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	<title>Algebraic number - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-06-07T18:29:17Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=223541&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>FloraC: + link</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=223541&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-02-08T08:37:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;+ link&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 08:37, 8 February 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as {{w|Newton&amp;#039;s method}} can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the {{w|Durand–Kerner method}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as {{w|Newton&amp;#039;s method}} can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the {{w|Durand–Kerner method}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== External links ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [https://yahootuninggroupsultimatebackup.github.io/tuning-math/topicId_19436.html Yahoo! Tuning Group | &#039;&#039;Algebraic generators&#039;&#039;]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:todo:&lt;/del&gt;increase applicability&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Todo|&lt;/ins&gt;increase applicability&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>FloraC</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=186029&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>ArrowHead294 at 13:01, 14 March 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=186029&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-03-14T13:01:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:01, 14 March 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/del&gt;+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &amp;amp;minus; 1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} +&amp;amp;nbsp;… {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;}} whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &#039;&#039;&#039;algebraic numbers&#039;&#039;&#039;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] {{nowrap|&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) {{=}} &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &amp;amp;minus; 1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} +&amp;amp;nbsp;… {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;}} satisfies {{nowrap|&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) {{=}} 0}}. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a {{w|real number}}, it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &amp;amp;minus; 1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} +&amp;amp;nbsp;… {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;}} whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &#039;&#039;&#039;algebraic numbers&#039;&#039;&#039;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] {{nowrap|&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) {{=}} &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &amp;amp;minus; 1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;}} +&amp;amp;nbsp;… {{nowrap|+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;}} satisfies {{nowrap|&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) {{=}} 0}}. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a {{w|real number}}, it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of {{nowrap|&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &amp;amp;minus; 80}}. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the {{w|combination tone|combination tones}} they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of [[mos scale]]s with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of {{nowrap|&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &amp;amp;minus; 80}}. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the {{w|combination tone|combination tones}} they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of [[mos scale]]s with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ArrowHead294</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=175466&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>ArrowHead294 at 18:40, 9 January 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=175466&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-09T18:40:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 18:40, 9 January 2025&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/del&gt;1&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &#039;&#039;&#039;algebraic numbers&#039;&#039;&#039;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) = &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/del&gt;1&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) = 0. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia: Real number&lt;/del&gt;|real number&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;, it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;minus; &lt;/ins&gt;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;+&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/ins&gt;… &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &#039;&#039;&#039;algebraic numbers&#039;&#039;&#039;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} {{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;minus; &lt;/ins&gt;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;+&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/ins&gt;… &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;+ &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;satisfies &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;0&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{w&lt;/ins&gt;|real number&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;, it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/del&gt;80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the {{w|combination tone|combination tones}} they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of [[mos scale]]s with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{nowrap|&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;minus; &lt;/ins&gt;80&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the {{w|combination tone|combination tones}} they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of [[mos scale]]s with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as {{w|Newton&amp;#039;s method}} can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the {{w|Durand–Kerner method}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as {{w|Newton&amp;#039;s method}} can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the {{w|Durand–Kerner method}}.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ArrowHead294</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=162800&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>ArrowHead294: {{Wikipedia}} template is fixed now</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=162800&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-10-29T02:25:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;{{Wikipedia}} template is fixed now&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 02:25, 29 October 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|Algebraic number&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;algebraic numbers&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;algebraic numbers&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ArrowHead294</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=162709&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fitzgerald Lee: Fixed Wikipedia thingy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=162709&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-10-28T11:10:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Fixed Wikipedia thingy&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:10, 28 October 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Wikipedia&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|Algebraic number&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;algebraic numbers&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;algebraic numbers&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fitzgerald Lee</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=154251&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>FloraC: Cleanup</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=154251&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-09-07T13:47:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Cleanup&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:47, 7 September 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|&lt;/del&gt;algebraic numbers&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) = &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) = 0. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Wikipedia}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;algebraic numbers&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;. A root is a value &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;) = &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;) = 0. If &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &#039;&#039;real algebraic number&#039;&#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia: Combination &lt;/del&gt;tone|combination tones&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;MOS scales &lt;/del&gt;with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{w|combination &lt;/ins&gt;tone|combination tones&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to JI-agnostic [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[mos scale]]s &lt;/ins&gt;with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia: Newton&#039;s method&lt;/del&gt;|Newton&#039;s method&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;can be used. A refinement of Newton&#039;s method is the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method&lt;/del&gt;|Durand–Kerner method&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{w&lt;/ins&gt;|Newton&#039;s method&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;can be used. A refinement of Newton&#039;s method is the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{w&lt;/ins&gt;|Durand–Kerner method&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>FloraC</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135094&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Inthar at 22:54, 9 February 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135094&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-09T22:54:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:54, 9 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l6&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;thoery&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Number &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theory&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Inthar</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135093&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Inthar at 22:54, 9 February 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135093&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-09T22:54:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:54, 9 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of MOS scales with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce. Algebraic numbers are also relevant to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;JI-agnostic &lt;/ins&gt;[[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings of MOS scales with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Inthar</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135092&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Inthar at 22:53, 9 February 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135092&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-09T22:53:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:53, 9 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Tunings &lt;/del&gt;of MOS scales with exact &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;delta-rational&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Algebraic numbers are also relevant to [[delta-rational]] harmony, as tunings &lt;/ins&gt;of MOS scales with exact delta-rational values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Inthar</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135091&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Inthar at 22:53, 9 February 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.xen.wiki/index.php?title=Algebraic_number&amp;diff=135091&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-09T22:53:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:53, 9 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/UnivariatePolynomial.html univariate polynomial] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; whose coefficients &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;i&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) has roots which are known as [[Wikipedia: Algebraic number|algebraic numbers]]. A root is a value &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; for which the [[Wikipedia: Polynomial  #Polynomial functions|polynomial function]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - 1)&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; + … + &amp;#039;&amp;#039;a&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;n&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satisfies &amp;#039;&amp;#039;f&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) = 0. If &amp;#039;&amp;#039;r&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[Wikipedia: Real number|real number]], it is a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;real algebraic number&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Real algebraic numbers which are not also rational numbers turn up in various places in musical tuning theory. For instance, the intervals in the [[Target_tunings|target tunings]] minimax or least squares are real algebraic numbers. An example of this is 1/4-comma meantone, where 2 and 5 are not tempered but 3 is tempered to 2×5&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, a root of &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; - 80. [[Generators]] for [[linear temperament]]s which are real algebraic numbers can have interesting properties in terms of the [[Wikipedia: Combination tone|combination tones]] they produce&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. Tunings of MOS scales with exact [[delta-rational]] values for a certain chord have generators that are algebraic numbers in the linear frequency domain&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Finding numerical values for real algebraic numbers is probably best left to a computer algebra package, but iterative methods such as [[Wikipedia: Newton&amp;#039;s method|Newton&amp;#039;s method]] can be used. A refinement of Newton&amp;#039;s method is the [[Wikipedia: Durand–Kerner method|Durand–Kerner method]].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Math]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Number thoery]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:todo:increase applicability]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Inthar</name></author>
	</entry>
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