List of approaches to musical tuning: Difference between revisions
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{{interwiki | {{interwiki | ||
| en = List of approaches to musical tuning | |||
| de = | | de = | ||
| es = | | es = | ||
| ja = 調律方法 | | ja = 調律方法 | ||
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== Defined approaches == | == Defined approaches == | ||
=== Shape-based === | |||
* [[Equal-step tuning]]s: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals. These include [[edo]]s (equal divisions of the octave), but also [[edonoi]] (equal divisions of [[nonoctave]] intervals). | * [[Equal-step tuning]]s: Tunings that use a single interval (and combinations thereof) to form a subtle monoculture of intervals. These include [[edo]]s (equal divisions of the octave), but also [[edonoi]] (equal divisions of [[nonoctave]] intervals). | ||
*[[MOS scale|Moment of symmetry (MOS)]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes. | * [[MOS scale|Moment of symmetry (MOS)]]: Tunings (or better, scales) that use iterations of a generating interval, modulo a period interval, to produce scales of two step-sizes. | ||
*[[Just intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: | * [[Tetrachord|Tetrachordal scales]]: the use of divided fourths as building blocks for composition. | ||
=== Ratio-based === | |||
* [[Just intonation]]: The tuning of pitches so that their fundamental frequencies are related by ratios of whole numbers. An infinite world of numerous models: | |||
** [[Adaptive just intonation]] | |||
** [[Combination product sets]] | ** [[Combination product sets]] | ||
** [[Detempering]] (including [[ringer scale]]s) | ** [[Detempering]] (including [[ringer scale]]s) | ||
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** Undertone scales/[[IFDO]]s | ** Undertone scales/[[IFDO]]s | ||
** etc. | ** etc. | ||
* [[Timbral tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g. the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series. | |||
*[[Timbral tuning]]: An approach similar to just intonation, but using an instrument's actual, non-harmonic overtone spectrum (e.g. the partials of a metal bar, drum head, or synthesized timbre) to relate frequencies instead of the harmonic series. | * [[Regular temperament]]s (including [[linear temperament]]s): a centuries-old practice that has recently undergone a mathematical facelift, in which just intonation is selectively and regularly detuned in various ways, to better meet a variety of compositional desires | ||
* [[Historical temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[Pythagorean tuning]], [[meantone]] tunings and [[well temperament]]s in Western common practice music. | |||
* [[Xenharmonic series]]: Just intonation but the entire matrix of just intervals is stretched, squished or otherwise warped or manipulated for interesting effect. | |||
=== Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures === | |||
*[[Historical temperaments]]: The (somewhat forgotten) use of [[Pythagorean tuning]], [[meantone]] tunings and [[well temperament]]s in Western common practice music. | * [[African]] (dozens of distinct traditions) | ||
* Musical traditions of indigenous, ancient, and/or non-Western cultures | * [[Ancient Greek]] | ||
* [[Arabic, Turkish, Persian|Arabic]] | |||
* [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Byzantine_Chant#The_scale Byzantine] | |||
* [[Wikipedia:Music of Croatia|Croatian]] (including the [[Istrian]] scale) | |||
* [[Music of Georgia|Georgian]] | |||
**[[Music of Georgia|Georgian]] | * [[Indian]] (e.g. North, South) | ||
* [[Indonesian]] (most famously [[gamelan]]) | |||
* [[Arabic, Turkish, Persian|Iranian (Persian)]] | |||
* [[Pre-Columbian South American Music|Pre-Columbian South American]] (e.g. Maya, Inca, Aztec) | |||
* [[Wikipedia:Music of Thailand|Thai]] | |||
**Many that use an [[equipentatonic]] or [[equiheptatonic]] scale | * [[Arabic, Turkish, Persian|Turkish]] | ||
* Many that use an [[equipentatonic]] or [[equiheptatonic]] scale | |||
== Subjective processes == | == Subjective processes == | ||
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** Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example) | ** Acoustically-based scales (resonant frequencies of performance space, for example) | ||
** Scale transformation and stretching | ** Scale transformation and stretching | ||
** Counter-intuitive, random, arbitrary scales | ** Counter-intuitive, random, or [[:Category:Novelties|arbitrary]] scales | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||