. | ||
[[Rank-2 temperament]]s it [[support]]s include [[sensi]], [[valentine]], [[shrutar]], [[rodan]], [[leapday]] and [[unidec]]. The [[11-odd-limit]] [[minimax tuning]] for valentine, (11/7)<sup>1/10</sup>, is only 0.01 cents flat of 3\46 octaves. | 46edo is also notable for being the smallest equal division to approximate harmonics 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13 with less than 25% [[relative interval error]]. | ||
[[Rank-2 temperament]]s it [[support]]s include [[sensi]], [[valentine]], [[shrutar]], [[rodan]], [[leapday]], and [[unidec]]. The [[11-odd-limit]] [[minimax tuning]] for valentine, (11/7)<sup>1/10</sup>, is only 0.01 cents flat of 3\46 octaves. | |||
[[Magic22 as srutis #Shrutar.5B22.5D_as_srutis|Shrutar22 as srutis]] describes a possible use of 46edo for [[Indian]] music. | [[Magic22 as srutis #Shrutar.5B22.5D_as_srutis|Shrutar22 as srutis]] describes a possible use of 46edo for [[Indian]] music. | ||
=== Prime harmonics === | === Prime harmonics === | ||
{{Harmonics in equal|46|columns= | {{Harmonics in equal|46|columns=9}} | ||
{{Harmonics in equal|46|columns= | {{Harmonics in equal|46|columns=9|start=10|collapsed=true|title=Approximation of prime harmonics in 46edo (continued)}} | ||
=== Subsets and supersets === | === Subsets and supersets === | ||
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! Approximate ratios<ref name="interval ratios" group="note">{{sg|limit=2.3.5.7.11.13.17.23 subgroup}} However, ratios of 15 are not included here, as except for 15/8 and 16/15 themselves 46edo has intervals involving the 15th harmonic poorly approximated in general. This is because, while the 3rd and 5th harmonics are sharp and their deviations from just intonation add up, 7, 11, and 13 are all tuned flat, making the difference even larger. This prevents it from being [[consistent]] in the [[15-odd-limit]], as there is a discrepancy approximating [[15/13]] and [[26/15]]—9\46 is closer to 15/13 by a hair, but 10\46 represents the difference between 46edo's 15/8 and 13/8 and is more likely to appear in chords actually functioning as 15/13.</ref> | ! Approximate ratios<ref name="interval ratios" group="note">{{sg|limit=2.3.5.7.11.13.17.23 subgroup}} However, ratios of 15 are not included here, as except for 15/8 and 16/15 themselves 46edo has intervals involving the 15th harmonic poorly approximated in general. This is because, while the 3rd and 5th harmonics are sharp and their deviations from just intonation add up, 7, 11, and 13 are all tuned flat, making the difference even larger. This prevents it from being [[consistent]] in the [[15-odd-limit]], as there is a discrepancy approximating [[15/13]] and [[26/15]]—9\46 is closer to 15/13 by a hair, but 10\46 represents the difference between 46edo's 15/8 and 13/8 and is more likely to appear in chords actually functioning as 15/13.</ref> | ||
! colspan="3" | [[Ups and downs notation]] | ! colspan="3" | [[Ups and downs notation]] | ||
([[Enharmonic unisons in ups and downs notation|EUs]]: v<sup>5</sup>A1 and ^^d2) | |||
! colspan="3" | [[SKULO interval names|SKULO notation]] (K or S = 1, U = 2) | ! colspan="3" | [[SKULO interval names|SKULO notation]] (K or S = 1, U = 2) | ||
! colspan="2" | [[Solfege]] | ! colspan="2" | [[Solfege]] | ||
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| downminor | | downminor | ||
| zo | | zo | ||
| | | [a, b, 0, 1> | ||
| 7/6, 7/4 | | 7/6, 7/4 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| minor | | minor | ||
| fourthward wa | | fourthward wa | ||
| | | [a, b>, b < −1 | ||
| 32/27, 16/9 | | 32/27, 16/9 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| upminor | | upminor | ||
| gu | | gu | ||
| | | [a, b, −1> | ||
| 6/5, 9/5 | | 6/5, 9/5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| dupminor | | dupminor | ||
| ilo | | ilo | ||
| | | [a, b, 0, 0, 1> | ||
| 11/9, 11/6 | | 11/9, 11/6 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| dudmajor | | dudmajor | ||
| lu | | lu | ||
| | | [a, b, 0, 0, −1> | ||
| 12/11, 18/11 | | 12/11, 18/11 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| downmajor | | downmajor | ||
| yo | | yo | ||
| | | [a, b, 1> | ||
| 5/4, 5/3 | | 5/4, 5/3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| major | | major | ||
| fifthward wa | | fifthward wa | ||
| | | [a, b>, b > 1 | ||
| 9/8, 27/16 | | 9/8, 27/16 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| upmajor | | upmajor | ||
| ru | | ru | ||
| | | [a, b, 0, −1> | ||
| 9/7, 12/7 | | 9/7, 12/7 | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| zo | | zo | ||
| 6:7:9 | | 6:7:9 | ||
| | | 0–10–27 | ||
| C vEb G | | C vEb G | ||
| Cvm | | Cvm | ||
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| gu | | gu | ||
| 10:12:15 | | 10:12:15 | ||
| | | 0–12–27 | ||
| C ^Eb G | | C ^Eb G | ||
| C^m | | C^m | ||
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| ilo | | ilo | ||
| 18:22:27 | | 18:22:27 | ||
| | | 0–13–27 | ||
| C ^^Eb G | | C ^^Eb G | ||
| C^^m | | C^^m | ||
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| lu | | lu | ||
| 22:27:33 | | 22:27:33 | ||
| | | 0–14–27 | ||
| C vvE G | | C vvE G | ||
| Cvv | | Cvv | ||
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| yo | | yo | ||
| 4:5:6 | | 4:5:6 | ||
| | | 0–15–27 | ||
| C vE G | | C vE G | ||
| Cv | | Cv | ||
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| ru | | ru | ||
| 14:18:21 | | 14:18:21 | ||
| | | 0–17–27 | ||
| C ^E G | | C ^E G | ||
| C^ | | C^ | ||
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== Notation == | == Notation == | ||
=== Ups and downs notation === | |||
46edo can be notated with [[ups and downs]], spoken as up, dup, dudsharp, downsharp, sharp, upsharp etc. and down, dud, dupflat etc. Note that dudsharp is equivalent to trup (triple-up) and dupflat is equivalent to trud (triple-down). | |||
{{Sharpness-sharp5a}} | |||
Another notation uses [[Alternative symbols for ups and downs notation#Sharp-5|alternative ups and downs]]. Here, this can be done using sharps and flats with arrows, borrowed from extended [[Helmholtz–Ellis notation]]: | |||
{{Sharpness-sharp5}} | |||
=== Sagittal notation === | === Sagittal notation === | ||
This notation uses the same sagittal sequence as [[39edo#Sagittal notation| | This notation uses the same sagittal sequence as [[39edo #Sagittal notation|39edo]]. | ||
==== Evo flavor ==== | ==== Evo flavor ==== | ||
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default [[File:46-EDO_Revo_Sagittal.svg]] | default [[File:46-EDO_Revo_Sagittal.svg]] | ||
</imagemap> | </imagemap> | ||
== Approximation to JI == | == Approximation to JI == | ||
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| [[10/9]] || 36.1% || Normal || [[Mitonic]] || [[Unidec]], [[hendec]] | | [[10/9]] || 36.1% || Normal || [[Mitonic]] || [[Unidec]], [[hendec]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[31/24]] || 70.2% || Weak || | | [[31/24]] || 70.2% || Weak || [[Sensible]], [[sensi]] add-31 || [[Bison]] add-31, [[bisensi]] add-31 | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|} | |} | ||
For the 23rd-octave temperament that 46edo supports which combines all above 23-note circles, see [[icositritonic]]. | |||
== Regular temperament properties == | == Regular temperament properties == | ||
{| class="wikitable center-4 center-5 center-6" | {| class="wikitable center-4 center-5 center-6" | ||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | [[Subgroup]] | ! rowspan="2" | [[Subgroup]] | ||
! rowspan="2" | [[Comma list]] | ! rowspan="2" | [[Comma list]] | ||
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| Thothotrigu | | Thothotrigu | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
| 13 | |||
| [[351/350]] | |||
| {{Monzo| -1 3 -2 -1 0 1 }} | |||
| 4.94 | |||
| Thorugugu | |||
| Ratwolfsma | |||
|- | |||
| 13 | |||
| [[352/351]] | |||
| {{monzo| 5 -3 0 0 1 -1 }} | |||
| 4.93 | |||
| Thulo | |||
| Minor minthma | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 17 | | 17 | ||
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{| class="wikitable center-1 center-2 center-3 center-4" | {| class="wikitable center-1 center-2 center-3 center-4" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Periods <br | ! Periods<br>per 8ve | ||
! Generator | ! Generator | ||
! Cents | ! Cents | ||
! Temperaments | ! Temperaments | ||
! MOS | ! MOS scales | ||
! L:s | ! L:s | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| [[Rodan]] | | [[Rodan]] | ||
| [[1L 4s]] (5-tone)<br>[[1L 5s]] (6-tone)<br>[[5L 6s]] (11-tone)<br>5L 11s (16-tone)<br>5L 16s (21-tone)<br>5L 21s (26-tone)<br>5L 26s (31-tone)<br>5L 31s (36-tone)<br>5L 36s (41-tone) | | [[1L 4s]] (5-tone)<br>[[1L 5s]] (6-tone)<br>[[5L 6s]] (11-tone)<br>5L 11s (16-tone)<br>5L 16s (21-tone)<br>5L 21s (26-tone)<br>5L 26s (31-tone)<br>5L 31s (36-tone)<br>5L 36s (41-tone) | ||
| 10:9 ~QE<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | | 10:9 ~QE<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 11\46 | | 11\46 | ||
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| [[Amity]] / [[hitchcock]] | | [[Amity]] / [[hitchcock]] | ||
| [[4L 3s]] (7-tone)<br>[[7L 4s]] (11-tone)<br>7L 11s (18-tone)<br>7L 18s (25-tone)<br>7L 25s (32-tone)<br>7L 32s (39-tone) | | [[4L 3s]] (7-tone)<br>[[7L 4s]] (11-tone)<br>7L 11s (18-tone)<br>7L 18s (25-tone)<br>7L 25s (32-tone)<br>7L 32s (39-tone) | ||
| 7:6 ~ QE<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | | 7:6 ~ QE<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 15\46 | | 15\46 | ||
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| [[Magus]] / [[amigo]] | | [[Magus]] / [[amigo]] | ||
| [[1L 2s]] (3-tone)<br>[[3L 1s]] (4-tone)<br>[[3L 4s]] (7-tone)<br>[[3L 7s]] (10-tone)<br>3L 10s (13-tone)<br>3L 13s (16-tone)<br>3L 16s (19-tone)<br>3L 19s (21-tone)<br>3L 21s (24-tone)<br>3L 24s (27-tone)<br>3L 27s (30-tone)<br>3L 30s (33-tone)<br>3L 33s (36-tone)<br>3L 36s (39-tone)<br>3L 39s (42-tone) | | [[1L 2s]] (3-tone)<br>[[3L 1s]] (4-tone)<br>[[3L 4s]] (7-tone)<br>[[3L 7s]] (10-tone)<br>3L 10s (13-tone)<br>3L 13s (16-tone)<br>3L 16s (19-tone)<br>3L 19s (21-tone)<br>3L 21s (24-tone)<br>3L 24s (27-tone)<br>3L 27s (30-tone)<br>3L 30s (33-tone)<br>3L 33s (36-tone)<br>3L 36s (39-tone)<br>3L 39s (42-tone) | ||
| 16:15 ~ QE<br>15:1<br>14:1<br>13:1<br>12:1<br>11:1<br>10:1<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1 | | 16:15 ~ QE<br>15:1<br>14:1<br>13:1<br>12:1<br>11:1<br>10:1<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 17\46 | | 17\46 | ||
Line 1,125: | Line 1,142: | ||
| [[Bison]] | | [[Bison]] | ||
| 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[2L 4s]] (6-tone)<br>[[6L 2s]] (8-tone)<br>8L 6s (14-tone)<br>8L 14s (22-tone)<br>8L 22s (30-tone)<br>8L 30s (38-tone | | 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[2L 4s]] (6-tone)<br>[[6L 2s]] (8-tone)<br>8L 6s (14-tone)<br>8L 14s (22-tone)<br>8L 22s (30-tone)<br>8L 30s (38-tone | ||
| 17:6<br>11:6<br>6:5 ~ QE<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | | 17:6<br>11:6<br>6:5 ~ QE<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 7\46 | | 7\46 | ||
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| [[Abigail]] | | [[Abigail]] | ||
| 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[4L 2s]] (6-tone)<br>[[6L 2s]] (8-tone)<br>6L 8s (14-tone)<br>6L 14s (20-tone)<br>6L 20s (26-tone)<br>6L 26s (32-tone)<br>6L 32s (38-tone)<br>6L 38s (44-tone) | | 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[4L 2s]] (6-tone)<br>[[6L 2s]] (8-tone)<br>6L 8s (14-tone)<br>6L 14s (20-tone)<br>6L 20s (26-tone)<br>6L 26s (32-tone)<br>6L 32s (38-tone)<br>6L 38s (44-tone) | ||
| 15:8<br>8:7 ~ QE<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1 | | 15:8<br>8:7 ~ QE<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 9\46 | | 9\46 | ||
Line 1,155: | Line 1,172: | ||
| [[Vines]] | | [[Vines]] | ||
| 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[4L 2s]] (6-tone)<br>[[4L 6s]] (10-tone)<br>4L 10s (14-tone)<br>4L 14s (18-tone)<br>4L 18s (22-tone)<br>4L 22s (26-tone)<br>4L 26s (30-tone)<br>4L 30s (34-tone)<br>4L 34s (38-tone)<br>4L 38s (42-tone) | | 2L 2s (4-tone)<br>[[4L 2s]] (6-tone)<br>[[4L 6s]] (10-tone)<br>4L 10s (14-tone)<br>4L 14s (18-tone)<br>4L 18s (22-tone)<br>4L 22s (26-tone)<br>4L 26s (30-tone)<br>4L 30s (34-tone)<br>4L 34s (38-tone)<br>4L 38s (42-tone) | ||
| 12:11 ~ QE<br>11:1<br>10:1<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1 | | 12:11 ~ QE<br>11:1<br>10:1<br>9:1<br>8:1<br>7:1<br>6:1<br>5:1<br>4:1<br>3:1<br>2:1 ~ QE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 23 | | 23 | ||
Line 1,165: | Line 1,182: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | == Scales == | ||
{{Main| List of MOS scales in 46edo }} | |||
{| | |||
* [[Plum]] | * [[Plum]] | ||
* [[Compdye]] | * [[Compdye]] | ||
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=== Harmonic scales === | === Harmonic scales === | ||
46edo represents [[harmonic series|overtones]] 8 through 16 (written as [[JI]] ratios 8:9:10:11:12:13:14:15:16) with degrees 0, 8, 15, 21, 27, 32, 37, 42, 46. This corresponds to scale steps of 8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4. | 46edo represents [[harmonic series|overtones]] 8 through 16 (written as [[JI]] ratios 8:9:10:11:12:13:14:15:16) with degrees 0, 8, 15, 21, 27, 32, 37, 42, 46. This corresponds to scale steps of 8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4. | ||
* 8\46 (208.696 | * 8\46 (208.696{{c}}) stands in for frequency ratio [[9/8]] (203.910{{c}}). | ||
* 7\46 (182.609 | * 7\46 (182.609{{c}}) stands in for [[10/9]] (182.404{{c}}). | ||
* 6\46 (156.522 | * 6\46 (156.522{{c}}) stands in for [[11/10]] (165.004{{c}}) and [[12/11]] (150.637{{c}}). | ||
* 5\46 (130.435 | * 5\46 (130.435{{c}}) stands in for [[13/12]] (138.573{{c}}), [[14/13]] (128.298{{c}}) and [[15/14]] (119.443{{c}}). | ||
* 4\46 (104.348 | * 4\46 (104.348{{c}}) stands in for [[16/15]] (111.731{{c}}). | ||
{| class="wikitable center-all" | {| class="wikitable center-all" | ||
Line 1,264: | Line 1,250: | ||
== Instruments == | == Instruments == | ||
=== Lumatone === | |||
* [[Lumatone mapping for 46edo]] | * [[Lumatone mapping for 46edo]] | ||
=== Skip fretting === | |||
'''[[Skip fretting system 46 2 11]]''' is a [[skip fretting]] system for playing 46-edo on a 23-edo stringed instrument. | |||
'''Skip fretting system 46 7 11''' is another skip fretting system for 46edo. The examples on this page are for 7-string [[guitar]]. | |||
; Harmonics | |||
1/1: string 2 open | |||
2/1: string 3 fret 5 | |||
3/2: not easily accessible | |||
5/4: string 5 fret 4 | |||
== Music == | == Music == | ||
=== Modern renditions === | === Modern renditions === | ||
; {{W|Johann Sebastian Bach}} | ; {{W|Johann Sebastian Bach}} | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMEdFl2puL0 "Ricercar a 6" from ''The Musical Offering'', BWV 1079] (1747) – with syntonic-comma adjustment, rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2025) | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yetEubmIk0 "Contrapunctus 11" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742–1749) – rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024) | * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yetEubmIk0 "Contrapunctus 11" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742–1749) – rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024) | ||
Line 1,279: | Line 1,281: | ||
=== 21st century === | === 21st century === | ||
; [[Bryan Deister]] | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCpbbov1fSQ ''music box 46edo''] (2025) | |||
; [[Jake Freivald]] ([https://soundcloud.com/jdfreivald site]) | ; [[Jake Freivald]] ([https://soundcloud.com/jdfreivald site]) | ||
* [https://soundcloud.com/jdfreivald/a-seed-planted-yet-another ''A Seed Planted - (Yet another version: 46 EDO)''] [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Freivald/a_seed_planted-starling-46-EDO.mp3 play]{{dead link}} | * [https://soundcloud.com/jdfreivald/a-seed-planted-yet-another ''A Seed Planted - (Yet another version: 46 EDO)''] [http://micro.soonlabel.com/gene_ward_smith/Others/Freivald/a_seed_planted-starling-46-EDO.mp3 play]{{dead link}} | ||
Line 1,315: | Line 1,320: | ||
; [[Tristan Bay]] | ; [[Tristan Bay]] | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s61YY80E_IA ''Catalyst''] (2025) | * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s61YY80E_IA ''Catalyst''] (2025) | ||
; vivi mouse | |||
* [https://soundcloud.com/vivi-mouse-emoji/valentines-day ''valentine's day''] (2025) | |||
== Notes == | == Notes == |