55edo: Difference between revisions

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{{interwiki
{{interwiki
| de =  
| de = 55-EDO
| en = 55edo
| en = 55edo
| es = 55 EDO
| es = 55 EDO
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}}
}}
{{Infobox ET}}
{{Infobox ET}}
{{EDO intro|55}}
{{ED intro}}


== Theory ==
== Theory ==
55edo can be used for a [[meantone]] tuning, and is close to [[1/6-comma meantone]] (and is almost exactly 10/57-comma meantone). {{w|Georg Philipp Telemann|Telemann}} suggested it as a theoretical basis for analyzing the [[meantone intervals|intervals of meantone]], in which he was followed by {{w|Leopold Mozart|Leopold}} and {{w|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Wolfgang Mozart}}. It can also be used for [[Meantone family|mohajira and liese]] temperaments. It also supports an extremely sharp tuning of [[huygens|Huygens/undecimal meantone]] using the 55de [[val]], meaning that primes 7 and 11 are mapped very sharply to their second-best mapping.
55edo can be used for a [[meantone]] tuning, and is close to [[1/6-comma meantone]] (and is almost exactly 10/57-comma meantone). {{w|Georg Philipp Telemann|Telemann}} suggested it as a theoretical basis for analyzing the [[meantone intervals|intervals of meantone]]. {{w|Leopold Mozart|Leopold}} and {{w|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Wolfgang Mozart}} recommended 55edo or something close to it, with a subset and further approximation used for keyboard instruments which (apart from an experimental instrument) did not have enough notes per octave to accommodate it in full.<ref>Chesnut, John (1977) ''Mozart's Teaching of Intonation'', '''Journal of the American Musicological Society''' Vol. 30, No. 2 (Summer, 1977), pp. 254-271 (Published By: University of California Press) [https://doi.org/10.2307/831219 doi.org/10.2307/831219], [http://www.jstor.org/stable/831219 https://www.jstor.org/stable/831219]</ref> It can also be used for [[Meantone_family#Mohajira|Mohajira]] and [[Meantone_family#Liese|Liese]] temperaments. It also supports an extremely sharp tuning of [[huygens|Huygens/undecimal meantone]] using the 55de [[val]], meaning that primes 7 and 11 are mapped very sharply to their second-best mapping.


=== Odd harmonics ===
=== Odd harmonics ===
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| 26
| 26
| 567.3
| 567.3
| 18/13
| [[7/5]], [[18/13]]
| vA4
| vA4
| downaug 4th
| downaug 4th
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| 27
| 27
| 589.1
| 589.1
| 7/5, 24/17
| 24/17
| A4, vd5
| A4, vd5
| aug 4th, downdim 5th
| aug 4th, downdim 5th
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| 28
| 28
| 610.9
| 610.9
| 10/7, 17/12
| 17/12
| ^A4, d5
| ^A4, d5
| upaug 4th, dim 5th
| upaug 4th, dim 5th
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| 29
| 29
| 632.7
| 632.7
| 13/9
| [[10/7]], [[13/9]]
| ^d5
| ^d5
| updim 5th
| updim 5th
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|}
|}
<nowiki />* 55f val (tending flat), inconsistent intervals labeled in ''italic''
<nowiki />* 55f val (tending flat), inconsistent intervals labeled in ''italic''
== Notation ==
=== Ups and downs notation ===
55edo can be notated with [[ups and downs]], spoken as up, dup, downsharp, sharp, upsharp etc. and down, dud, upflat etc. Note that dup is equivalent to dudsharp and dud is equivalent to dupflat.
{{Sharpness-sharp4a}}
[[Alternative symbols for ups and downs notation]] uses sharps and flats with arrows, borrowed from extended [[Helmholtz–Ellis notation]]:
{{Sharpness-sharp4}}
=== Sagittal notation ===
==== Evo flavor ====
<imagemap>
File:55-EDO_Evo_Sagittal.svg
desc none
rect 80 0 300 50 [[Sagittal_notation]]
rect 300 0 615 80 [https://sagittal.org#periodic-table Periodic table of EDOs with sagittal notation]
rect 20 80 160 106 [[896/891]]
rect 160 80 280 106 [[33/32]]
default [[File:55-EDO_Evo_Sagittal.svg]]
</imagemap>
==== Revo flavor ====
<imagemap>
File:55-EDO_Revo_Sagittal.svg
desc none
rect 80 0 300 50 [[Sagittal_notation]]
rect 300 0 599 80 [https://sagittal.org#periodic-table Periodic table of EDOs with sagittal notation]
rect 20 80 160 106 [[896/891]]
rect 160 80 280 106 [[33/32]]
default [[File:55-EDO_Revo_Sagittal.svg]]
</imagemap>
==== Evo-SZ flavor ====
<imagemap>
File:55-EDO_Evo-SZ_Sagittal.svg
desc none
rect 80 0 300 50 [[Sagittal_notation]]
rect 300 0 607 80 [https://sagittal.org#periodic-table Periodic table of EDOs with sagittal notation]
rect 20 80 160 106 [[896/891]]
rect 160 80 280 106 [[33/32]]
default [[File:55-EDO_Evo-SZ_Sagittal.svg]]
</imagemap>
=== 31-tone subset ===
The 31-out-of-55edo subset can be notated entirely with the standard notation of 7 each of naturals/sharps/flats, and 5 each of doublesharps/doubleflats, as a 31-tone chain-of-5ths from Gbb to Ax.
[[File:Monzo55Notation.jpeg|400px|frameless|alt=Diagram of 31-tone subset of 55edo using plain Western notation, by Joe Monzo.|Diagram of 31-tone subset of 55edo using plain Western notation, by [[Joe Monzo]].]]


== Approximation to JI ==
== Approximation to JI ==
[[File:55ed2.svg|250px|thumb|right|alt=alt : Your browser has no SVG support.|Selected 19-limit intervals approximated in 55edo]]
[[File:55ed2.svg|250px|thumb|right|alt=alt : Your browser has no SVG support.|Selected 19-limit intervals approximated in 55edo]]
=== Selected just intervals by error ===
=== Selected just intervals by error ===
{{Q-odd-limit intervals|55}}
{{Q-odd-limit intervals|55}}
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== Regular temperament properties ==
== Regular temperament properties ==
{| class="wikitable center-4 center-5 center-6"
{| class="wikitable center-4 center-5 center-6"
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Subgroup]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Subgroup]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Comma list|Comma List]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Comma list]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Mapping]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Mapping]]
! rowspan="2" | Optimal<br />8ve Stretch (¢)
! rowspan="2" | Optimal<br>8ve stretch (¢)
! colspan="2" | Tuning Error
! colspan="2" | Tuning error
|-
|-
! [[TE error|Absolute]] (¢)
! [[TE error|Absolute]] (¢)
! [[TE simple badness|Relative]] (%)
! [[TE simple badness|Relative]] (%)
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| {{mapping| 55 87 }}
| {{mapping| 55 87 }}
| +1.31
| +1.31
| 1.1915
| 1.19
| 7.21
| 7.21
|-
|-
| 2.3.5
| 2.3.5
| 81/80, 6442450944/6103515625
| 81/80, {{monzo| 31 1 -14 }}
| {{mapping| 55 87 128 }}
| {{mapping| 55 87 128 }}
| −0.13
| −0.13
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| 9.63
| 9.63
|}
|}
=== Uniform maps ===
{{Uniform map|edo=55}}


=== Commas ===
=== Commas ===
{{Todo|cleanup|inline=true}}
'''5-limit commas''': [[81/80]], [[Quintosec_family|{{monzo| 47 -15 -10 }}]], {{monzo| 31 1 -14 }}, {{monzo| 27 5 -15 }}
'''5-limit commas''': [[81/80]], [[Quintosec_family|{{monzo| 47 -15 -10 }}]], {{monzo| 31 1 -14 }}, {{monzo| 27 5 -15 }}


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|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Table of rank-2 temperaments by generator
|+ style="font-size: 105%;" | Table of rank-2 temperaments by generator
|-
|-
! Periods<br />per 8ve
! Periods<br>per 8ve
! Generator*
! Generator*
! Cents*
! Cents*
! Associated<br />Ratio*
! Associated<br>ratio*
! Temperaments
! Temperament
|-
|-
| 1
| 1
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| 14/13
| 14/13
| [[Twothirdtonic]] (55f)
| [[Twothirdtonic]] (55f)
|-
|1
|8\55
|174.5
|[[10/9]]~[[11/10]]
|[[Tetracot]] (55c)
|-
|-
| 1
| 1
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|-
|-
| 5
| 5
| 17\55<br />(5\55)
| 17\55<br>(5\55)
| 370.9<br />(109.1)
| 370.9<br>(109.1)
| 99/80<br />(16/15)
| 99/80<br>(16/15)
| [[Quintosec]]
| [[Quintosec]]
|-
|-
| 11
| 11
| 23\55<br />(3\55)
| 23\55<br>(3\55)
| 501.8<br />(65.5)
| 501.8<br>(65.5)
| 4/3<br />(36/35)
| 4/3<br>(36/35)
| [[Hendecatonic]] (55)
| [[Hendecatonic]] (55)
|}
|}
<nowiki />* [[Normal lists|Octave-reduced form]], reduced to the first half-octave, and [[Normal lists|minimal form]] in parentheses if it is distinct
<nowiki/>* [[Normal lists|Octave-reduced form]], reduced to the first half-octave, and [[Normal lists|minimal form]] in parentheses if distinct
 
== Scales ==
; Subsets of twothirdtonic[37]
* Undecimal otonal-like pentatonic: 17 8 7 12 11
 
; Subsets of hendecatonic[33]
* Septimal pentatonic-like: 10 13 9 13 10
* Septimal minor blues-like: 13 10 4 5 13 10
* Septimal heptatonic blues-like: 13 10 4 5 8 5 10
 
; Others
* Sakura-like scale containing [[phi]]: 9 6 18 5 17
* Quasi-[[equiheptatonic]] scale: 8 8 7 9 7 9 7


== Instruments ==
== Instruments ==
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=== Modern renderings ===
=== Modern renderings ===
; {{W|Johann Sebastian Bach}}
; {{W|Johann Sebastian Bach}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oymJKnYzzOw "Jesus bleibet meine Freude" from ''Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben'', BWV 147] (1723) &ndash; arranged for two organs, rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2021)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oymJKnYzzOw "Jesus bleibet meine Freude" from ''Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben'', BWV 147] (1723) arranged for two organs, rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2021)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5sIjh_Te40 "Contrapunctus 4" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742&ndash;1749) &ndash; rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoCNOIsjfeU "Ricercar a 3" from ''The Musical Offering'', BWV 1079] (1747) – rendered by [[Claudi Meneghin]] (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOPxqNgkVWM "Contrapunctus 11" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742&ndash;1749) &ndash; rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkRVNo19guo "Ricercar a 6" from ''The Musical Offering'', BWV 1079] (1747) – rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2025)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5sIjh_Te40 "Contrapunctus 4" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742–1749) rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOPxqNgkVWM "Contrapunctus 11" from ''The Art of Fugue'', BWV 1080] (1742–1749) rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)


; {{W|Nicolaus Bruhns}}
; {{W|Nicolaus Bruhns}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfOt3nOp-f8 ''Prelude in E Minor "The Great"''] &ndash; rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfOt3nOp-f8 ''Prelude in E Minor "The Great"''] rendered by [[Claudi Meneghin]] (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuIPIhSxUPs ''Prelude in E Minor "The Little"''] &ndash; rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuIPIhSxUPs ''Prelude in E Minor "The Little"''] – rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
 
; {{W|Georg Frideric Handel}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDvKPuzsno8 ''Fugue'' from "Suite in E minor", HWV 429] (1720) – arranged for Baroque ensemble and drums, rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2025)  


; {{W|Scott Joplin}}
; {{W|Scott Joplin}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbhpuoIJgxk ''Maple Leaf Rag''] (1899) &ndash; arranged for harpsichord and rendered by Claudi Meneghin (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbhpuoIJgxk ''Maple Leaf Rag''] (1899) arranged for harpsichord and rendered by [[Claudi Meneghin]] (2024)


; {{W|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart}}
; {{W|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_AML6XW-2g ''Rondo alla Turca'' from the Piano Sonata No. 11, KV 331] (1778) &ndash; rendered by Francium (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_AML6XW-2g ''Rondo alla Turca'' from the Piano Sonata No. 11, KV 331] (1778) rendered by Francium (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgRksdk6zyQ ''Fugue in G minor'', KV 401] (1782) &ndash; rendered by Francium (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgRksdk6zyQ ''Fugue in G minor'', KV 401] (1782) rendered by Francium (2023)
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/int/AdagioKV540.mp3 ''Adagio in B minor'', KV 540] (1788) &ndash; rendered by Carlo Serafini (2011) ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/706c4662272db7703def4d57edfcb955-119.html blog entry])
* [http://www.seraph.it/dep/int/AdagioKV540.mp3 ''Adagio in B minor'', KV 540] (1788) rendered by Carlo Serafini (2011) ([http://www.seraph.it/blog_files/706c4662272db7703def4d57edfcb955-119.html blog entry])
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFjJCj2MBTM ''Allegro'' from the Piano Sonata No. 16, KV 545] (1788) &ndash; rendered by Francium (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFjJCj2MBTM ''Allegro'' from the Piano Sonata No. 16, KV 545] (1788) rendered by Francium (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p88MWgdio14&list=PLC6ZSKWKnVz0mOTLQkCUi9ydWGLpBP8gZ&index=2 ''Mozart's Gigue KV 574, Arranged for Fortepiano (55-edo)''] – rendered by [[Claudi Meneghin]] (2025)


; {{W|Keiichi Okabe}}
; {{W|Keiichi Okabe}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L24G4Y7tZgI ''Yuutsu no Yuutsu''] (2006) &ndash; rendered by MortisTheneRd (2024)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L24G4Y7tZgI ''Yuutsu no Yuutsu''] (2006) rendered by MortisTheneRd (2024)


=== 21st century ===
=== 21st century ===
; [[Bryan Deister]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/l62rb8ULCXs ''55edo improv''] (2025)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVmToKkZU88 ''Waltz in 55edo''] (2025)
; [[James Kukula]]
* ''[https://app.box.com/s/8hq89cb3rqqkrhvkxgvqtppa255kcqrq?fbclid=IwY2xjawISjSlleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHcl5t8n_C7QUJqdEnwSaWBc5u3BpldmcAjhQQljsQIPl1qJ-zdCr9T8NMw_aem_Ez0m-Ls_ZqI0-c0Ld-28Yg 55edo Melted Syntonic]'' (2025)
; [[Budjarn Lambeth]]
* ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9c5MtrZFNhA Improvisation One in 55edo]'' (2025)
* ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggFGUn1Ya2A Improvisation Two in 55edo]'' (2025)
; [[Claudi Meneghin]]
; [[Claudi Meneghin]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgsJCTyxqiM ''Double Fugue on "We Wish You a Merry Christmas" for String Quartet''] (2020)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgsJCTyxqiM ''Double Fugue on "We Wish You a Merry Christmas" for String Quartet''] (2020)
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* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCUIx1RzvEk ''Chacony "Lament & Deception"'' for Two Violins and Cello] (2021), [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abJP4euMlsg for Baroque Wind Ensemble] (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCUIx1RzvEk ''Chacony "Lament & Deception"'' for Two Violins and Cello] (2021), [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abJP4euMlsg for Baroque Wind Ensemble] (2023)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zfWeO0eJdA Fantasy "Almost a Fugue" on a Theme by Giuliani, for String Quartet] (2021)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zfWeO0eJdA Fantasy "Almost a Fugue" on a Theme by Giuliani, for String Quartet] (2021)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOiub14Cskw ''Double Fugue on "Old McDonald" + "Shave & a Haircut"''] (2024)
; [[Herman Miller]]
* ''[https://soundcloud.com/morphosyntax-1/road-trip-to-nowhere Road Trip to Nowhere]'' (2021)
* ''[https://soundcloud.com/morphosyntax-1/migration Migration]'' (2025)


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://tonalsoft.com/monzo/55edo/55edo.aspx Mozart's tuning: 55-edo
* ''[http://tonalsoft.com/monzo/55edo/55edo.aspx Mozart's tuning: 55-edo and its close relative, 1/6-comma meantone]'' (containing another listening example) on [[Tonalsoft Encyclopedia]]
and its close relative, 1/6-comma meantone] (containing another listening example) on [[Tonalsoft Encyclopedia]]
 
== References ==
<references />


[[Category:Meantone]]
[[Category:Meantone]]
[[Category:Historical]]
[[Category:Historical]]
[[Category:Listen]]
[[Category:Listen]]