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| <h2>IMPORTED REVISION FROM WIKISPACES</h2>
| | {{Catrel|Instruments}} |
| This is an imported revision from Wikispaces. The revision metadata is included below for reference:<br>
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| : This revision was by author [[User:hstraub|hstraub]] and made on <tt>2012-09-14 03:41:14 UTC</tt>.<br>
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| : The original revision id was <tt>364696328</tt>.<br>
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| : The revision comment was: <tt></tt><br>
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| The revision contents are below, presented both in the original Wikispaces Wikitext format, and in HTML exactly as Wikispaces rendered it.<br>
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| <h4>Original Wikitext content:</h4>
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| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html">Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings
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| * [[string instruments|Strings]]
| | Many kinds of musical instruments can be used to play [[microtonal music]], ranging from non-microtonal instruments (i.e. designed to be played in [[12edo]]) to custom-designed xenharmonic instruments. |
| ** fretted: [[microguitar|guitars]], banjo, mandolin, [[Fun With Microtones|ukulele]], balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.
| | |
| ** (unfretted) [[MicrotonalBowedStrings|violin etc.]], oud, [[qanun]], harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau | | Fixed pitch instruments make it easier for musicians to play notes accurately and reliably, although they give access to a limited set of pitches. Many non-microtonal instruments can be played microtonally without any modification to the instrument by using extended techniques, such as microtonal fingerings on woodwinds. Non-microtonal instruments can also be modified, either temporarily or permanently; this includes notably nonstandard (open) tunings on string instruments and [[Guitar#Refretting|guitar refretting]]. Finally, new instruments can be created from scratch; many such custom-designed instruments can be found in the [[list of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]]. |
| ** [[autoharp]] | | |
| ** [[moodswinger]] | | Continuous pitch instruments give access to a wider range of pitches, but often require more skill to be played accurately and reliably. The human voice falls in this category, along with other standard instruments such as [[bowed strings]] and [[trombone]]s. Some extended techniques allow for continuous pitch adjustments, even on fixed pitch instruments, such as [[Wikipedia:String bending|string bending]] on guitars and lip bending on wind instruments like [[trumpet]]s and saxophones. Several custom instruments also fall in this category, including the [[udderbot]] and the [[Infinitone]]. |
| ** [[@http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789|Home Made Canon]] | | |
| * [[microtonal brass|Brass]]: [[microtonal trumpet|Trumpet]], [[microtonal horn|Horn]], [[microtrombone|Trombone]] (duh!), [[microtonal tuba|Tuba]], digeridoo, alphorn | | The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments which can be used to play xenharmonic music. You can find additional information by following the links to each instrument's dedicated page. |
| * [[microtonal woodwinds|Woodwinds]] | | |
| > [[include component="page" wikiName="xenharmonic" page="microtonal woodwinds" ]]
| | == String instruments == |
| * [[Percussion]] | | === Plucked strings === |
| ** [[mallet percussion|mallet keyboards]]: vibraphone, xylophone, [[marimba]], glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc. | | * Fretted: |
| ** tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing | | **[[Guitar]] |
| ** bells: [[carillon]], [[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|conic bellophone]], [[tubulong]], amglocken, handbells, [[zoomoozophone]], [[http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm|sound tower/sound cube]] | | ** [[Electric bass]] |
| ** lamellophones: [[kalimba (mbira)]], marimbula | | **[[Pedal steel guitar]] |
| ** various? musical saw, wine glasses, [[nail violin]] | | **[[Fun With Microtones|Ukulele]] |
| * [[Microtonal Keyboards|Keyboards]]: <span class="wiki_link_new">Piano</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Harpsichord</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Organ</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Clavichord, but also Synthesizers</span> | | ** Others: banjo, bouzuki, mandolin, balalaika, sitar, [[Wikipedia:Moodswinger|moodswinger]], etc. |
| * [[Free Reeds]]: [[Harmonica]], Reed Organs, Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc. | | * Fretless: |
| * Do-It-Yourself / Junkmusic: [[udderbot]], [[tubulong]], [[http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051|balloon flute]], [[http://daxo.de|daxophone]] | | **[[Autoharp]] |
| * [[Software]]</pre></div> | | ** [[Electric bass|Fretless bass]] |
| <h4>Original HTML content:</h4>
| | ** [[Qanun]] |
| <div style="width:100%; max-height:400pt; overflow:auto; background-color:#f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #eaecf0; padding:0em"><pre style="margin:0px;border:none;background:none;word-wrap:break-word;width:200%;white-space: pre-wrap ! important" class="old-revision-html"><html><head><title>MicrotonalInstruments</title></head><body>Information on how to get musical instruments to play music in a variety of tunings<br />
| | ** Others: oud, harp, zither (including kantele), hammer dulcimer, [[Wikipedia:Đàn bầu|đàn bầu]], etc. |
| <br />
| | * Keyboard plucked strings |
| <ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/string%20instruments">Strings</a><ul><li>fretted: <a class="wiki_link" href="/microguitar">guitars</a>, banjo, mandolin, <a class="wiki_link" href="/Fun%20With%20Microtones">ukulele</a>, balalaika, viol, sitar, etc.</li><li>(unfretted) <a class="wiki_link" href="/MicrotonalBowedStrings">violin etc.</a>, oud, <a class="wiki_link" href="/qanun">qanun</a>, harps, zithers, hammer dulcimers, dan bau</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/autoharp">autoharp</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/moodswinger">moodswinger</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://chrisvaisvil.com/?p=789" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Home Made Canon</a></li></ul></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20brass">Brass</a>: <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20trumpet">Trumpet</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20horn">Horn</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtrombone">Trombone</a> (duh!), <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20tuba">Tuba</a>, digeridoo, alphorn</li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20woodwinds">Woodwinds</a><br />
| | ** Harpsichord |
| <!-- ws:start:WikiTextIncludeRule:00:&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/include/page?w=200&amp;h=100&quot; class=&quot;WikiMedia WikiMediaInclude&quot; id=&quot;wikitext@@include@@component=&amp;quot;page&amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;quot; page=&amp;quot;microtonal woodwinds&amp;quot;&quot; title=&quot;Include page: component=&amp;quot;page&amp;quot; wikiName=&amp;quot;xenharmonic&amp;quot; page=&amp;quot;microtonal woodwinds&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt; --><ul><li>Reedless Instruments: <a class="wiki_link" href="/Flutes">Flutes</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/microrecorder">Recorders</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/Whistles">Whistles</a></li><li>Reed Instruments: <a class="wiki_link" href="/Bassoons">Bassoons</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/microtonal%20clarinet">Clarinets</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/Saxophones">Saxophones</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/Oboes">Oboes</a></li></ul><!-- ws:end:WikiTextIncludeRule:00 --></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Percussion">Percussion</a><ul><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/mallet%20percussion">mallet keyboards</a>: vibraphone, xylophone, <a class="wiki_link" href="/marimba">marimba</a>, glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc.</li><li>tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing</li><li>bells: <a class="wiki_link" href="/carillon">carillon</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/Conic%20Bellophone%20in%2096edo">conic bellophone</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/tubulong">tubulong</a>, amglocken, handbells, <a class="wiki_link" href="/zoomoozophone">zoomoozophone</a>, <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm" rel="nofollow">sound tower/sound cube</a></li><li>lamellophones: <a class="wiki_link" href="/kalimba%20%28mbira%29">kalimba (mbira)</a>, marimbula</li><li>various? musical saw, wine glasses, <a class="wiki_link" href="/nail%20violin">nail violin</a></li></ul></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Microtonal%20Keyboards">Keyboards</a>: <span class="wiki_link_new">Piano</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Harpsichord</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Organ</span>, <span class="wiki_link_new">Clavichord, but also Synthesizers</span></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Free%20Reeds">Free Reeds</a>: <a class="wiki_link" href="/Harmonica">Harmonica</a>, Reed Organs, Accordion, Melodica, Khaen, etc.</li><li>Do-It-Yourself / Junkmusic: <a class="wiki_link" href="/udderbot">udderbot</a>, <a class="wiki_link" href="/tubulong">tubulong</a>, <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051" rel="nofollow">balloon flute</a>, <a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://daxo.de" rel="nofollow">daxophone</a></li><li><a class="wiki_link" href="/Software">Software</a></li></ul></body></html></pre></div>
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| | {{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add information about harpsichords, including microtonal harpsichords.}} |
| | |
| | === Bowed strings === |
| | * Fretted: |
| | ** [[Bowed strings|Viol family and other bowed fretted strings]] (viola da gamba, some types of violone, baryton, arpeggione, GuitarViol, fretted violin, etc.) |
| | * Fretless: |
| | ** [[Bowed strings|Violin family]] (violin, viola, cello, bass, some types of violone, etc.) |
| | ** Others: [[Wikipedia:Huqin|huqin]], etc. |
| | |
| | == Wind instruments == |
| | === Brass instruments === |
| | * [[Flugelhorn]] |
| | * [[Horn]] |
| | * [[Trumpet]] |
| | * [[Trombone]] |
| | * Others: tuba, digeridoo, alphorn, etc. |
| | |
| | === Woodwind instruments === |
| | * Reedless: |
| | ** [[Flute]] |
| | ** [[Recorder]] |
| | ** [[Shakuhachi]] |
| | ** [[Whistle]] |
| | ** Others: khaen, some very small organs, etc. |
| | * Reed: |
| | ** [[Bassoon]]/contrabassoon |
| | ** Oboe |
| | ** English horn |
| | ** Heckelphone/Lupophone |
| | ** [[Clarinet]] |
| | ** [[Harmonica]] |
| | ** [[Saxophone]] |
| | ** [[Fretless saxophone]] |
| | ** Others: reed organ, regal, accordion, melodica, etc. |
| | * Combination: |
| | ** Organ (usually has both flue and reed stops, and may also have percussion stops, especially in the case of theatre organs) |
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| | {{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add organ information page including microtonal organs.}} |
| | |
| | === Others === |
| | * [http://launch.groups.yahoo.com/group/oddmusic/message/17051 Balloon flute]{{dead link}} |
| | * [[Infinitone]] |
| | * [[Udderbot]] |
| | |
| | == Percussion instruments == |
| | * Mallet keyboards: |
| | ** [[Marimba]] |
| | ** Others: vibraphone, xylophone, glockenspiel, crotales, lithophone, etc. |
| | * Tuned drums: timpani, rototoms, pat waing, etc. |
| | * Bells: |
| | **[[Conic Bellophone in 96edo|Conic bellophone]] |
| | ** [http://www.ekmelic-music.org/en/instr/kk.htm Sound tower/sound cube]{{dead link}} |
| | **[[Tubulong]] |
| | **[[Zoomoozophone]] |
| | ** Others: carillon, amglocken, handbells, etc. |
| | * Lamellophones: |
| | ** [[Kalimba (mbira)]], marimbula |
| | * Friction idiophones: |
| | ** [[Daxophone]] |
| | ** Others: musical saw, wine glasses, nail violin, etc. |
| | * Hammered dulcimers (including [[wikipedia:yangqin|yangqin]] and lavachord, the latter of which also belongs to keyboard instruments) |
| | ** Finger-hammered dulcimers: [[harpejji]]. |
| | * [[Keyboard]]s: piano, tangent piano (including [[fluid piano]]), organ (when equipped with percussion stops), clavichord (including the Clavinet and its derivatives). |
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| | {{todo|inline=1|complete section|text=Add clavichord information page including microtonal derivatives of the Clavinet.}} |
| | |
| | == Electronic instruments == |
| | * [[Software]], [[DAWs]], [[List of Microtonal Software Plugins|plugins]] |
| | * Synthesizers: |
| | ** [[Lumatone]] |
| | ** [[SoMa Terra]] |
| | ** Others: see [[Keyboard#List of generalized keyboards]] |
| | * [[Novation Launchpad]] |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]] |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]] |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]] |
| | * Web browser-based on-screen keyboards: |
| | ** [[User:SAKryukov#Microtonal Fabric|“Microtonal Fabric” family]] |
| | ** ReTuner: [https://www.facebook.com/retuner on facebook], [https://encyclotronic.com/apps/microtonal/retuner-r24 on Encyclotronic]{{dead link}} |
| | |
| | == Tuning-agnostic instruments == |
| | These instruments can play in any microtonal scale out-of-the-box, because 12edo is not a part of their manufacture: |
| | |
| | *[[Daxophone]] |
| | * Fretless string instruments |
| | ** Fretless bass |
| | ** Fretless guitar |
| | ** Oud |
| | ** Violin, viola, cello, double bass (the string quartet is a whole tuning-agnostic ensemble) |
| | * Musical saw |
| | * String instruments with one pitch per string |
| | ** Hammered dulcimer (when provided with on-the-fly adjustable tuning mechanism, such as fluid dulcimer or the more modern versions of [[Wikipedia:Yangqin|Yangqin]]) |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Ondes Martenot|Ondes Martenot]] |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Theremin|Theremin]] |
| | * [[Wikipedia:Trautonium|Trautonium]] |
| | * Wind instruments with a slide or other continuous pitch control |
| | ** Trombone |
| | ** [[Fretless saxophone]] |
| | ** [[Infinitone]] |
| | ** [[Udderbot]] |
| | |
| | == See also == |
| | * [[List of xenharmonic fixed pitch instruments]] |
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| | == Further reading == |
| | * Hugh Davies/Alexander Bonus, [https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0003unse_w4m2/page/459/ Microtonal instruments], The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments, Second Edition, 2014 |
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| | [[Category:Instruments| ]] <!-- main article --> |