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The '''octave''' (abbreviation: '''8ve''', symbol: '''oct''', [[frequency ratio]]: '''2/1''') is one of the most basic [[Gallery of just intervals|intervals]] found in musical systems throughout the entire world. It has a frequency ratio of 2/1 and a size of 1200 [[cent]]s. It is used as the standard of [[interval size measure|logarithmic measurement]] for all intervals, regardless if they are justly tuned or not.

It is the first [[prime harmonic]], with the next being [[3/1]].

== Octave equivalence ==

The octave is usually called the '''interval of equivalence''', because tones separated by this interval are perceived as having the same "pitch class" despite their different absolute pitches. This equivalence is so strong that in most musical notation systems, notes separated by octaves share the same name. For the same reason, most [[~~scales~~]] or repeat at the octave.

The octave is usually called the '''interval of equivalence''', because tones separated by this interval are perceived as having the same [[pitch class]] despite their different absolute pitches. This equivalence is so strong that in most musical notation systems, notes separated by octaves share the same name. For the same reason, most [[scale]]s repeat at the octave.

~~The perception of octave equivalence appears to have both biological and cultural components.~~

Studies have shown that various non-human animals, including rhesus monkeys and rats, experience octave equivalence to a certain extent.<ref>Hoeschele M. [https://doi.org/10.3819/CCBR.2017.120002 ''Animal Pitch Perception: Melodies and Harmonies'']. Comp Cogn Behav Rev. 2017</ref>

However, the degree of octave equivalence perception varies across cultures, particularly in those with non-Western musical traditions.<ref>Jacoby, Nori et al. [https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DW39V ''Universal and Non-universal Features of Musical Pitch Perception Revealed by Singing'']. Current Biology, 2019.</ref>

~~When a different interval (such as the [[tritave]]) is used as the interval of equivalence, it is referred to as an [[equave]] or "formal octave"~~.

== Octave stretch ==

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* [[Prime interval]]

* [[Gallery of Just Intervals]]

* [[Toctave]]

* [[EDO]]

* [[Octave reduction]]

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 {{Wikipedia|Octave}}
 The '''octave''' (abbreviation: '''8ve''', symbol: '''oct''', [[frequency ratio]]: '''2/1''') is one of the most basic [[Gallery of just intervals|intervals]] found in musical systems throughout the entire world. It has a frequency ratio of 2/1 and a size of 1200 [[cent]]s. It is used as the standard of [[interval size measure|logarithmic measurement]] for all intervals, regardless if they are justly tuned or not.
+It is the first [[prime harmonic]], with the next being [[3/1]].
 == Octave equivalence ==
-The octave is usually called the '''interval of equivalence''', because tones separated by this interval are perceived as having the same "pitch class" despite their different absolute pitches. This equivalence is so strong that in most musical notation systems, notes separated by octaves share the same name. For the same reason, most [[scales]] or repeat at the octave.
+{{main|Interval of equivalence}}
+The octave is usually called the '''interval of equivalence''', because tones separated by this interval are perceived as having the same [[pitch class]] despite their different absolute pitches. This equivalence is so strong that in most musical notation systems, notes separated by octaves share the same name. For the same reason, most [[scale]]s repeat at the octave.
-The perception of octave equivalence appears to have both biological and cultural components.
-Studies have shown that various non-human animals, including rhesus monkeys and rats, experience octave equivalence to a certain extent.<ref>Hoeschele M. [https://doi.org/10.3819/CCBR.2017.120002 ''Animal Pitch Perception: Melodies and Harmonies'']. Comp Cogn Behav Rev. 2017</ref>
-However, the degree of octave equivalence perception varies across cultures, particularly in those with non-Western musical traditions.<ref>Jacoby, Nori et al. [https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DW39V ''Universal and Non-universal Features of Musical Pitch Perception Revealed by Singing'']. Current Biology, 2019.</ref>
-When a different interval (such as the [[tritave]]) is used as the interval of equivalence, it is referred to as an [[equave]] or "formal octave".
 == Octave stretch ==
@@ Line 39: / Line 36: @@
 * [[Prime interval]]
 * [[Gallery of Just Intervals]]
-* [[Toctave]]
 * [[EDO]]
 * [[Octave reduction]]